KrAZ-255 - rwokugadzira nokurondedzerwa. Kremenchug Automobile Plant

Remakore yokupedzisira yakanga munzira dzakawanda kwete yakanaka nguva munhoroondo yevanhu. Kwaiva hondo, uye Newest chirwere chinouraya, pakava nekupesana munyika uye muganhu Munyori ... Asi zvakaitika panguva iyoyo chaizvo. Enda neyokushandisa nyore zvinosanganisira ruzhinji zvinowanikwa nesayenzi uye anobatsira zvigadzirwa.

Mukuwedzera, maruva muzvigadzirwa kwakaitika munguva yezwi post-maindasitiri munzanga, uye akabata motokari maindasitiri, uye munyika dzose. Nokuti Russia, uye panguva iyoyo Soviet Union yakanga nguva yakanaka iyi munhoroondo mativi. Muenzaniso unoshamisa iyi ndiyo motokari KrAZ-255.

Chii chichakurukurwa munyaya?

Nyaya kukurukurirana, sezvo imi nechekare kunzwisisa kubva duku okutanga achaita motokari iyi. Izvi rori-Nzvimbo motokari - a iconic zvechokwadi chinhu tinogona kutaura milepost yose motokari indasitiri remakore rapfuura.

Kutaura zvazviri, KrAZ- motokari "laptezhnik," sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi vatyairi, aiva pakati zvikuru nevanhu Marori munyika yakadaro yakakura sezvakaita Soviet Union of mukupera rechimakumi maviri remakore. Pokuperevedza mairi kana paiva, zvinonzi kugara kururamiswa mainjiniya. Kutaura zvazviri, uye kwaiva shanduro iyi-Nzvimbo zvose motokari. Kare kubudiswa dzimwe yokutevedzera, asi pakupedzisira zvose ikava michina avo, izvo nhasi anogona kuwanika mumugwagwa, kunyange zvazvo kusunungurwa yavo remakore maviri okutanga hakuchisina vakaramba.

nhaka

Nokuti nguva yayo, maviri namakumi namana muenzaniso chaiva chakanaka - kukurira mabasa avo, uye kuti akanga inokwana. Asi sixties vachiri wakakwidzwa, izvi pasina mubvunzo motokari kukuru. Kudiwa mazuvaano haisi chete chikuru kure, asi chaizvoizvo akarembera mudenga.

Marori aya KrAz haana akasiyana zvikuru kubva mumwe. Zvakajeka, kusiyanisa mumwe muenzaniso kubva mumwe zvaiita chete paupamhi-matai. Zvisinei, okunatsiridza zvave, uye ivo zvakakomba vakachinja magadzirirwo mumotokari.

Internal zvekupfakira akazonzi murayiro, mukusiyana kune rokupedzisira shanduro. Saka, motokari KrAZ-255 rori uye akava "mambo pamugwagwa." Akabvuma izvozvo vatyairi zvose, kunyange vanouti mukurukurirano zuva nezuva chete se "laptezhnikom". Zvisinei, kunyange gore mana okuberekwa mhando dzichiri kushandiswa yose Kishi, uye mune dzimwe nyika zvakare. It anotaura chete yepamusoro kugadzirwa.

Huru parameters

Kremenchug Automobile Plant akaita kusunungurwa zvikuru zvakawanda michina yakadaro. Vose vakaitwa pachishandiswa ari 214-fung muenzaniso uye vakanga vaitungamirira mumaindasitiri akawanda kwemakore gumi nemanomwe.

Kutaura pamusoro midziyo inofanira kutanga Diesel injini. Magadzirirwo, yaishandiswa pano, anonzi YaMZ-238. Hazvina simba zvakakwana, asi panguva imwe chete mutengo-kunobudirira chikwata.

Wide-tai, izvo kare vakauya pamberi payo, kunyange kuva pakuva KrAZ-255B.

Aida zvikurukuru kutakurwa cargoes siyana. Mukuwedzera, kudekara akatasva gogonera nomunzvimbo dzine chete akawedzera zvimwe. Last kushandiswa zhinji dzeruzhinji masangano, vachirayira zvimwe okunatsiridza, zvikuru Vakarodza nomumwe chinangwa.

The kabhini, yakanga vakapakata muenzaniso, akaitwa kwaibva mumatanda, akafukidza jira simbi. The magirazi inoshandiswa vane simba zvokugona kukurira dzakakwirira kumanikidzwa. Inside akasununguka raitenda vanhu vatatu.

KrAZ-255 - injini waivako

Rondedzera KrAZ anogona kuva yakareba zvikuru. Kudiwa kutanga pamwe nezvokuzadziswa mamiriro, chinoguma Chivako ichi munyika zvitange.

