Motokari zis-150: nokurondedzerwa, tsananguro, mapikicha

The Great Patriotic War afa pasi, uye nyika hombe akatanga kupora. Nepo chaizvo vasina chiedza mumarori. Uye vakadaro wakasikwa. Zis-150 ichi. Pasinei pakukwanisa kwayo diki, airidza basa rinokosha mune kudzorerwa uye mabasa epamba.

History chokusika

The motokari yokutanga akauya kubva dzaFord mukutanga 1948. Munyika guru pamwero mukuru hwokudzorerwa yakapiwa, uyewo vavakezve yose upfumi. Zvinonzi akaronga kuti nokukurumidza kwakadaro kubva 1946 kusvika 1950, izvo zvakaita pakusikwa motokari itsva zvokutengeserana.

Zvinoguma zis-150 - a zvizere rehurumende rori kusvika 4 matani. Zvinonzi inobva nyanzvi kuona kufanana nemashoko American muenzaniso International, iro wakabudiswa muna 1941. Parizvino, kunyange akararama okushambadza uye muchisviniro zvabudiswa pamusoro motokari iyi.

History anoziva mberi kukudziridza American series, asi muSoviet Union akasunungurwa vanenge 700 000 motokari pefiyumu ichi. Nhamba iyi akauya pasina kufungisisa analogs siyana, izvo zvinowanikwa Europe pasi rezinesi.

Zis-150 zvizere akasangana zvaitarisirwa ose ehurumende uye akaratidza zvakakwana pachayo iri National upfumi. Pakugadza panguva motokari yakanga zvikurusa.

Kunyange asati hondo

The nomukurumbira zis-5 yakavakwa isati hondo. Zis-15 ivhu vakatanga kuonekwa kubvira 1938 kusvika 1940. Zvadaro pamasikiro wakaradzikwa kukwanisa ndiwedzere. Zvaibvira kuwedzera mano, simba, chikuva hukuru, uyewo nyaradzo. Asi izvi zvose zvinofanira paakapiwa mu runotevera.

The Developers vakanditeyera ibasa kusika wemarori idzva, uye kanenge kwete pakarepo, asi ivo vari kukurira basa iri.

Output mu dzino

Pashure pehondo, paiva dhefisiti pamusoro yepamusoro chiwanikwa simbi. Zvino rori Wokutanga akaberekwa aine nyore nemvura nesimbi uye matanda. Zvisinei, pashure 2 years Cubicle akachinja wawo uye akava chose simbi. The windshield rinoumbwa sezvikamu zviviri. Kusiyiwa negirazi uchasimudzirwa - nayo aishandisa rocker mashandiro.

Motokari akanga nepokuongorora simba chairema 5.5 litres uye simba 90 "mabhiza". Nokuti injini ichi, mainjiniya mubayiro State Prize kwazvo. Zvadaro, nokuti kusunungurwa zis-150 Director Likhachev chirimwa akanga paakavapa mubayiro.

chitarisiko

New kumumvuri rokutanga ainzi zis-150. The kabhini aiva tapered grille. Magadzirirwo zvikuru zvakafanana "Opel-Blitz". Asi Soviet rori "Opel" hapana ukama hwemhuri vakanga vasina. Just akashandisa kusika zvimwe nezvokuzadziswa pre-hondo rori PT-7.

Kwapera gore, takasarudza kuti mberi restyling. Pano uye tinogona kuona kufanana ne motokari American kubva Harvester.

Pano ndeyekuti kuti muSoviet Union sezvineiwo vakakwanisa kutaurirana kutenga mu US runonditsikirira kuti pagadzirwe zvimwe zvinoumba muchina. Kuwedzera kabhini, ari "Hero pamusoro Socialist Labor" kubva vekuAmerica dzisisakwanisi chinhu. Zvose nhaka kubva kuna tateguru yaro - zis-15.

1945 chinokosha munhoroondo muchina uyu ndechokuti ndiwo gore rakanga rokutanga vakaratidza yakafarikana vateereri. Zvakanga kumumvuri, iyo yakaratidza panguva maindasitiri kuratidza.

Kabhini pashure restyling

The mberi itsva yave zvachose simbi. Its denga uye musana rusvingo insulated, remadziro pamberi anewo kumbogadzirwa kuti mudziye.

Sezvo magirazi zviri motokari yokutanga muna fekitari uchishandisa triplex girazi izvo zvakasiyana paiva celluloid. Zvisinei, zvakaitika zvinoratidza kuti aiva pfuma kuti ipere uye flake nokuda okunze uye kunayisa. Ndokusaka muna 1953 vakatanga kushandisa kunopfavisa girazi. It kunoratidzwa yakakwirira nesimba uye haazombofi delaminate.

The windshield wiper yakanga yakagadzirirwa. Akashandisa kushandira compressed mhepo. ake ngarurege raiwanzobatana kuti akaputsa hurongwa. Kuvhura pamusoro, mutyairi aifanira tenderera rinokosha kudzora pfundo. Izvi actuates ari brushes maviri. Kana iwe tenderera musoro aigona kuchinja mirayiridzo mumakwenzi. mashandiro rino aivawo mhikuriso chaiyo unokubvumira kumhanya basa brushes manually uye tora navo pakuguma chinzvimbo.

By motokari zis-150 shanduro yokutanga yakanga vaviri wiper. Zvakanga regulators maviri, izvo zvinogona zvaisanganisira yoga.

