Hondo Borodino 1812:. Zvishoma pamusoro huru

Hondo Borodino muna 1812 - Kurwa dzakapfuura zuva rimwe chete, asi wakachengetedza munhoroondo panyika pakati inokosha zviitiko zvenyika. furidza ichi Napoleon akatorwa, vachitarisira kusvika nokukurumidza kukunda Russian Empire, asi yake urongwa vakaenda neparutivi. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti hondo Borodino aiva Danho rokutanga kuwa yakakurumbira aizokunda. Chii chinozivikanwa pamusoro muhondo wakudza Lermontov mubasa rake yakakurumbira?

Hondo Borodino muna 1812: Background

Yaiva nguva apo mauto Bonaparte kuti kare vakakwanisa kukurira zvinenge zvose kuEurope, simba yamambo kuratidzwa kunyange Africa. Akasimbisa paaitaura anofungidzirwa kuti kuitira kuti nyika kwaizoita, akabva kutenga chete kudzorwa nyika yeRussia.

Kukunda nyika Russia, akaunganidza varwi, uwandu iyo vakasvika zviuru zvinenge 600 vanhu. Mauto nokukurumidza mberi kupinda mamiriro. Zvisinei, varwi Napoleon, mumwe pashure perimwe mapfumo murimi mudiki anopamba, utano hwavo hwakaramba huchiipa nokuda kwazvo nehasha okunze uye murombo muviri. Kunyange zvakadaro, kukurudzira vanhu vakaramba, zvakanga nangananga guru French.

The reropa Hondo Borodino muna 1812 vakava chikamu nzira yaishandiswa vemauto Russian. Ivo zinyekenyeke muvengi mauto ehondo duku, vakamirira nguva kuti mutsindo nokurova.

Huru muzvikamu

Hondo Borodino muna 1812 chaizvoizvo anomirira ngetani zvinosanganisira zvakawanda apesane French mauto akatendeuka yakakura nezvinhu kumativi ose. Yakanga hondo yokutanga nokuda musha Borodino, riri pamusoro 125 km kubva Moscow. On the Russian divi zvakanzi wakapindwa Jaeger hondo of Tolly, nomuvengi - redzimba Beauharnais.

Hondo Borodino muna 1812 ari kukwirira kwayo, apo hondo akatora nzvimbo Bagration flushes. Rakanga wakapindwa 15 mapoka French achaunganidza maviri Russian raitungamirirwa Vorontsov uye Neverovsky. Panguva iyi, Bagration akagamuchira paakakuvara, izvo vakamumanikidza kuti ape murayiro Konovnitsyn.

Pakazosvika nguva varwi Russian vakasiya flushes, maawa anenge 14 yakatora Hondo Borodino (1812). Pfupiso yebhuku zvimwe zviitiko: Russian wakaiswa shure Semenov pomupata, apo pane kurwisana rechitatu. Nhengo dzaro ndivo vanhu vakarwisa flushes uye kuvadzivirira. The French akagamuchira vavabatsire, iro rakava vamabhiza, riri pasi kutungamirirwa Nansouty. Achitsigira mauto eRussia vakakurumidza Uvarov kuti vatasvi vemabhiza, uye akauya pasi murayiro Cossacks Platov.

bhatiri Rajewski

Tinofanira kufunga wokupedzisira padariro chiitiko akadai Hondo Borodino (1812). Summary: Kurwa nokuti ari bhatiri Rajewski, akapinda nhoroondo se "rinda emauto French," rwakatora maawa anenge 7. Iyi nzvimbo zvechokwadi aiva guva zvakasiyana-siyana nemasoja Bonaparte vake.

Historians vachiri kuti nei hondo kweuto Russian akasiya Shevadinsky redoubt. Zvinonzi dziripowo kuti mukuru mukuru waro chinangwa kuvhura kuruboshwe parutivi kuti kuvavhiringidza muvengi afunge kubva kurudyi. Chinangwa chacho chaiva kudzivirira itsva Smolensk mugwagwa, kushandisa kuti, uto Napoleon zvaizoreva akakurumidza kusvika Moscow.

