ISO - chii ichi? ISO

ISO - remarudzi nemasangano, iyo yakavapo muna 1947. Chinangwa charo kutanga mitemo renyika zvinhu uye mabasa. Ngationgororei nzvimbo iyi - sangano pacharo, kudiwa nokuvapo - uye funga kuti anoita.

ISO - ndiko kuti musangano?

Nhasi inoitwa 157 nhengo vari vamiririri venyika dzakasiyana (mumwe kubva neimwe). Russia akabatana neDare (STRUCTURAL chikwata anotenda kuzvidzora) sangano muna 2007.

The zvezvinotaurwa ISO anofukidza munzvimbo dzose, kunze zvemagetsi uye magetsi engineering, iyo anobata International Electrotechnical Commission. Vamwe basa rave akaita mune Joint Operation.

mamiriro

ISO rinoumbwa yedare miviri uye vashandi.

Pakati rokutanga zvinotevera nhengo vanobatanidzwa.

1. General Assembly. Inoitwa machinda gungano, vanogadzwa nomudzimu matare.
2. The Board anoronga basa pakati purogiramu yacho General Assembly. Anogona kutungamirira mibvunzo mumatare uye kupa kuti kuagadzirisa. Zvisarudzo inonwiwa vazhinji kuvhota vanhu vose vaivapo. The pasi muviri 7 vari makomiti.
3. Technical nhungamiro Bureau.

The kushanda miviri ndiyo inotevera STRUCTURAL dzakabatana.

1. Technical Makomiti. Pakati pavo: Plaka - waishandiswa hofisi iyo anogadzirira vaitaura kuti ISO basa kuronga. Stuckey kusora zvesayenzi nenheyo Standardization uye kubatsira ruzivo kuti Council, nokugadzira zvinodiwa dzakawanda mitemo. Chikomo kuongorora zvinoenderana nezvibereko uye mabasa, famba tsika panyaya iyi uye inoongorora nayo. DEVCO anobatsira dzichiri kusimukira, dzichiri Standardization audzwa. COPOLCO - Committee iri nevatengi dziviriro, ari kudzidza zvinoita kusimudzira kwavari, kuburikidza pakatanga Standardization sangano. Remco, sezvo komiti mureza ivhu, sangano rinopa rubatsiro methodological.
2. Subcommittees.
3. Technical Advisory mapoka.

zvinodiwa

Sezvo ISO ariko, yakataurwa International Organization for Standardization. To warakapera vakaburitsa anenge 14,000 ivhu, izvo Inoenderana zvakasiyana ruzivo uye kugadzirwa kwendangariro. Izvi zvinoshanda tsika sectors (zvokurima, kuvaka, mutengi nhumbi, zvokurapa midziyo, nezvimwewo), uye mapazi matsva (digitaalinen yeEncoding, yepamusorosoro ruzivo uye zvakafanana).

ISO zvinodiwa - kuwedzera zvinosiyana musika kuitika. Kana pane kudiwa, vamiririri upi bazi pasi kushanda kuitira kuti yakakodzera mureza yakazokudziridzwa. Mushure Nokubvumira chikumbiro rwunotumirwa hwokugadzira komiti mamwe basa. It rinoumbwa vamiririri indasitiri, vakaratidza chido chavo kukudziridza mureza. Namarudzi tendero chirongwa vaunze nhaurirano, uye ipapo pakupedzisira kutora vhoti.

Zvinonyanyozivikanwa vanoonekwa zvaanoda ISO 9000 uye ISO 14000. Vose zvinogona kushandiswa masangano akasiyana, pasinei nokuti vari kuita chero basa.

Standard 9000 uye 14000

Somuenzaniso, nhamba ISO 9000 - mwero kuti anoita yepamusoro utariri. Kundoitora kupinda kugadzirwa pakutevedzera zvakakodzera ano, uye managerial matanho kuti rigadzirise uye anovimbisa yepamusoro zvinhu uye mabasa.