Nokuti airing yechipiri yezana girazi mukana kuvhura. Uyewo, asati girazi yaiva rinokosha tsotsonya. Denga, zvakare unogona kuzarurwa. Kuti aite izvi, mainjiniya vakaita chinyoreso chaiyo rinofukidza kufefetedza tsotsonya.

dashboard

Sezvo dashboard akashandisa imwe nevakawanda ndiro, izvo Chine zviratidzo kakawanda, siyana rwodzi uye masimba namano. Pakati unogona kuona speedometer uye odometer.

Kusvikira 1953 vakasiiwa dashboard yaiva lämpömittari kuratidza tembiricha yacho coolant. Right - chinotsva chechetere chinoratidza. The paakati kuratidza huru danda raiva rapanzvimbo speedometer.

dandara

Zis-150 yakavakwa panzvimbo yamatanda akavaverengera ichibhabhamisa. kureba kwayo kwakanga 3540 mm uye rakanga rakafara makubhiti 250 mm. Loading kukwirira kwakanga 1320 mm. Board aivawo 584 mm kureba.

The pamberi bhodhi wakaiswa achishandisa struts matatu, iyo dzaidzidziswa pamakona maviri izvo yakaiswa pamatanda. Side madziro rori risungirirwe pamusoro zvamagonhi. Kubvisa mukana sag, ivo Developers wakasimbisa divi mbariro.

Tailgate akasungira zvamagonhi matatu. Vhudzi vaiva Espagnolette musimboti. Zvakanga zvakakunakira kubatanidza mutoro pamuchinjikwa mbariro vakanga anokosha zvokukochekera.

In rworudyi chikamu kuchikuva yaiva bhokisi chaiyo apo mutyairi anokwanisa kuchengeta inorema maturusi nezvimwe zvokushandisa chero mugwagwa.

The chassis ine mbiri longitudinal uye shanu transverse matanda, ayo dzakabatanidzwa nokuda okusungisa. Uyezve okusungisa akabata Nemicheka. Sezvo chassis nemainjiniya vakashandisa rudzi wokupedzisira - 15-fung womuenzaniso.

injini

Zis-150 Model akanga vakagadzirira pamwe chete dzaishandiswa sezvo 5-series, uye ipapo rechi15. Kana ake akatakura 101,6 mm ichi kabhureta injini aiva Vhoriyamu 5.5 litres. It muna 1950, pashure zvokunyama kuti gadziridzo uye kugadzwa rutsva mafuta musanganiswa kubva carburetor akawira rukova, uyewo Inlet zhinji zvachose itsva kukwanisa kuwedzera compression reshiyo - raro kugona yakawedzera kusvika 95 litres. a.

Muzana rokutanga series, nokuti zvose zvayo unhu motokari yakanga chaizvo zvinonyatsooneka kuvamirira. Long mugodhi driveline aiva simba kumucheto simba, uye aishora uwandu nokumukirana. Izvi Kazhinji chakaita kuti chokwadi kuti kana motokari downhill kuwanda nokumukirana kwakanga yekudyidzana kupfuura anodiwa kuchengeteka. Cardan mugodhi hwatsvuka. Panguva imwecheteyo akaunza yakapararawo akaputsa actuator nguva - motokari yakanga zvakaoma chaizvo kurega. Kuongorora mamiriro ezvinhu, nyanzvi haana kusarudza, sezvo simba kuderedza kukwira 2400 Zvak / min.

kufamba

With injini ichi vaishanda ane shanu-nokukurumidza gearbox, uyewo kaviri dhisiki batira. The bhokisi nedzimba nokupfuuridzirwa Disc akamedura. Kutamisirwa nyaya yaiva miseve mitatu.

Zis-150: Magadzirirwo

Ekisero - 4 X 2. kunonyanyisa mutoro uremu motokari iyi yakanga 4 M Machine uremu kwakanga 3.900 makirogiramu .. Wheelbase - 4000 mm. Ground Clearance - 265 mm. The kunonyanyisa nokukurumidza kuti anogona kubudirira mune motokari iyi pa 65 km / h, apo pakukurumidza yaiva duku. Mafuta kunwa oda 38 litres / 100 km. Uyu wokuenzanisira pamwe zvakazara tangi anogona kufukidza chinhambwe 4000? Km. CAT - mashanu-nokukurumidza, uye wechishanu giya akanga kuwedzera.

Gozvo aiva globoid gonye pamwe trehgrebnevym chinotenderera. The akamedura hurongwa ine Drum mabhureki. mabhureki pneumatic tikachirega kwakanga. The kuturika Hurongwa - chitubu mhando shure. Pakupedzisira, mamwe matsime vaviri yakaiswa.

upenyu hupfupi

Izvi Soviet simbi muchina zis-150 akanga muchidimbu Olympus vertices. Warinozokwidzwa kubva kugadzirwa muna 1957. Asi yakawanda mushanduro dzakasiyana dzakavakwa pahwaro muenzaniso uyu. Nokuti nguva dzose takabudisa anenge 827 zviuru. Mumarori idzi. motokari idzi zvaishandiswa munyika kudzorera nyika upfumi. It yakatsiviwa žil-164, yaiva anoita zvakafanana mune marongerwo uye magadzirirwo.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti muSoviet Union kugadzirwa yakanyikwa, kuChina uye dzimwe nyika yakabereka zis-150, pavanoteka nyika idzi akamuka pasi rezinesi. Production hwakagadzwa muRomania, uye muna China zvakanga chimwe chezvinhu dzakakurumbira mumarori. Saka, takawana kunyanya Soviet zis 150.