vanhu vazhinji, kunyange vaya adores kwaari, haazivi mazambiringa - muchero kana michero. chirimwa ichi, pasina iro nhoroondo vanhu vaigona kuva chaizvo zvakasiyana, akura munyika dzakasiyana kwenguva inopfuura 7 zviuru. Years. Panyaya iyi, varimi havana hanya, mazambiringa - muchero kana michero. Kwavari zvakanga zvakakosha kuti akanga chaizvo anobatsira zvivako womunhu.
Description ramazambiringa
chirimwa ichi genus Vitis, kuva mhuri Vitaceae Juss. Matavi, richisvika kureba mamita anoverengeka, anozivikanwa somuzambiringa. Sezvo mazambiringa - iri michero kana michero? Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu wakajeka. Nokuti zvose zvayo morphological zvinhu chibereko ichi chirimwa ndiyo michero. maruva awo duku aunganidzwa kupinda florets diki (yakaoma mumakwenzi kana mutsvairo). Grapes imhepo-mukume, kunyange zvazvo inogona mukume nezvipembenene. Kune mhando dzakawanda maruva: hermaphrodite, munhurume, vakuru munhurume, zvechikadzi zvechokwadi, vakuru vechikadzi. Zvose zvinoenderana ukuru kukura kwayo vechirume nhengo. Grapes nokukurumidza runako anopinda chimwe chinhanho fruiting. Ndiye undemanding kuti ivhu, saka inokura zvakanaka kunyange pamaware nevhu. Grapes rine anochinjika akanaka uye tichishandisa kwemvura nemishonga.
Mabviro mazambiringa
Pane zvakawanda maonero pamusoro nzvimbo yaigara mazambiringa. Maererano neimwe shanduro, iyo nzvimbo yechizvarirwo uyu chirimwa chinoshamisa runoonekwa kuva Asia Minor. Kune vamwe - kuCaucasus neMediterranean Coast. In mazambiringa ichi yomusango siyana akatoparadzirwa zvose pamusoro nyika refu isati chimiro chayo nemagariro siyana. Mbeu yakawanikwa nevanochera zvinoratidza kuti mazambiringa akure Pasi makore mamiriyoni 60 apfuura. Pakati 250 emaruva zvinomera, zvakajairika dzinopisa uye subtropical zvikamu vose hemispheres, mune zvinopfuura 70 achikura unozvidzora uye ushamwari mumamirire ekunze ari Northern Hemisphere.
Kusiyana
Grapes, mapikicha iyo inoratidza kuwanda kwemarudzi ayo uye dzakasiyana-siyana, zviuru makore vakasarudzwa. Panguva iyoyo munhu achitsvaka maximize kuti muviri ehupfumi zvezvibereko chirimwa ichi. Panguva iyoyo, zviri wakasuduruka vanenge 3 zviuru. Mhando Different. Mazambiringa mamirire inotsamira parameters zhinji. To musi, pane vanoverengeka zvikwata ayo. Zvichienderana zvivako uye chinangwa mazambiringa vari rakakamurwa zvekushandisa, dzokudyira, ichiita mabasa akawanda, uye seedless mhando. Vanosiyanawo mazwi kukura. Pane kunonoka uye mangwanani mhando.