Sezvingatarisirwa, injini ichi. Asi kwete kune vamwe, uye V-zvakaumbwa, masere humburumbira. Masimba Diesel zvose uye mafuta kuparadzwa, kunyanya kupiwa kukura muchina, chaiva pasi. Mumwe akaita sepombi vakapakata mavharuvhu maviri, izvo zvakawedzera zvachose chinzvimbo.

Ekupedzisira chinhu chinoshamisa mufananidzo mazana maviri negumi horsepower pa 2100 RPM. Torque kuri hunoshamisa zvikuru - 90 makirogiramu / m, achitora chiuru nokumukirana paminiti. The compression reshiyo iri - gumi nehafu, uye sitiroko vhoriyamu - anenge gumi litres.

kuturika

Zvakaenzana chinokosha motokari kupfuura injini. KrAZ-255 vakagadzirira pamwe nevasina mberi uye neshure kuturika. Vakanga vakaita zvishoma zvakasiyana, riri chaizvo zvine musoro, akapa uremu uye kukura, kuti vaifanira kushanda.

The kuturika pamberi rinoitwa kushandisa miviri longitudinal Semi-elliptical matsime. Recent akashongedzerwa ane mamwe peya kaviri nokuita kuvhunduka absorbers. Kureva vaiva kurudyi, uye hydraulic uye telescopic.

Rwemberi kuturika, akavapindurawo, kwaibva chete zvitubu sezvo mberi. Zvisinei, kusiyana pano, uye ari yose matanhatu torque tsvimbo.

Batira uye Transmission

Kremenchug motokari fekitari akashandisa chatakagara kirasi zvakafanana kuti injini, kureva YaMZ-238. Magadzirirwo kwaibva maviri discs yakaoma mhando multi-humburumbira compression matsime.

Gearbox akadana YaMZ-236N, ayo unhu, zvakanzi akasarudzwa kuva shanu-danho uye-nzira nhatu. Pano ndaishanda kwegadziriro kuramba kuroorana Chokwadi, dzakakudzingai rokutanga uye harungashandurwi rachulis. Uyewo munokosha inokosha panotaurwa kuvapo synchronizers pamusoro kuchinja kubva yechipiri yechitatu uye kubva wechina cheshanu akurumidze.

Driveline uye chinja nyaya

Yokutanga yakanga zvakavakwa yose driveshafts shanu. Mashandiro akasimbisa zvenguva rutsigiro. Saka, yose mamiriro akanga akasimba zvakakwana uye panguva imwecheteyo nyore vaungane. Akashandiswa pagadzirwe miseve chete yakazaruka.

Wechipiri, akavapindurawo, akanga inozivikanwa se zvokuimba uye vaviri-pachikuva. Tinofanira kucherechedza kuvapo muzinda differential nokuda rwemberi bogie. With mudziyo uyu PTO akanga kushandisa kuna winch nezvimwe zvakabatanidzwa.

mabhiriji

Magadzirirwo wokushandiswa vatatu. Sezvingatarisirwa, vakanga kwezvipimo maererano huru zvizere. Imwe neimwe nevatatu yakanga vakapakata yayo giya chikwata. Semiaxis vakanga waburuswa zvachose.

Vose mabhiriji pamberi inomira kunze. Zvinonzi akashongedzerwa ane mamwe mashandiro. Ekupedzisira Ndinoramba velocity majoini. Vatyairi vanoziva kuti vane rubatsiro yavo, torque iri chakasvitswa kuti nemotokari mavhiri kuwedzera maneuverability panguva cornering.

The mamiriro yechipiri pamusoro zambuko akaita zvimwe zvachinja. Saka, pano pane zvakaipa nzvimbo. Rinoshandiswa kutsigira kuti zvakanaka kuisa hwindimiri nomubato rwemberi ekisero.

Opsioneel midziyo

Kunze ose pamusoro, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa mamwe mativi. KrAZ-255 pasina zvinongokonzerwa hahugoni kuvapo.

Chekutanga izvozvo chokuita hita plugs ari injini, uyewo centralized kudzora mamiriro nevamwe matai. Yakanga maitiro mamwe pakapfava kune dzimwe okunatsiridza mumotokari,-Nzvimbo zvose motokari, asi hazvina kudaro chinokosha.

Uyewo zvinokosha kucherechedza kunyanya bhazi, kutaura iyo yakauya kanopfuura kamwe kare. miganhu yavo zvinoorora chaizvo - 1300h530h533 mm. Akapiwa chokwadi kuti magadzirirwo kunosanganisira kushandiswa mavhiri nhanhatu chete, zviri zvikuru pfungwa inokosha.

