Guta Ages muEurope: sei zvakaita uye sei isu kufungidzira

A maitiro chepfungwa Ages raiva kukura mumaguta. Izvi wakakodzera, kunyanya, pamwe weboka vanhu kupinda evanhu mapoka uye kukura rwokugadzira. A chaiwo Ages taundi Western Europe kaiva nezvinodiwa ano, yokugara yaiva pedyo wemamongi, nhare kana Castle. Chinodiwa kuti pavakwe yokugara idzva rakanga kuvapo dura - rwizi kana dziva. Hazvibetseri Middle Ages rinofukidza rebei zvikuru nguva: kubva muzana remakore rechishanu (mangwanani Middle Ages) ne gumi (Renaissance). Maguta mazhinji 5-15 emakore ane nhare chaiyo, takapoteredzwa navanopinda mugodhi uye akavakirirwa norusvingo, izvo akabvumira kuchengeta kudzivirira munguva yokukomba, nekuti kurwa zvaiwanzoitwa nguva ino.

guta Ages European raiva nzvimbo zvinorwarisa, upenyu hwakanga tsvarakadenga zvakaoma mariri. Kana kubva kunoparadza vachirwisa ari mutorwa mauto anunura madziro marefu uye kushingaira hondo, ipapo pamusoro zvirwere ibwe masvingo vaiva simba. Kakawanda matenda mumhino mu Ages Europe, zviuru chakauraya zvavo vomunyika. A denda inogona guta isingaenzaniswi kupfuura kukuvara. Zvinogona kucherechedzwa zvinotevera zvikonzero nokukurumidza kuparadzirwa denda pakati vomuEurope pakati 5-15 emakore. Chekutanga, mamiriro mushonga nguva haana kubvumira kubata yoga akatora nemadzinza chirwere chacho. Somugumisiro, mashoko "dema rufu" kupararira, wokutanga pakati pavagere kugarwa, uye ipapo vakaenda kure kuwana denda zvikuru, uye dzimwe nguva mumwe dambudziko. Chechipiri, pasinei vashoma vagere, vanogara arambe achirema mumaguta kwave yakakwirira zvikuru. Density vanhu ndiyo yakanakisisa zvakonzerawo kupararira chirwere yava kubva munhu anorwara utano. Chechitatu, maererano nezvinodiwa nevanhu ano Ages guta raiva kuungana dongo, mhuri tsvina uye mhuka tsvina. Makanga musina utsanana, anozivikanwa kusimudzira nucleation zvirwere zvakawanda ngozi dzinoparadzirwa makonzo uye nemamwe nemakonzo diki.

Zvisinei, kuberekwa uye kuwedzera rweguta rwakange zvakwakanakira zvinhu. Saka, vakawanda vavo kwakaitika nyika guru feudal madzishe kana madzimambo. Vanhu vanogara rinoteerera muranda nzvimbo kubata upfumi, kutengeserana, kupa yakawanda mari. waiva muranda kubudirira kunobatsira "ake" guta, nekuti unorema mari aikwanisa kugamuchira mutero vagari.

Description of Ages guta

Most maguta ose Western Europe 5-15 emakore vakaverengwa kubvira 4 kusvika 10 zviuru vagari. The muguta rine vanhu anosvika mamiriyoni 4 vagari kwainzi avhareji. Kudeuka guta Ages kunyatsokwanisa kuverenga vagari 80 zviuru. Metropolises nguva kwainzi Milan, Florence, Paris. Zvikurukuru, ivo chaimbova diki vatengesi, mhizha, varwi vaiva guta vomunharaunda. A maitiro chinoratidza maguta remakore rechi12 European waiva kuwanikwa mune mumayunivhesiti izvi uye kubuda ari mudzidzi ave yoga munzanga. sangano yokutanga yakadaro akazarura ari makuru nzvimbo nguva - Oxford, Paris, Cambridge. pakuonekwa akanga chinokosha simba pamusoro pokumuka munhu nyika uye Europe yose.

Nhasi, romuMiddle guta sokuti kwatiri inosuruvarisa uye ngozi nzvimbo, apo kunyange pakupisa kwezuva zvaibvira kupupurira kupamba kana kuponda. Zvisinei, pane chinhu uchidanana munzira yakamanikana mumigwagwa maguta ekare European. How zvimwe kutsanangura kufarirwa revashanyi nevafambi chete maguta ekare akadai Sartène (Italy), Cologne (Germany), Marseille (France). Vanobvumira kuti vanoshamba kupinda kare, kuti kutiza kumhanya-mhanya yazvino "kongiri kwemasango" kuti, kunyange pfupi, rwendo kupinda kare.