How zvakaitika CRR? Kuvaka Ring Road - vanoronga

Mumakore gumi, musimboti rin'i mugwagwa achava woshanda zvizere kumativi muguta Moscow. Kuvaka Ring Road kwave aronga neDare RF Hurumende 2001, asi chete yakatanga muna 2014.

Zvinoitwa Ring Road

Kureba kwayo uchava mashanu namakumi maviri namapfumbamwe km upamhi - kubva mana nemasere Lanes. It ichaitwa muMoscow kure makumi maviri nemashanu kusvika makumi matanhatu nemashanu makiromita. Mugwagwa vachapiwa vakagadzirira pamwe itsva otomatiki motokari kudzora hurongwa, vachiongorora Nhepfenyuro nokuti Meteorological zvivako nokuda helicopters, kutsanya kukurukurirana zvivako, vanogara munzvimbo uye mugwagwa basa. Daily CRR anogona skip to makumi manomwe - makumi masere zviuru motokari. Speed muganhu mumugwagwa achava zana nemakumi matatu makiromita paawa.

Vaimbove Moscow Region Gavhuna Boris Gromov akadana Ring Road vanenge chinodiwa kuti zvoupfumi chimurenga mudunhu.

Kupi uye CRR sei kuchaitika? Sei muripo kufamba, uye chii chichaitika tarmac? Izvi uye nemimwe mibvunzo ino kunoratidza.

Nei CRR?

nzira iyi inobatsira munzira dzakawanda.

For Moscow, izvo basa pamberi kutumirwa, huchashandira kuti achaswedera dzimwe inorema uye dzaifanoiswa motokari. Saka, Moscow vachasunungurwa. Ring Road muna Moscow nharaunda achaswedera pamusoro zvaiuya dzimwe nharaunda. Nokuda kuwandisa kwemotokari mumigwagwa muguta guru, simba zvikuru.

Achiri ari nani aizova Moscow nharaunda. CRR podza betonku diki zvachose. Uye kumadokero chikamu - uye vakawanda betonku zvakare, mugwagwa chikamu pakati Ring Road uye Ring Road. Nemhaka Ring Road muna Moscow nharaunda vachava mabasa matsva mazana maviri, izvo zvichaita aivabatsira zvikuru ezvinhu vagari Moscow nharaunda, uyo zuva kuenda kuMoscow kunoshanda.

Nokuti Russia, achibatsirwa basa ichi kuumba Chord mugwagwa, remangwana ITC - dzakawanda senga corridors. Kuvaka Ring Road pachazovakwa vavakezve wandei pamusoro batana mikuru. Uye pashure makore mashoma nyika achakwanisa zvakazara kuwana dzaifanoiswa. Nokuti awana ikozvino dzaifanoiswa muzana shanu chete kuti zvaizova chokwadi. Tiri kutaura mari wepagore anosvika maviri rubles nehafu tiririyoni. Izvi achasika mazana ezviuru mabasa matsva, uye vachavawo nzvimbo akanakira mari mu yokucheneswa uye logistics.

Pedyo kumatunhu munharaunda Moscow, izvo zvichaita chehondo Ring Road, zvichabatsirawo, nokuti achawedzera kumhanya kufamba uye motokari makachengeteka. Sangano kwenhumbi muRussia achaparadzwa kubudiswa dzichimhanya uye isingadhuri, uye makwikwi zvezvipfuwo zvinhu kuchawedzera.

Wadii yagadziridza chiduku betonku?

Pane zvinhu zvinoverengeka akasiyana mirairo sei kupfuura CRR uye nei kwakasarudzwa kwete vakiridza mugwagwa A-107 uye A-108, riri dzakakurumbira anonzi "tarmac". Zvikonzero izvi zvisarudzo vachakuudza mberi.

Social kunokonzera erection CRR

Chekutanga, zvose migwagwa munzvimbo dzakawanda achipfuura mumaguta uye maguta. Small betonka ichipfuura Bronnitsy, Noginsk, Zvenigorod, Elektrostal nemamwe maguta. Building pairi vari chinhambwe mashanu namakumi mamita. Munguva vavakezve mugwagwa aizofanira kuvaka bypasses kumativi kana kudzikinura pfuma Developers munguva pfupi pedyo nomugwagwa. Asi kunyange kana tikaita izvi, kunenge yakawanda vanhu vasingagutsikani vanogara mudzimba pedyo uye dzakamanikidzwa kutsungirira pedyo nomugwagwa mukuru.

