Frigate "Admiral Gorshkov" Project 22350

Navy - Mugove chete zvemberi muchiuto uye dzakabudirira. Unogona kutenga ngarava, asi kusika kwezvivako hakusi zvakakodzera kuti abudirire. Hazvishamisi kuti mamiriro ari shipbuilding maindasitiri munyika yedu akakonzera gobvu kusuruvara dzomugungwa: zvikepe itsva havana kuvakwa, akare zvishoma nezvishoma kutanga upfumi. Sezvineiwo, mamiriro ezvinhu zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kuvandudza. Chinhu chinooneka Kusimbiswa - Frigate "Admiral Gorshkov".

It kwakatangwa musi October 29, 2010. Chiitiko ichi rakasiyana nemamwe mukuti hazvisi chete wokutanga chikepe raparurwa mushure Union, asi muenzaniso muzvigadzirwa mhando iyi, iyo yakagadzirirwa "kubvira muvare" rokutanga, pasina kushandisa zviitiko Soviet.

About nhoroondo

Pakarepo mushure nyika aiva mari yacho nekutumirwa kwemauto ane shipbuilding chirongwa chitsva, yakanga yaitwa pasi uye raparurwa pamusoro yepasi pemvura chirongwa 955, 885 uye 667. Nokukurumidza yakanga dzoro pamusoro ngarava. frigate New "Admiral Gorshkov" Project 22350 akasikwa nyanzvi KB "North". Mugadziri Chief kuvaka yakanga P.M.Shrayko. Bookmark chikepe kwakaitika muna 2006. Sezvaigona kutarisirwa, ari frigate ose Project 22350 rokutanga Akavaka yakareba chinangwa, asi vachiri Vavaki vengarava vakakwanisa kuchengeta zvine nguva, pasinei ose nezvinetso.

Ngarava itsva magadzirirwo zvakasikwa uye unotendwa muna 2003. Apo, muna 2005, kuvakwa kwayo akanzi paruzhinji nyoro, akawana matatu chete chikuru Artist vanoda zvikuru akafanana tidbit kwakadaro hakuna akamuka vakwikwidzi, "Severnaya Verf", "rinopenya" uye "Sevmash". Pakupedzisira, kodzero kuvaka zvinosiyirwa St. Petersburg, "Severnaya Verf". Zvakaitika zvinoratidza kuti zvakanga chisarudzo chakarurama.

Kukosha Project 22350 zvikepe kunyika paaizvidzivirira

Zvinofanira kuva shoko kushamisika kuti nemhenderekedzo nyika inozivikanwa se kureba, uye kwenzvimbo yaro zvakaoma. zvikepe yedu idambudziko pakuti inosanganisira kutaridza mutsika magadzirirwo zvisingachashandi zvikepe, izvo nyaya hombe kurwiswa zvinogona muvengi nyore havagoni kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakakura zvakadaro, kana kunyange kazhinji kushamwaridzana nemumwe uye mamwe mapazi Russian Navy. Frigate "Admiral Gorshkov" Against ichi nechekumashure, riri chinhu zvakanaka nzvimbo, nokuti multi-chinangwa yetsiva chikwata.

Saka, Russia muna pfupi nguva zvakakodzera kuti kudzikisa mvura yakawanda ngarava ano ari Coast Guard, izvo vakapakata zvinobudirira SAM uye RCC. Izvi zvichabatsira kuti kuvaka hwandaiva kuzvidzivirira Coast, asina kushandisa specimens anodhura zvombo. Saizvozvowo reUnited States ndiyo nhasi. Muchiuto utungamiriri munyika sezvo nguva rinonyanya rokuvaka vakawanda vachiri chipa uye dzichipfekeka nemidziyo, akaronga pakudzivirira yegungwa.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Black Sea Fleet zvinonyanya kudiwa mavari. Chokwadi kuti iri boka redu riri kure kwazvo kubva mamwe kurwa fleets. Panguva "utariri" pamusoro Ukrainians munyika Crimean munyika, hapana anenge hapana chakaipa mhepo kudzivirira gadziriro uye chombo kuzvidavirira. Uye avo vachiri vakasara hapana nzira inogona zvinobudirira kudzivirira pamusoro zvichibvira muvengi ranwa yasara ndima. The chete chikepe kuti kana kusatonzwa rinoenderana flagship kweGungwa Dema Fleet, GvRKr chirongwa 1164,5 "Moscow". Kwete chete kuti ndiye chete, saizvozvo vachirwa motokari hurongwa pachena asingaiti zvinodiwa ano.