ISO 14000 rinomiririra kudzorwa mureza kuchengeteka kwezvakatipoteredza. Anofanira kuunza kushoma zvinokonzerwa zvakatipoteredza uye kushanda kuwedzera hwokugadzira kuchengeteka okuwana.

Kubva pane zvinodiwa izvi?

Zvinonzi kunzwisisa kuti hapana mitemo izvi haisi runovimbisa yepamusoro uye vakachengeteka. Ivo chete kukurudzira sangano kushandisa utariri gadziriro iyo kuzadzisa optimum unhu uye kunovimbisa yakanakisisa kuchengeteka.

Kana kufunga ISO 9000 kwakaratidza zvimwe zvinotaurwa management yepamusoro. Vakuru kodzero kuzvishandisa kusarudza zvakanaka wemuTesitamende vachida. Ngationei kudzidza navo.

misimboti

№ 1. Funga mutengi. Panyaya iyi, sangano anoedza kunzwisisa zvinodiwa vatengi vavo uye edza kusangana navo nenzira dzose kuitira kuti kunyange kusapfuudza zvinotarisirwa. Kuti izvi:

• kuongorora zvinodiwa;
• chinja nzira;
• dzika Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri date Kupfuudzwa marongedzero zvinodiwa vashandi vose;
• kudzidza mutengi kugutsikana chigadzirwa;
• kutanga kwegadziriro noukama makasitoma;
• edza tisvike pachiyero pakati vatengi uye nevamwe.

Number 2. Vatungamiri aronge yokuvira zvinangwa uye zvinangwa, zvinopa mukana wose kuti kuzadzisa. Nokuti musoro ichi:

• It inorangarira zvido vashandi vose;
• Anoona remangwana sangano;
• zvinangwa uye zvinangwa;
• Inopa zvakavanzika mumhepo wekambani;
• Rinopa zvakafanira zviwanikwa kuti nokudzidziswa;
• basa;
• Rinokurudzira vashandi.

3. Kuita uwandu mapuranga. People - ichi chinhu icho kunobva chero basa. Kana vashandi zvinobatanidzwa munyaya wekambani, zvinoita munhu zvikuru simba, uye vashandi kupfuura zvinoratidza matarenda avo. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, akapa maererano zvaidiwa dzakawanda mitemo, umo:

• vashandi vanoziva zvavo mupiro vari kuita mabasa;
• kunzwisisa mitemo yose;
• vanofanira;
• kuedza kuvandudza unyanzvi;
• kugoverana zviitiko uye ruzivo vakawana;
• kukurukura matambudziko nokukurumidza.

Number 4. kusvika nokushanda kwacho pakati peboka kuedza kumisa zvokuti chinova chinhu chikuru. Kuti aite izvi, akapa zvinhu zvakadai:

• It inorondedzera mabasa vaifanira kuzadzisa zvabuda;
• Inoramba zvinyorwa kushanda uye mitoro vashandi;
• Chinotaura pamusoro ezvinhu chokuita chinoumba mabasa;
• vanofungidzirwa Impact.

№ 5. Management kutaura. Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kunyatsoshanda kunoitwa mune iyi ne hurongwa. Kuti aite izvi, boka anoita zvinotevera zviito:

• kushanda STRUCTURAL nyaya;
• anovandudza intrasystemic kudyidzana;
• nokururamisira allocates basa;
• anoitisa Executive kuti kubvira pakutanga kusvikira pakuguma;
• Kusimudzira kushanda zvenhengo dzinoongorora basa.

Number 6. Zviito zvainanga kuramba kuvandudzika zvinotevera:

• ichi- Unganatsiridza chigadzirwa kana service yakapiwa;
• dzidzisa vashandi;
• kuvandudza waivako uye kushanda kuti ose kubatana wekambani;
• kufungidzira hwokurara matanho;
• nezvezvichaitwa zvabuda.

