Motokari dzinotakura: mutengo uye kutakura kwekoro

Mumunda wekufambisa kwemazuva ano, motokari yekutakura ndiyo imwe yenzira dzekufambisa uye dzakanakisisa dzekutakura mitoro. Izwi rokuti "ngoro" rinobva kune zita rekare reGermany rainzi ngoro huru yekutakura zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinhu. Mune manzwiro emazuva ano iyo yakafukidzirwa nemotokari yemotokari, semi-trailer kana mumigwagwa-chitima chekutakura zvinhu zvakawanda, izvo zvinorongedzwa nehuwandu uye kutakura simba. Kusimudza kukwanisa kwegorosi kunobva pane zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakadai sokugadzira, nhamba yeasles, zvinyorwa.

Trailers uye semitrailers

Iyo ngarava imotokari isiri-self-propelled inotarisirwa kutfambisa nemotokari yekuzvidzivirira (teregi tori). Izvo zvakakamurwa kuita makirasi matatu: matarairi ane nhamba yeesles kubva kubva kuna 1 kusvika ku6, semi-trailer pasina sironi yepamberi neyavatengesi-kusagadzikana kwematoro akawanda. Kubva pane iyo nzvimbo, kune marudzi mazhinji emakororo uye semitrailers: akafukidzirwa, akazaruka, kurutivi, mapuratifomu, firiji, matori emarara,

Pasi pose, kugadzirwa kwevatengesi vemotokari yose kunoumba muviri, kusimiswa, bhenekeri uye kushandiswa kwechigadzirwa. Ngarava yacho inonamirwa pamotokari inodonha yemotokari yemotokari kuburikidza nesimbi yakanyanyisa (drawbar) yemhando dzakasiyana. Semitrailers inotakuriswa nemotokari dzakasungirirwa dzakagadzirwa netsika dzokucheka (sardles). Nokudaro zita remotokari - motori terekta. Apo gurakiti kana semi-trailer yakabatanidzwa nemotokari yemotokari, chivako chose chinonzi gwara regwagwa (ngoro).

Mhando dzemhando dzematokari nemakororo

Izwi uye kutakura simba remotokari kunobva mavara uye mararamiro:

• Semitrailer. Rudzi rwakakurumbira. Inokodzera kutakura zvinhu zvakawanda zvekutakura. Zvichienderana nechinangwa chemuviri chinokubvumira kuti uite nekukanda uye udzikinure kubva kumusoro, kurutivi uye shure. Inobatsira kubvira kubva 60 kusvika 92 m ³ . Kutakura simba remotokari tani makumi maviri, asi zvichienderana neatakiti, chirongwa chekugadzirisa uye nhamba yeesxles inogona kuva 25 tani kana kupfuura.
• Firiji. Semi-trailer yekutakura zvinhu zvinoparara, izvo zvinotarisirwa nehurumende yekupisa. Yakagadziriswa nekugadziriswa kunogona kuchengetedza kutaridzika kwakasimba mumakiromita makumi maviri nemashanu kubva ku25 C kusvika -25 ⁰ C. Maererano nehuwandu hwemafuta anoshandiswa mukushanda kwefriji yefriji, kushandiswa kwema-semi-trailer-firiji kunodhura zvakanyanya ne 10-25% zvichienzanisa nemamwe marudzi emakori. Iko mukati mekutakura inzwi inobva 60 kusvika 92 m ³ . Kutakura kukwanisa kwegori-firiji kunosvika 12-22 tani.
• Ngaraira ine trailer (makorisi) igori rakagadzirwa nemumwe kana kupfuura. Iko inobatsira yemotokari yakadaro-kubatanidza inogona kubva pane 60 kusvika 160 m ³ . Kubatana hakukodzeri kutakura kwemahombekombe akareba, kubatsirwa kunokonzerwa nekukanda uye kununura. Kuwanda kwekutakura-kutakura kwekoro-kubatana kunosvika matani 25, asi kune yakajairika cubature trailer-terenda 115-120 m ³ kukosha uku hakudari matani 18 nekuda kwezvakagadzirwa.
• Mafurati emitoro yakaremara uye yakawandisa, kuvaka neyemhando dzakagadzirwa. Kutakura kukwanisa kwengoro 40 mamita uye pamusoro. Mamwe mavara emapuratifomu anogona kumira kuyerwa kwematani mazana maviri.

