General tsaukana pfungwa: nyika, makondinendi, nyanza

Jogirafi - kunzwisisa sayenzi Nyika, iyo iri kunyanya kufarira miganhu kuparadzirwa-siyana zvinhu, pezvakaitwa uye magariro mananara. States uye nyika, makondinendi uye makungwa - izvi ndezvimwe huru nenzvimbo pfungwa. Pavari ichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

States uye nyika, makondinendi uye makungwa

Chii chinonzi kondinendi? Chii gungwa? Nyika rakasiyana nehurumende? Ngatiedzei kupindura mibvunzo iyi inonakidza pamwe chete.

Makondinendi, nyika, nyanza - izvi zvose tiri anokosha pfungwa nokuda geography umo munhu akwanise munhu anofanira kunzwisisa.

Ocean - yakakura uye kuramba aqueous dziva riri runopoteredza makondinendi uye zvitsuwa, uye zvakare dzinoratidzwa nhamba hwounhu (tembiricha, munyu akafanana, zviri makemikari pemvura, etc.).

The yakaoma - chinhu chihombe Geological chimiro, izvo yekudyidzana runosvika pamusoro pechiso munyanza. Kukwanisa kwayo (kukwirira) isvike 50-70 makiromita. Kwakafanana pfungwa iri uyewo shoko "kondinendi".

Country - iri nenzvimbo nzvimbo panyika, iro rine ayo chivakashure pakunogumira.

Regai kunyonganisa izvi pfungwa mbiri: nyika uye makondinendi. Zvisinei, pamusoro yedu, pane chimwe rakasiyana muenzaniso, rinogona kunzi panguva imwechete uye nyika uye kondinendi. Tiri kutaura Australia.

Countries, makondinendi zvakasiyana chaizvo kubva mumwe uye kukura munharaunda uye vemo. Somuenzaniso, nzvimbo guru munyika yose munguva mamiriyoni 5.5 yakakura kupfuura nharaunda worudzi ruduku mamiriro yepasi! Nenzira, hurumende uye nyika - ndiwo akasiyana zvachose pfungwa. Musiyano uri pakati pavo?

State - imwe nyika ine uchangamire (kureva, yakazvimirira), ane yakajeka miganhu, uyewo zvose zviremera zvakakodzera.

How makondinendi munyika uye nyanza?

Imwe dzidziso iri kuti kamwe aivapo pasi redu ndiro imwe chete kondinendi (Pangea iye vaipfeka zita) uye rimwe gungwa (Tethys). Zvadaro, chete nyika gobvu rakatanga aputse, zvokuti yakabuda kumakondinendi matanhatu zvakasiyana. It Eurasia, Africa, North neSouth America, Australia, Antarctica. Vamwe makondinendi ano chokuita ne yakatetepa mitsipa, nepo vamwe vazere mvura woga (akadai Australia).

Kana nhamba yose makondinendi zvakajeka, pano kubvumirana nhamba chaiyo Dzenyika mumakungwa geographers haagoni asi. Kusvikira 2000, zvikoro zvose, vadzidzisi vakaudzwa kuti nyanza Panyika chete mana (Arctic, Atlantic, Pacific uye Indian). Zvisinei, pakutanga kwezana kwemireniyumu reInternational Hydrographic Union akaita dzinounzwa munhu munyanza rechishanu - South. It akapoteredzwa mvura ayo Antarctica zvachose. Kazhinji, kusarudzwa weSouthern Ocean chose wakarurama, nokuti chikamu ichi mvura yepasi kuti tembiricha wayo munyu utongi, yayo gadziriro yomugungwa dzenzvimbo.

nyika munyika uye inoti Vangani?

Countries munyika yanhasi zvinopfuura States. Dzinokwana - 251, asi Mhedziso uchangamire anozvikudza 194 chete navo. inoti zvose izvi kuzivikanwa vomunyika dzakawanda uye vose zvakaumbwa Bazi.

Kudeuka mamiriro munyika iri Russia (kwayo nharaunda - vanenge mamiriyoni 17 km ^2), uye duku - Vatican (3.2 chete km ^2). nyika dzakawanda dziri Eurasia uye Africa, asi musi Antarctica haasi kunyange nokusingaperi venguva.

Munyika mune anonzi rakapotsa mamiriro. Vanogona kunge zvitsuwa zviduku vakaparadzana (akadai hugota pamusoro Malu tuuliviiri), kana asina kunharaunda yayo uye chete kurarama paIndaneti.

In mhedziso ...

Zvino kuti munoziva siyana inoti uye nyika, makondinendi uye nyanza. Panyika, pane 6 makondinendi (Korean), riri 251 nyika. Asi pamusoro yaipedzerwa munyanza, masayendisiti achiri kukwanisa kusvika nekubvirana: vamwe vanotenda kuti vashanu vavo, vamwe vanodavira kuti pane ina chete.