№ 7. chaiko kusvika. Pfungwa iyi inoratidza anotevera:

• ongororo mashoko;
• zvichiita svikika;
• ongororo;
• Zvisarudzo nezviito anoritsanangura.

Number 8. mose ukama. Muchiitiko chino, iwe unofanira zvinotevera:

• kuisa pakati nepakati nezvinangwa pfupi uye refu;
• ari pooling mari;
• kuona nevadiwa kiyi uye basa navo;
• mashoko Exchange;
• kuvaka vagari zvirongwa.

ISO 9000 yakatanga muna 1994. Inoitwa dzakatevedzana 9001, 9002, 9003. Gare gare ivo vakawedzera mumwe 9001: 2000 uye 9004: 2000. Panguva iyoyo, pane gumi mitemo, iyo Mapoka pachavo kusarudza kupfuura akakodzera pavo.

kudiwa kuronga

Certification mutemo unoti kana yokuzvidira. Unhu kutarisirwa Hurongwa chinhu zvakanaka kunzwisisa muitiro, uye hazvina zvakakodzera kuti makambani ose. Izvi dzakawanda zvaanoda nokukoshesa vari akakodzera makambani kuti kutsvaka:

• Unganatsiridza chigadzirwa;
• kuunza imwe optimum chechetere utariri hurongwa;
• systematize gwaro rino;
• uvandudze mufananidzo;
• kuti vabudirire zvikomborero makwikwi;
• kufambisa kutyora;
• kwezva zvakakomba nebhizimisi;
• kugamuchira Zvinorayirwa makambani vatorwa.

Kugadzirira advertising

Mamaneja kwacho inofanira akaiswa pasi hwakagadzwa dzakawanda mitemo. Kunyatsoongorora nyika yaivapo angava kwakakwana, uye munhanganyaya idzva haisi zvakakodzera. Good zvakakwana kushanda STRUCTURAL kuchinja. Nokuti vamwe masangano anoda kwazvo nokubatanidzwazve, nepo vamwe - chete kuita zvimwe kuchinja. The Hurongwa inovakwa maererano zvinangwa zvakajeka. The makambani vaite zvinhu zvavo pachavo kana vakakokwa Consulting sangano iri.

Anotevera ndiwo okusuma yaiona mitemo.

1. Kumisa zvinangwa.
2. Kuziva zvavaitarisira.
3. Kudzidza mitemo.
4. Kusarudza mumwe wavo.
5. Diagnostics Management System.
6. Ziva pezvakaitwa chokuita chokuendesa zvigadzirwa kuti vatengi.
7. Development chawakaronga mabasa.
8. Musimboti woupenyu hwavo.
9. yakazvimirira Maonero wegadziriro.
10. Pedzisai odhita kuwana ISO advertising.
11. Akaramba uvandudze management enyika.

Miviri, certifiers

Tinofanira kunzwisisa kuti sangano iri ISO haarambi kubuda bvunzo basa uye asingauyi ngaateme ISO vaipupurirwa. Zvinonzi paaivatambudza kukura avaiita. Uye zvose kuMudzidzisi nzira kuti ongororo dzomunyika unhu mitemo kuitwa nemasangano aizivikanwa zviri pamutemo. Izvi zvinoitwa munyika apo kambani ine rokutengesa kufarira.

GOST uye ISO

The hwaro muite advertising kuRussia ndivo GOST nemitemo. ISO, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, ndiyo hwaro yokuzvidira advertising. Zvisinei, nokuti harmonization unyanzvi murau hurongwa hwagadzwa, pfungwa dzakawanda mitemo. GOST ISO vanosarudza avo makambani kuti pfungwa kwete chete pane wechipfuwo zvipfuwo kumusika, asiwo kunze. Vamwe vanodavira kuti ndiyo nzira iyi anoumba munhu tinyatsokwanisa nemasangano zvokutengeserana.