Tilt semitrailer

Eurotents, eurofuries - yakatsinhanisa semi-trailer, iyo inonyanya kukosha yemotokari yekutakura zvinhu. Iyo yakakosha inoshandiswa inhengo yomuviri wepasi rose. Kana zvichidikanwa, denga, chimiro, bhondi inogona kubviswa, iyo inobvumira kutakurwa / kununura kubva kumusoro, kubva kune rumwe rutivi uchishandisa magwenga uye nzira dzakakosha dzokusimudza. Mune chimiro chekugadzirisa uye skeleton yakabviswa, inogona kushandiswa senzvimbo yakazaruka. Kureba kwebhodi iri 30-50 cm. Kukura uye maumbirwo eurofury zvakasimirirwa pakuteerera kwepa pallets (pallets ne cargo) mumitsara miviri muhupamhi. Mubhuku rinobatsira, zvichienderana nehupamhi hwemutiro, unosvika 92 m ³ . Kutakura kwekutakura neEurofuries, muzvinhu zvakawanda zvichienderana nekugadzirisa kwayo, ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa yekutakura vatengesi. Kutakura kukwanisa kwengoro kusvika pamatani 25.

Isotherms uye Refrigerators

Yakagadzirirwa kutakura zvokudya zvinoshandiswa, kushandiswa kwemasvomisitiri, zvimwe zvipimo zvinoda kuchengetedzwa kweimwe mitambo yekushanda, kupisa kwemafuta kubva munzvimbo. Isotherm uye firiji zvinogona kuva semaserilers, matarairi uye musara usina mavara motokari. Kutakura kwegorosi kunobva pakuvakwa kwetrailer (semitrailer), iyo ndiyo mashoma, uye inokwanisa kusvika matani 25.

Isothermal semi-trailers havakwanisi firiji yavo, asi nekuda kwekupisa kwemafuta zvinokwanisa kuchengetedza kutonhora mukati memugodhi yemotokari kwenguva yakareba. Firiji ngoro kunze kwekushongedzwa kwemafuta zvinokonzerwa nehutano hwavo hwekugadzirisa. Zvechokwadi, mafiriji anofamba mafiriji refrigerators (vabatiri). Inokodzera kutfambiswa kwemiti yakadzika.

Furas yakawanda

Iyo yakawanda inotakura kukwanisa kwengoro yekodha huru yakaderera kupfuura yeyero yakazara ye euro, asi panguva imwechete iyo inobatsira yakawanda yakareba zvikuru.

Rudzi urwu runosanganisira:

• Autotrains-couplers in volume kubva 110 kusvika 125 m ³ .
• MEGA migwagwa yemigwagwa yakasangana nemakwikwi akadzika pasi uye kumusoro (3.0-3.1 m).
• Semitrailer izwi guru Jumbo. Iyo simba rinowedzera nokuda kweguru rakafanana neL. Pamusana peizvi, kureba kwose kwekamuri yemotokari mushure merailer iri pasi pamakumbo ekuderedza kwemazana. Bhuku: 96-125 m ³ , kusimudza simba kusvika pamatani makumi maviri.

Kukanganisa kwehupamhi uye huwandu hwezvitima mumugwagwa munyika

Iyo yakareba yakareba inotenderwa uye yakawanda yemigwagwa yemugwagwa inobvumirwa muNordic nyika (Finland neSweden ndiyo yekutanga). Mitsara inotenderwa inosvika matani makumi matanhatu ekudzivirira kuyerwa (motokari yemugwagwa + nematoro) uye kusvika 25.25 m kureba, asi iyo yakareba kusvika mamiriyoni 160. Munyika idzi, zvitima zvinoshandiswa, izvo zvinosanganisira tori tarekta, imwe yemata-trailer uye imwe 2-axle trailer.

Iyo yakawanda inogamuchirwa kuvhara kwehutachire yechitima chemasimita matanhatu mumakwikwi eCIS mamiriyoni 38, munyika yeUnited States - tani 44. Kureba kwemasimitira muNorth America nyika haifaniri kunge inopfuura 16.15 m, upamhi - 2.6. Maitiro akafanana akaenzana anoshandiswa muEurope, asi kureba kunotenderwa hakusi kupfuura 13.6 m.