Kapoka Temberi Horus pa Edfu - shongwe vakatakura kwebudiriro munguva yeIjipiti yekare

Temberi yekare Egypt yakavakwa kuti kunamata vanamwari, zvikuru masayendisiti munyika yose. Zvose kwave akaurayiwa maererano nezvitendero vagari.

Zvivako hwakawanda huripo dzechitendero vade Zvaifadza nhamba revashanyi, saka ava kuziva zvekare budiriro.

Excellent akachengetedzwa Chivako

Nyaya nhasi yedu ichanyanya pamusoro akakura temberi zvakanaka vachengetedzwe, rakamiswa kumaodzanyemba yeEgipita. Chechipiri pakukura rechitendero kunzwisisa yakatsaurirwa kuna mwari pamwechete nomusoro norukodzi Horus (Horus). Ndizvo zvayo yekare mapurani yatorwa muenzaniso pamasikiro muEgipita imba Moscow Museum of Arts Akanaka ainzi pashure Pushkin.

Temberi Horus pana Edfu rakaonekwa muna 1860 neboka French matongo rwendo vachitungamirirwa O. Marieta. Muchengeti mukamuri revaIjipiti Louvre akaita basa guru rokuchenesa marongerwo kudzorerwa kwaro.

Mira mutemberi makore anopfuura 180 okuberekwa

temberi iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha nhoroondo Zvivako yeIjipiti yekare. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti mukutanga musi pakurigadzira raiva 237 BC, uye kuvakwa akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze paitonga ari Ptolemaic yose youmambo uye kwakatora anenge 180 makore.

All temberi yeIjipiti yekare kwaisanganisira pamusoro chaiwo zvinhu zvakanga zvagara zvinowanika mune tsika nguva New Kingdom. Tsvene rwakazvitsaurira kuna Horus, rakavakwazve kakawanda, uye kunyange weRoma Augustus aite nadzurudzo chetemberi.

chivakwa akitekicha

Kumativi maviri pamukova ndiyo hombe shongwe iyo vaiona yechipiri pakukura muIjipiti. Uchiteverwa pachena-mhepo chivanze, takapoteredzwa rusvingo duku, vakabata rwevanhu hearings, uye vagari vemo vakaratidza zvichemo zvavo uye zvichemo.

Pavanopinda kutemberi Horus muna Edfu inomira munhu-mita matatu chifananidzo chamwari ari muchimiro norukodzi Yakacherwa unyanzvi nemhizha akagadzirwa dema girenayiti. Kuburikidza vakatsigira mbiru dzimba vane mifananidzo yezvibayiro, nzira nhema chikuru tsvene mune chifananidzo huMwari. Paiva chete vakabvuma kuti vapristi huru Farao.

Akashongedzwa mifananidzo paupenyu hwaMwari masvingo uye ceilings

Internal uye kwokunze madziro akashongedzwa mifananidzo yokuberekwa Horus (Horus) pamberi vamwe vamwari tsika yekare muEgipita, muchato pamwe Hathor, kuberekwa Harsomta mwanakomana, kunetsana pamwe zvakafanana simba mwari Seti , uye kumukunda, uye kugadza mubati wenyika. Mukuwedzera, vanogona kuverenga gwaro iri kwayo kuvakwa temberi, zvinyorwa uye kuona nekarenda vemo.

High, anopfuura 37-mita yakakwirira ceilings etemberi vari akashongedzwa nemifananidzo mutongi uto Ptolemy VIII zvikamu, iyo anotarira mwari reHori wenyika.

Zvinokosha kuti vatambi sayenzi

Zvinyorwa tsvene sculpted reliefs vari zvikuru nokuda nyanzvi dzemitauro veIjipiti, sezvo dzinomirira mukuru muunganidzwa Character yeGirisi Roman kumwedzi.

Ndivo mazita emabhuku pakuvaka, nezvenyeredzi, jogirafi akawanikwa, izvo zvaishandiswa navaEgipita. Entries decipher zvinoreva kukura chivakwa yakaitwa yokureva ngano nyaya yakavanzika. Zvinozivikanwa kuti kugadzwa temberi raishandiswa sezvikonzero bhuku Imhotep, mubasa rokuvaka guva raFarao Djoser. Uyewo rinorondedzera Quick kuita blends rusenzi uye kusvuta zvinoshandiswa munguva pachivande mitambo.

The huru tsvene

Panoperera temberi akapoteredzwa gumi makamuri tsvene girenayiti, rinosanganisira mwari nyaya iyo nevaGiriki kuzvibatanidza Apollo. Varanda vake kuwacha, uzodze nezvinonhuhwira, akapfeka uye vakagamuchira. Kuti paiva nenzvimbo tsika chibayiro. Kamwe ari girenayiti guva raiva Rook Asingagumi Mountain.

Kupendwa zvechitendero dingindira makamuri kunhivi tsvene chifananidzo waisanganisira munamato mukamuri, uye vamwe vavo vakanga vakazvitsaurira kuna Osiris.

Conjugal kushanya Hathor chifananidzo

Varanda mutemberi Dendera, wainamata Hathor, mumwe zhizha akatuma chifananidzo zvaro muchikepe pakuzvichenesa rinokosha riri pakati Aswan uye Luxor Edfu (Ijipiti). Saka mukadzi wake ndokukuvadza conjugal kushanya murume Mount vadiwa. Uye umwe usiku vapristi vakanga vasara voga vamwari zvikuru.

kunozivikanwa nzvimbo

The zvinoorora Temberi Horus pana Edfu, kakawanda kuvakwazve munguva kubva III kuna I remakore BC, yakavakwa pamusoro kunozivikanwa nzvimbo. Maererano nengano, mwari ashungurudzwa Pakafa baba vake Osiris uye vaida kutsiva pamusoro kurwiswa anonyengera. Ndiyo apo kurwa kwakaitika Horus Seti, izvo yakahwina uye vaichengetedza Farao.

Chokwadi ndechokuti temberi yakaisvonaka uye kwazvo - kwete kutanga yakavakwa munharaunda yacho. Wokutanga waiva kwakajairika kuvaka kari yakarukwa kubva uswa, uye Penultimate, zvinooneka vakaderera kukura, yakaunganidzwa pamwechete sandstone.

Temberi Horus pa Edfu somunhu mapurani Monument uye wekare nhoroondo vakakodzera kufarirwa revashanyi kubva pasi pose, kutambura munguva vanafarao zvikuru uye zvinoshamisa mapiramidhi. Zvakakwana temberi akachengetedzwa kufukidzwa zvakawanda zvakavanzika zvizvarwa kuziva aparadzwe pemarudzi.