Zvinoitwa emazambiringa
Kukura kumuromo kuti chirimwa ichi zvakare zvakasiyana chaizvo. Saka, vakawanda vavo duku dhayamita kuti asingasviki 10 mm. Vari anoteverwa duku, unosvikirwa, michero yakawanda. The dhayamita makurusa kazhinji kupfuura 25 mm. Sezvinongoita siyana uye mavara ramazambiringa. Nyanzvi kusiyanisa chiedza mutema, pink, tsvuku, rinopenya, yellow, zvitema, nezvishava, mhando matema. Peel michero akafukidza unhani waxy inonzi pruinom. Zvinogona kuva mutete uye akatunhidzwa kana gobvu uye simba. Kubva ayo mamiriro kunoenderana mano mazambiringa inochengetwa, kushata zvayo kuravira isimbe. akasiyana kwete chete nokuda sedare michero, asiwo avo fomu mhando dzakasiyana. Vanogona kuva denderedzwa, kumativi, ovoid, flattened kana elongated. Zvamazambiringa mhando dzakasiyana dzinosiyana munyama yavo. Rinogona kuva gobvu, nyoro, Crisp. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti mazambiringa chena kwete chete inogona yakatsvuka mashoko pagadzirwe chiedza waini uye facial. Vari yaigadzirwa michero kuti vane ganda dzvuku. nemarudzi Most emazambiringa muto koda Hauoneki, asi panewo rima michero, uyo ane waini-tsvuku zvikuru ruvara.
Kuravira mhando michero
We kare munoziva mazambiringa - payo muchero kana michero, uye ikozvino tinofanira kuteerera unhu muchero yawo. Pasinei kusiyana emarudzi, nyanzvi kusiyanisa pakati mapoka makuru shoma, kubatanidza kuravidza marudzi zvakafanana, kusanganisira:
• zvakafanana (kwazvakarerekera) tichibatanidza asidhi uye kutapira, asi asina chinhu nevamwe zvinhu;
• Solanaceae, Inonaka akafanana chibereko herbaceous zvinomera;
• Muscat - rakasimba mamirire munuhwi;
• Isabella, sezvamakaropafadzwa kunhuwirira Strawberry, blackcurrant uye chihenge uye kuva mucous pulp.
kukura mazambiringa
Anenge munhu wose anoziva kuti musha mazambiringa ainyanya kushandiswa kugadzira facial, ine muto muchero uye waini. Zvisinei, kazhinji anoita uye decoration basa sechinhu kukwira muti kuti mapindu gazebos, arbors uye pergolas. In musha muminda, kushandiswa nevakawanda mhando chando-akaomarara, muzambiringa ane kusvika mamita anoverengeka pakureba. Zvinosuruvarisa vakawanda tafura mhando kukodzera kuti kurimwa saizvozvi. In okunze edu kubudirira kurima mazambiringa kunobva nzvimbo yomugariro mumusha uye zvinhu mari. Kumaodzanyemba kunzvimbo, chirimwa ichi rapera pakachena muvhu pamusoro trellis. In zvakawanda hwokumusoro latitudes, yakanakisisa tafura mhando kazhinji dzabudapo chaiyo greenhouses neshungu mukupera chitubu uye mangwanani kwematsutso. Shoma kukura kwezvinhu zvakadaro: kureba - 2.5 M; kukwirira -. 2.1 M Vamwe winegrowers vanokura rudo kupisa-mhando uye rakavhurika pasi. Muchiitiko chino, tinofanira kugara kudimburira mizambiringa, kumbomira kukura kwayo, sezvo chando vanofanira pokuvanda wake nechando, akatora machira uye nokuiswa pasi. Vazhinji kuchera makomba diki, apo nokungwarira zvinomera, insulated evatsigiri vake zvinhu (makadhibhokisi, matanda machipisi, uswa) akafukidza nyika. kavha Izvi zvinobvumira kuti kuchengeta muzambiringa yakasimba kunyange pasi rinorema chando. Chimwe rwakashata chinhu kudzivirira kukwegura rudo kupisa-vatanhi mhando, ndiye Kusava chiedza. Saka, pasi mamiriro rwakashata okunze, mabheri anogona kuramba mutema kusvikira September kana October. Bookmark wemizambiringa ane nheyo. Unofanira kudzivisa kudyara simba-uye slaboroslyh mamakisi pamwechete, inofanira ariega akaisa neukryvnyh uye chifukidziro zviitiko, nyore kubatwa nezvirwere uye husingakwanisi kwavari, mukunopera uye mangwanani. chirimwa ichi anofanira pasi kuchekerera (tsime kwematsutso). Izvi anobvisa zvose manyoro uye mazambiringa muzambiringa ane simba, nevyzrevshie kukura gore negore. Kukohwa Excellent chete kupa nhungirwa simba. Uyewo muzhizha, zvakakodzera kubvisa mabukira kukura shure pamusoro guru masumbu pamusoro hunde egore rapera, sezvinoita kukura mutsva "kuminyuka facial" chirimwa pacharo kutadzisa kuibvisa pakati michero.
