Kudeuka Tsunami mumakore 10 apfuura munyika

Tsunami - muedzo dzinongoitika chakajairika kunokonzerwa kuputika kwemakomo kana kudengenyeka iri mumhenderekedzo yegungwa munzvimbo. Hazvina hofori wave, kufukidza kumhenderekedzo kuti makiromita akawanda mukati. Shoko rokuti "Tsunami" ndiye mavambo Japanese, sezvariri unorira "chinozunguzirwa guru iri Gulf." Zviri Japan Kazhinji chirwere kubva njodzi, nokuti ari mapazi zvePacific "Ring reMoto" - chikuru zvizivikanwe nemichina mabhandi the Earth.

zvinokonzera

Tsunami achiumbwa ne "kuzunungusa" matani bhiriyoni mvura mbiru. Kufanana madenderedzwa kubva ibwe akandwe mumvura, mafungu uparadzire kwakasiyana-siyana panguva kumhanya anenge 800? Km paawa, kusvika kumhenderekedzo uye akasasa pamusoro pake mugodhi hombe, achiparadza zvose munzira kwayo. Uye kazhinji vanhu vachatorwa vari Tsunami mapazi chiito, pane maminitsi mashoma kuti kusiya nzvimbo ine ngozi. Saka zvakakosha zvikuru nguva kunyevera vagari pamusoro nokutyisidzirwa, anorura hapana nzira nokuti.

Kudeuka Tsunami mumakore 10 apfuura

A dambudziko rakakura kwakaitika kuIndian Ocean muna 2004. Undersea kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakakura 9.1 zvakonzera kwaita vaRafa mafungu anosvika 98 m. In maminitsi mashoma vakasvika kumhenderekedzo Indonesia. All munjodzi yacho vaiva munyika 14, kusanganisira Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, Bangladesh.

Raiva guru Tsunami munhoroondo nhamba vanobatwa kwakasvika 230 zviuru. Dzine vakawanda munzvimbo kumahombekombe havana vakagadzirira pamwe chete hurongwa nenyevero nezvengozi, yaiva mhosva dzakawanda
akafa. Asi vakaurayiwa aigona kuva yepamusoro zvikuru kana nomumukanwa tsika nomumwe avanhu venyika idzi hadzina nokuchengetedza mashoko pamusoro Tsunami kare. Vamwe mhuri vakaudzwa kuti vaigona kusiya nzvimbo ine ngozi nokuda kwavana, akadzidza pamusoro hofori mafungu mukirasi. Uye gungwa shure, vasati vadzoka muna muchimiro zvinouraya tsunami,, waiva chiratidzo kuti kumhanya yepamusoro kukwira yakatenuka. Izvi akasimbisa kudiwa kudzidzisa vanhu sei kuzvibata panjodzi.

The guru Tsunami muJapan

Muchirimo 2011 pamusoro chitsuwa Japanese yakadhirika dambudziko. On March 11 nemhenderekedzo munyika kwakava nokudengenyeka kwenyika kwakakura 9.0, izvo zvakakonzera chidzoke nemafungu anosvika 33 metres dzimwe mishumo akataura mamwe nemifananidzo -. Mvura crests yakasvika 40-50 m.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti anenge ose mumhenderekedzo yegungwa guta Japan vane levees kudzivirira pamusoro Tsunami, kudengenyeka kwenyika mapazi kuti hazvina kubatsira. Kuwanda akafa uye anotinhwa mugungwa uye chisipo ane vanhu vanopfuura zviuru 25. Vanhu munyika vachida poring pamusoro ndandanda vakaurayiwa nokudengenyeka kwenyika uye tsunami,, anotya kuziva mavari nevadikanwi vavo.

125,000 Zvivako zvakakuvadza chokufambisa kwezvivako dzakaparadzwa. Asi mugumisiro kupfuura ngozi yakanga mutsaona pane simba renyukireya chirimwa Fukushima I. It zvinenge zvakaita kuti nenjodzi yenyukireya pasi pose, kunyanya nokuti kusvibiswa kwakaitwa nePacific Ocean. Kubviswa tsaona akatumirwa kwete chete kune Japanese masimba simba mainjiniya, vashandi kununurwa uye kuzvidzivirira mauto. Mikuru Masimba kwenyukireya munyika uye akatuma vanachiremba ayo kubatsira vari Kununurwa zvakatipoteredza njodzi. Uye kunyange zvazvo mamiriro ezvinhu kuitika mune simba renyukireya chirimwa akaita pazvakagadzikana, masayendisiti achiri regai kunyatsonzwisisa nechirevo chacho.