Zvisinei, paivakwa itsva mugwagwa pakati Ring Road, pasinei nesimba vagadziri pakuvaka detours, vasingagoni kunzvenga dambudziko munyika kutora, apo vanhu vanorarama. Pane vakasarudza kuenda kuti "Sochi" uye nzira yokushandisa nokukurumidza uye itsanangudzo muitiro kuti caffeine kuti mamiriro zvinodiwa. Muripo chichaitwa panguva pamusika mitengo.

Technical zvikonzero

Nokuti zvivanakire dzaifanoiswa mumugwagwa nokukurumidza anofanira yakakwirira somunhu zana namakumi matatu zana namakumi mashanu makiromita paawa uye yokutanga michina muchikwata yacho. Ekupedzisira chinoreva muchinyatsongwarira zvinodiwa chokuita longitudinal yakatenuka, curvature, noupamhi pamafudzi uye zvichingodaro. Zvisinei, kunyange chiduku kana chikuru betonka haagoni kuzvirumbidza zvaidiwa dzakadaro. Kuti tichingamidze pamusoro mitemo, zvingava zvakakodzera kuvakazve mugwagwa zvachose.

CMI mumugwagwa MBC (zviduku kongiri ubvise) ndivo chete muchikwata rwechitatu norwechina, longitudinal gradients mune dzimwe nzvimbo kupfuura makumi mana kubva muzana. Ivo muzvizhinji kuti panosangana, junctions uye displacements. Naizvozvo, vavakezve mugwagwa hachiratidzi zvakakodzera.

The kuronga uye kuvakwa dzomumaguta zvikonzero CRR

Sezvo Moscow nharaunda mugwagwa arambe achirema dererei nenguva anopfuura mana zvichienzaniswa nyika dzokuEurope, zviri nani zvikuru kuti migwagwa miviri, mumwe izvo uchava toziva emo, uye mumwe achava dzaifanoiswa, apo zvichiita kuti kutyaira panguva kumhanya. Zvikasadaro, nezuva iroro mugwagwa vaifanira vose omunharaunda uye dzaifanoiswa mugwagwa chokufambisa, uye nemakanzuru vaiita nematarakita anofamba kumuduku mumwe mugwagwa weheavy-dzakawanda. Uyezve, vakawanda panosangana uye haazotaurwizve betonok aifanira kana vakiridza kana kubvisa. Ndokusaka Somuenzaniso, chikamu reconstructed mugwagwa, iyo ichava CRR, vaimudana "Zvenigorodskiy kufamba" vachava Lanes mana paupamhi uye vane michina muchikwata wechipiri.

Chii chakamirira kongiri-dzakatanga mugwagwa uye njanji kuyambuka pamusoro pavo?

Uye zviduku kongiri ubvise vacharamba vakasununguka migwagwa, izvo kazhinji kuti dzakatakura vemo motokari. Pane chechetere kuyambuka ichavakwa overpasses. overpasses aya dzinenge dzakavakwa White Columns uye Alabino mumugwagwa A-107.

Rokuvaka dzimwe overpasses muna Lipitino, Sharapova Hunting uye Lviv pamusoro chete mumugwagwa. Chaitevera vari njanji kuyambuka ari Golitsyno uye Yurove pamusoro tarmac diki uye Dorokhovo - pamusoro guru. kuvaka kwavo akaronga kusvikira 2020.

mari CRR

Pakutanga, mutengo chirongwa ranged kubva mazana matatu namakumi matatu namakumi mashanu bhiriyoni rubles. Zvisinei, nhamba idzi dzinofanira kudzokororwa chokuita Ruble Gengi.

CRR iri mari kubva mumabhuku matatu:

• Map kubva batana bhajeti.
• NWF (National Welfare Fund).
• Zvinoreva concessionaires uye makambani.

Mumakore 2014 uye 2015, "mikuru," anofanira kuwanikwa kubva National Welfare Fund zvinopfuura makumi matatu namasere bhiriyoni rubles, izvo vachaenda wokutanga uye wechishanu zvikamu mugwagwa. The chakazoitwa pashure kwemamiriro zvibvumirano pamwe private makambani. zvikamu ava pedyo nepedyo. Vari wokumavirira uye kumaodzanyemba mativi Moscow utambanudzire mazana matatu nemanomwe makiromita. Mari wokuronga izvi zvichava pamusoro makumi mana nemapfumbamwe, uye vanopfuura makumi mana mabhiriyoni maviri rubles, ukuwo.

Vazhinji mari mugwagwa ichi kubhadharwa nehurumende, makumi maviri nezvishanu kubva muzana - "Stroytransgaz" uye kubva gumi kusvika gumi nemana muzana mari private zvakarurama yemakambani.