Chimwe ndiko kutaura mashoko mashomanana pamusoro bhatiri. Ivo anoshandiswa maviri chete, izvo zvine musoro, akapa kukura muchina. A dzakatevedzana mano aya sezvinoratidzwa chiratidzo 6ST-182EM.

Kukura KrAZ-255

Tinofanirawo kukurukura uye kukura iyi motokari hombe. Chaizvoizvo, chinhu zvikuru anoyevedza chivako kuti vanofanira kufunga zvose kana uchityaira uye kana kutenga nemikana.

Kureba zvishoma pamusoro mamita masere nehafu. More zvakananga, 8 mamita uye 64,5 masendimita. Upamhi muchina riri guru zvikuru - maviri metres uye-makota matatu. Urefu nenzira - zvikuru chaizvo divi kune rori, sezvo pane zviviri zvakasiyana inoti - kabhini kukura, kana nhamba, pamwe musasa. Pano, wokutanga mamakisi kwaizova maviri metres mapfumbamwe nezvina masendimita, uye wechipiri, ukuwo, mamita matatu namashanu masendimita.

Tichifunga zviri kuzviomesera mitemo mumugwagwa nemarori, avo vari kuenda kunotenga KrAZ, unofanira kaviri kufunga, uye nokungwarira verenga magwaro. Vamwe Migwagwa vachava isina, iyo pave nematambudziko zvisingakoshi.

anozivikanwa okunatsiridza

Inouya zvishoma apfuura. Vazhinji dare akarayira munhu motokari kushandiswa kuti zvienderane zvaunoda. Pasinei nokuti muenzaniso 255B akave nokugamuchira kupfuura kuzivikanwa, hachisi chete chinogona kuwanika mumugwagwa kunyange nhasi.

Chekutanga unofanira pamusoro runotikurudzira kuvandudzika of machine. It akagamuchira coded 255B1. Chaizvoizvo, vose kuchinja yakanga braking mugadziriro. akaputsa actuator akaita choga, izvo zvaiita pfungwa yakanaka kudyara mainjiniya. Saka zvakanga. Mushure 1979, Kremenchug chirimwa yakabereka chaizvo navo.

Uyewo, muenzaniso KrAZ anozivikanwa vazhinji 255V - a tarakita. Zvakanga zvakagadzirirwa, sezvo iwe unogona kudaro, nokuti kutakurwa guru mitoro vari karavhani. wokupedzisira uremu kunogona kusvika makumi maviri nezvitanhatu matani, asi dzimwe nguva kunyange kupfuura kare chaizvo nhamba.

KrAZ-255D kupinda vakawanda kugadzirwa haana kwakatangwa. Uyu murori tarakita, kushanda chete pamwe turera chaicho. Prototypes vaedzwa, asi zviratidzo havasi kusvikira achida padanho.

Pane imwe nguva, akanga akakurumbira chaizvo KrAZ-255L, kureva mapuranga. Rakasiyana nevamwe, havana hurongwa kuchinja kuita iri matai, asi vave dzakashandisa kushanda siyana Trailers nemukuparadzwa.

Uyezve, pane chimwe dikidiki kobiri, tinogona kutaura kugadzirwa. 256B1-030 akasunungura aiva zvidimbu gumi namasere chete, uye vakasikirwa kushanda ari mapazi ose radioactive kusvibiswa akapoteredza paChernobyl simba renyukireya chirimwa. Nokuti kugadzirwa maduramazwi zvakashandiswa, zvakadai mutobvu uye sekristaro. Mushure basa, vari akavigwa makuva nemwaranzi.

mhedziso

A shoma okuonekana mashoko avo vanoda kutenga motokari idzi. Chekutanga, KrAZ kugadzirisa angava kwamuri muedzo chaiwo. Chokwadi chokuti nzira itsva kushanda kwete zvokuti. Nekuti kuwana chinhu kuti achava zvinodhura zvikuru. Uyezve, kushandisa Sevamiririri ngozi chaizvo nokuti mujeri, pasi dzimwe nzira. The chaizvo chete mumuchina yabviswa kurimwa kwemakore anopfuura 10 adarika.

mari

Ko mudzimai motokari KrAZ-255 mutengo? nyaya iyi zvikuru kunzwisisa. Series Kugadzirwa iri pamusoro kwenguva refu, izvo zvinoreva kuti kana vaida kuwana, zvakanga chete b / motokari. Asi pano, zvose zvichava kuvimba nehurumende. Paavhareji, kuritenga achaita mari iwe mashanu masere nezvishanu zvamadhora.

Saka, isu afunga inova wechipfuwo motokari KrAZ zvekushandisa nokurondedzerwa, kukura uye mutengo.