kushandisa michero
Table mazambiringa akasiyana kwazvo kuravira, saka vari dzaizopiwa matsva rinodyiwa. Zvimwe mhando vari kupwa kuti pagadzirwe sultanas uye akaomeswa. Vazhinji mazambiringa akura akatuma kubudiswa kuti pagadzirwe facial uye waini. Sezvo kumuromo zvirimwa ichi ndiyo vaitsigira shuga tigutsikane (25-30%) uye Qualitative sezvamunoita, zvigadzirwa zvose zvinobatsira chaizvo vanhu. In nemazambiringa chicherwa, makemikari zvinhu (shuga, munyu, potassium) uye mavhitaminzi (A, B1, B2, B6, C, PP), saka rinowanzoshandiswa prophylactic uye dzokurapwa zvinangwa. Shandisa mazambiringa kunotibatsira normalize kumanikidzwa, wokunatswa yemweya madzihwa, kunonatsiridza ganda ezvinhu. Table mazambiringa, akaita guru, anamasumbu kumuromo ane dzine pulp akanaka, vane zvinopindirana kuravira. Izvi imhaka yakanaka zviri nyore digestible shuga uye acids. nemarudzi Most patafura zvakanaka zvifambiswe uye kuchengetwa kwenguva refu pasi zvakanaka ezvinhu. Pasinei inoshanda ramazambiringa, zvinonzi contraindicated vanhu vachitambura cheshuga, chenjera intestinal zvirwere, kufutisa uye zvirwere duodenum.
kubereka ramazambiringa
chirimwa ichi iri inoparadzirwa vegetatively (kupfurikidza layering, cheka). Mune zvimwe zviitiko, nokuti chirimwa Breeders uye nembeu kushandiswa, asi muchiitiko chino mazambiringa kwenguva refu haangaiti zvibereko. Kakawanda, mizambiringa yakabva kumwe zvakagadzirirwa kubudisa mhando itsva. Akadyara namazambiringa jeka nzvimbo nzvimbo (kumaodzanyemba, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, kumadokero). The zvakawanda Kupisa chirimwa anogamuchira, nani kunaka michero uye yakakwirira goho. Ivhu anogona kuva chero kunze munyu marshes. Paro havafaniri kuva machakwi uye waterlogged. Kakawanda, midzi kuchekwa vakasimwa rakazaruka pasi muchirimo, asi kana chirimwa acho ari kwazvo yakatanga, mvumo uye kwematsutso kudyara. Sezvo unorema mazambiringa Midzi riri pa 20-40 masendimita pamusoro pevhu, zvinomera Vakasimwa panguva kudzika 0,4 mamita kure pakati pavo - .. Kana mazambiringa 1.5-2 M Vakasimwa mumitsara, avo upamhi anofanira zvinenge 2 m.
vatanhi tupukanana
Zvinosuruvarisa, chirimwa ichi zvikuru kubatwa nezvirwere uye tupukanana. Inonyanya ngozi vavo nokuvhuvha, wachena muforoma, powdery nokuvhuvha, nemavhairasi, kwemabhakitiriya ngura, mealybug, phylloxera, shizha grozdevoy. ekisiposha kwakadaro zvirwere mazambiringa inoenda kudiwa taurira chinokosha namakemikari kurapwa nevasori kuti kudzivirirwa uye kurapwa zvinomera.