SWF mari vakaronga kushandisa kuvaka mugwagwa pamuuyu 2013. Zvisinei, gare gare gore kwakasarudzwa kubatanidza mabhanga makuru mari iyi uye nezvimwe zvirongwa. I yaingoda Gazprombank uye akatenga zvisungo "Avtodor" pamusoro NWF mari. zano iri rakatoshandurirwa chinozoiswa wokuRussia Railways, apo basa anotenga vachifarira VTB Bank.

Kwete asi kunyatsopedzerana mubvunzo sei chichabviswa inotsigirwa yechitatu uye wechina zvikamu, kureba iri anenge mazana maviri makiromita, uye mari - vanopfuura bhiriyoni zana namakumi mashanu rubles. Nepo muzvikamu izvi kukwikwidza.

runofarira

Kudzidza zvakaitika Ring Road, unogona kuonekwa racho mepu. Nyore kuchaitawo kusangomanikidzira mepu iri Yandex-mepu.

Nharaunda yose, izvo zvichaita chehondo Central Ring Road muna Moscow nharaunda, rakakamurwa shanu kanda zvivako kana maeka gumi. Pakati wechitatu uye mugove wechishanu kunosvika PC urefu makiromita anopfuura mashanu, nokuti nzira iyo constructs GC "mikuru". Nzvimbo iyi zvisiri pokutangira zvivako.

Zvinonzi akaronga kuti yakavakwa mumatanho maviri CRR. Scheme zviri sezvinotevera.

Danho 1

Chikamu chokutanga kuvakwa rinofanira kupedzwa 2018. Panguva ino, tinofanira akavaka zvikamu gumi matanhatu, pova rin'i ine Kureba ari matatu namakumi matatu navasere makiromita uye mamita makumi matatu nemashanu. Mhete, Ring Road izvo kuchaitika pano zvachose akagadzirwa zvakafanana duku kongiri-dzakatanga mugwagwa kana kuti A-107.

Danho 2

Danho rechipiri kuchaitika kubva 2020 kusvika 2025, panguva iyo ichavakwa kureba yasara zvikamu zvina rimwe namakumi mapfumbamwe makiromita matanhatu navanomwe metres matanhatu Lanes.

Infrastructure pamusoro Ring Road

Upamhi mugwagwa achava vaifanira vamapoka masere. Apo zvichaita piringisha nedzimwe nzira yeUnited uye romunharaunda, ivo ichavakwa multi-pamwero interchanges, mabhiriji, culverts uye overpasses. Zvinonzi aronga kuvaka matatu nemana interchanges maviri namakumi masere manomwe mabhiriji.

Nzira yakadaro yakakwirira pamwero achava anokwezva kwazvo zvakasiyana vanoita, uye logistics, uye kugadzirwa. Uchapupu kuti vari atogamuchira mubati Moscow Region vachiriita kubva makambani.

Mundima, izvo zvichaita chehondo Ring Road achapiwa kuvakwa matatu namaviri ichizadza pazviteshi, izvo zvichaita kushandisa Datenroku uye minimarkets, matatu gasi dzemapurisa, maresitorendi, cafes, nhepfenyuro basa nevasere eighteen uye Motels.

yokufamba

Mugwagwa vachapiwa kubhadharwa kwose kwose, asi wechishanu kutanga kunzwisisa, apo achapfuura nepano chikamu chiduku Betonka kana Mugwagwa A-107. The yokufamba panguva mutero pazviteshi, akavaka tichiregeredza yeUnited bhajeti, purogiramu kugadzirisa kuti In rubles maviri matatu namaviri masendi por kiromita. Kupi kukwezva private mubhizimisi, mutengo kungava kwirirei.

Nokuti vagari Moscow Region Central Ring Road vachasunungurwa.

ikoroji

Sezvo CRR zvazvingava kuwedzera, ipapo ufanane inokanganisa zvakatipoteredza ipfupi. Mwero mashanu gumi makiromita paawa uye kunowedzera choutsi kuti kagumi kupfuura pamwero makumi matanhatu kusvika makumi masere makiromita paawa.

Zviya, ko Central Ring Road, hazvizovi kubata nehwemweya nezvimwewo kudzivirirwa, saka chaiwo Environmental Impact kuongororwa haisi rinorambidzwa.

Zvisinei, basa racho rakanga paruzhinji kwezvakatipoteredza review, iyo wakapindwa pamusoro masayendisiti-zvipenyu.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti mundima, izvo zvichaita chehondo CRR achacheka miti zana muzana zvachose nzvimbo Moscow nharaunda. Panzvimbo aronga compensatory yokudyara pamiti yose.

Uyezve, kokutanga mudzimba mugwagwa chivakwa akapa vasanaiwa nemvura yakachena zvakakwana, ndima mhuka uye ruzha zvipingamupinyi munzvimbo muzvivako dzinogarwa dziri pedyo.