Tsunami achinyevera basa nezvokudzokera nezvengozi iri Hawaiian Islands, Philippines uye nedzimwe ndima, izvo vavete ngozi wongoramba. Asi, sezvinei, havana ratosvika kumahombekombe zvikuru attenuated chinozunguzirwa yakakwirira mamita matatu.

Saka, chikuru Tsunami kare 10 makore kwakaitika kuIndian Ocean uye Japan.

Njodzi Major gumi

Indonesia uye Japan vari pakati nyika umo dzinoparadza mafungu vari kakawanda zvakakwana. Somuenzaniso, muna July 2006 Java Tsunami zvakare kuumbwa somugumisiro dzinoparadza pasi pemvura propulsion. Waves vanosvika 7-8 metres dzavo, kuchovha mhenderekedzo, anokunda kunyange idzodzo kuti chishamiso kwete akakuvara munguva chinouraya 2004 Tsunami. Residents uye vakokwa kuti dzisina munzvimbo relived kuvenga usingabatsiri pamberi zvakasikwa. All munguva kwakapararira njodzi vakaurayiwa kana zvisipo vanhu 668, uye anopfuura 9000 kutsvaka rubatsiro.

Muna 2009, mumwe chikuru tsunami, zvakaitika Samoa rezvitsuwa, apo vanenge 15-mita chinozunguzirwa vakayambuka zviwi, achiparadza zvose munzira kwayo. Kuwanda vawirwa vakasvika vanhu 189, vakawanda vacho vana, tiri pamhenderekedzo. Asi kushanda basa Tsunami Nyevero Center iri Pacific akabvumira kudzivisa kunyange zvikuru dzevanhu mari, vachibvumira kutama vanhu kuti dzakachengeteka dzokuvanda.

Kudeuka Tsunami mumakore 10 apfuura kwakaitika muna Pacific uye Indian Ocean nemhenderekedzo Eurasia. Asi izvi hazvirevi kuti njodzi dzakadaro hazvigoni kuitika dzimwe chepasi.

The kunoparadza Tsunami munhoroondo yevanhu

Human ndangariro akachengeta mashoko pamusoro hofori mafungu vakachengeta kare. By nezvokunetseka wedangwe kwe tsunami zvakaitika chokuita kuputika rinoputika riri Big Chitsuwa Santorini. chiitiko ichi yakatanga kusvika 1410 BC.

Raiva guru Tsunami munyika kare. The kuputika akasimudza mudenga zhinji chitsuwa, achisiya panzvimbo yayo pakarepo akazara gungwa nemvura bheseni. Kubva kudhumhana ane dzvuku inopisa magma, mvura nokukurumidza kubika uye sasana, anowedzera kwenyika. Mvura Mediterranean amisa, nokusika yakakura mafungu yakarova yose pamhenderekedzo. Utsinye zvinhu vakatora 100,000 upenyu, inova huru chaizvo nhamba, ivo varipo, kwete chii kune vekare. Maererano masayendisiti akawanda, ndiwo nezvirwere uye kumutswa somugumisiro Tsunami kwakaita kuti kunyangarika ari Minoan tsika kweKirete, - chimwe chezvinhu chakavanzika mararamiro ekare panyika.

Muna 1755, muLisbon akatosvika zvachose akatsvaira kunze chakaipisisa nokudengenyeka, moto kwayo mugumisiro, uye anotyisa chinozunguzirwa ine mafungu pamusoro guta mushure. vanhu 60,000 vakaurayiwa uye vazhinji vakakuvadzwa. Vafambisi vengarava kubva zvikepe akauya chengarava Lisbon mushure tsaona, vakasaziva yakapoteredza kumaruwa. njodzi iyi mumwe zvikonzero kurasikirwa Portuguese wenyaya ane simba guru wengarava.

vanhu zviuru 30 vakaurayiwa 1707 Tsunami kuJapan. Muna 1782, njodzi muSouth Sea China, kwakauraya upenyu 40 zviuru vanhu. Kuputika pamusoro Krakatoa (1883) uyewo akaita tsunami, izvo chokuita norufu 36 500 vanhu. Muna 1868, nhamba vakaurayiwa hombe mafungu Chile aiva zvinopfuura chiuru 25. 1896 aizivikanwa tsunami idzva Japan, iyo vakati vanopfuura 26,000 upenyu.