Kuponesawo yakawanda kukosha nhoroondo magwaro anojekesa nezvechiitiko akadai Hondo 1812 Hondo Borodino hunotaurwa mutsamba zvisati akatumwa pakutanga Kutuzov Russian mambo. Mukuru akaudza mambo kuti Nzvimbo (kusango) ichapa eRussia Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri nzvimbo.

Mumwe zana paminiti

Hondo Borodino (1812) zvishoma muAtlantic uye akafukidza dzakawanda zvenhoroondo dzekare, aunopiwa sokuti yaiva refu chaizvo nguva. Kutaura zvazviri, hondo yakatanga musi September 7 pa hafu apfuura shanu mangwanani, dzakapfuura isingasviki zuva. Ichokwadi akava pakati kunokonzera kuteurwa kweropa rakawanda ehondo zvose kupfupi.

Hazvina chakavanzika sei vakawanda kwakauraya Patriotic Hondo 1812. The Hondo Borodino akaita ayo ropa chikamu. The nhamba chaiwo vakafa vasingagoni haangasimbiswi kare, inonzi 80-100 zviuru. Akafira kumativi ose. Kukarukureta inoratidza kuti miniti ose pamusoro chiedza yakatumira hapana asingasviki varwi zana.

magamba

Vemauto kwakamutsa siyana zvakakodzera mbiri Hondo 1812 Hondo Borodino Chokwadi, zvakapfuudzira munhu akafanana Kutuzov. Zviya, Kutuzov panguva haina bvudzi jena mutana asina akazarura ziso rimwe asi. Panguva yehondo, akanga achiri vakasvinuka, kunyange ane kuchembera murume, uye haana kuisa ake siginicha bhandiji.

Chokwadi, Kutuzov akanga asiri oga gamba aiva nomukurumbira Borodino. Pamwe naye akaburuka munhoroondo Bagration, Rajewski, de Tolly. Sezvineiwo, vokupedzisira vavo vaiva nesimba vari muchiuto, kunyange zvazvo akanga ari munyori akangwara pfungwa kuisa kuzorwisa muvengi mauto mauto emagandanga. Maererano nengano, panguva Hondo Borodino General katatu vakarasikirwa mabhiza yakaparara pasi yakawanda zvemabhomba nemabara, asi akaramba kukuvara.

Ndiani ane kukunda

Zvichida mubvunzo uyu ndiwo mukuru chivande hondo reropa, sezvo zvaiisa chikamu mairi vane dzavo maonero pachavo panyaya iyi. French dzekare zvine chokwadi kuti vakunde kwazvo zuva iroro vakakunda mauto Napoleon vake. Masayendisiti Russian chandagwinyira neizvi, pfungwa dzavo panguva raitsigirwa ne Alexander First vachiparidza Borodino hondo zvachose mukukunda Russia. Zviya, mushure Kutuzov akanga paakavapa pachinzvimbo chevatatu Field Marshal.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti Bonaparte haana kugutsikana nemishumo kuti zvakapa vake vehondo. Kuwanda kwepfuti atora kubva Russian akanga usingashandi, uyewo nhamba vasungwa uyo kuenda mauto akanga achitora naye. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti mukundi pakupedzisira makapwanya morale muvengi.

Kuverenga pamusoro Hondo Borodino

The pamwero mukuru kurwa, yakatanga musi September 7 pedyo nomusha Borodino, mazana maviri emakore asina akafuridzirwa vanyori, vananyanduri, vanodhirowa mifananidzo, uye firimu uye nechifukidzo nayo mabasa avo. Tinogona Ungayeuka firimu "Hussar Ballad", uye mabasa inozivikanwa Lermontov, iyo yava kuchikoro.

Chii chaizvo uye chii akatendeukira Russian uye French Hondo Borodino muna 1812? Buntman, Adelman - kare ndakasika uone uye yakarurama rugwaro, ichijekesa zvakadzama kuzorwa weropa. Vatsoropodzi akarumbidza basa iri vakabuditsa ruzivo yaitonga, nezvifananidzo hondo magamba yakajeka (uye kuti, uye Ukuwo), kuburikidza iyo zviitiko zviri nyore kufungidzira zvokufungidzira. Bhuku zvechokwadi inokosha iverengwe kwevaya zvinonyatsoda munhoroondo uye zvinoitwa zvechiuto.