Alaska Tsunami

The incredible chinozunguzirwa rakaumbwa muna 1958 muGulf of Lituya Bay muna Alaska. Mudzi rwayo wakange nokudengenyeka. Asi kuchaita kuti mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Somugumisiro kwenyika kubva mujinga kumakomo Muganhu Gulf akauya hofori mhoromhokwa anenge mamiriyoni 300 cubic metres. M nematombo uye chando. Zvose rakabhuroka kupinda mvura Gulf, kukonzera paumbwe wakakura chinozunguzirwa rinosvika munhu nekukwirira 524 M! Scientist Miller akati kuti isati iri pane chakaitika ari kupfuura Tsunami munyika.

On nevakomana eRwizi kurwadza akarova nesimba zvokuti mawere vakanga yakaparadzwa zvose zvinomera uye zvakawanda unzenza pamatombo zvachose, achiisa bedrock. zvikepe Three rakabatwa muGulf ari kurwara-fated nguva, akanga yakasiyana mugumo. Mumwe wavo kwakadzika, wechipiri kwokuputsika, asi chikwata kutiza. A mudziyo wechitatu, kamwe pamusoro penyika ine wave, akamunzwira kuburikidza chirukwa dzakaparadzana apo pakapinda nyika, uye kukanda mugungwa. Waiva chishamiso vafambisi havana kuparara. Ipapo vakarangarira sei panguva kumanikidzwa "kutiza" nechepasi kwechikepe aona misoro miti kuti akakura pamusoro pfira ose.

Sezvineiwo, Muganhu Gulf Lituya Bay anenge aparara, saka izvi chinozunguzirwa kusingaenzaniswi asina akaita kukuvadza zvikuru. The guru Tsunami pakanga pasisina munhu vakatambudzwa. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanhu 2 chete vakaurayiwawo.

Tsunami iri Far East kuRussia

In nyika yedu kuti Tsunami mapazi kunosanganisira Pacific kwemhenderekedzo Kamchatka uye Kuril Islands. Naivowo nhema mune seismically kusagadzikana nzvimbo, apo kazhinji ikoko uye kunoparadza kwenyika, uye kuputika kwemakomo.

The Kudeuka kunyorwa Tsunami muRussia muna 1952. Waves tinosvika kukwirira 8-10 metres, akarova Kuril Islands uye Kamchatka. Vagari haina kugadzirira dzoro ichi zvinhu pashure kwenyika. Avo pashure kugumiswa chakamira pakunodengenyeka zvine vakadzokera vachapukunyuka veimba, vazhinji vavo vasina akamuka mumwe. Netaundi Severo-Kurilsk rakaparadzwa anenge zvachose. Kuwanda vanobatwa vanofungidzirwa pana vanhu 2336, asi zvichida vazhinji. Izvo chakaitika mazuva mashoma asati 35th gore yaOctober Revolution, njodzi yakanga woutsinye kwemakore, akaenda nezvazvo chete makuhwa. Guta akakurudzirwa yakakwirira uye ngozi nzvimbo.

Kuril nenjodzi akava hwaro musangano webasa Tsunami okunyevera USSR.

zvidzidzo kubva kare

Kudeuka Tsunami mumakore 10 apfuura vakaratidza fragility upenyu uye zvinhu zvose zvakasikwa nemunhu, pamberi nemafungu zvinhu. Asi vanobvumirwa kudiwa rinoronga kuitwa munyika dzakawanda kudzivisa zvikuru migumisiro yakaipa. Uye munzvimbo dzakawanda sei ne Tsunami, pakuronga basa kudzivirira vanhu nezvengozi uye kudikanwa kubvisa.