It akasimbisa kwegadziriro S-300F "Fort", iro zvakazara yakabatanidzwa pamwe chete "nyika" Anti-ndege zvinoita zvokukandwa yakaoma S-300PS. The kunonyanyisa Kukwirira kurova huru - kusvika 27 makiromita. Panguva iyoyowo, unogona kubata kusvika matanhatu mhepo huru pane chinhambwe 90 makiromita. Sezvaunogona kuona, hapana hunoshamisa, redu mhepo kudzivirira mauto munzvimbo itsva munzvimbo Federation haagoni kuzvirumbidza. Kwaiva kuti vagadzirise chinetso ichi vakatanga ndichibvunza kuvakwa itsva mhando ngarava achangopfuura makore uye rimwe chinonyanya kushamisa zvakafanana frigate basa 22350 "Admiral Gorshkov".

Otherness

Chikepe akanaka nokuti chakagadzirirwa kushanda nevasina pedo uye kure kugungwa rokufambira, uyewo kuita kurwisana kuvhiyiwa ari Oceanic zvakatipoteredza. Musha - vanenge 4,500 matani, kufadza kureba - kwete asingasviki 130 m, upamhi Hull panguva yawo widest pfungwa - 16 mamita. Kureba kosi - vanopfuura zviuru zvina nautical makiromita, nguva wekushandisa haisi shoma. Mukuwedzera simba atirari uye chombo zvombo, pane chikuva kuti kuitwa munhu revarwi neherikoputa (Ka-28).

Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, frigate "Gorshkov" rakasiyana nemamwe mukuti kwete asingasviki 30% kubva hutsva rwokugadzira uye zvakashandiswa pakurigadzira. Kukwikwidza muna vokuAmerica, zvokudya superstructure uye wheelhouse akasikwa "namano" Michina iyo inopa simba kuputsanya radar mafungu, kuona yakakwirira mwero chikepe vanzurudzo. Hazvishamisi, ukuru pachivande dziri kugadzirwa kwayo kwakanga "nenhanho": pamusoro pakuonekwa "Admiral" aizivikanwa chete vagadziri uye vavaki vengarava. The wokudhinda haana leaked kuti nezvekutanga.

kuenda neherikoputa chombo

Frigate "Admiral Gorshkov" (Photo 2014 iri uchapupu) anotakura mungarava anoyevedza yetsiva hurongwa. Anosanganisira bhatiri yose Anti-chikepe zvombo ( "mosquito"), pamwe caliber pamusoro pfuti gomo 130 mm (mwero vaitenderera 30 paminiti), uye Anti-chombo chombo bhatiri uye Anti-kunzwisisa. Saka, mumwe frigate basa 22350 "Admiral Gorshkov" akasiyana chaizvo akadzivirira uye anokwanisa kumiririra pachavo chero mamiriro ezvinhu.

ASW chikepe kudzivirirwa

ASW ine maoko maviri kutanga zvivako Medvedka-2. Ivo dziri pakati muchikepe. Mumwe launcher akapomera zvombo mana kushingaira nhungamiro. Nokuti kuonekwa ngarava muvengi yepasi pemvura Akash hurongwa anopindura "Zarya-M." Naizvozvo zvakafanira aronga kutsiva ichi mhando pazviteshi yacho yepamusoro analoginen, "Vignette-M."

The mamiriro mano izvi zvinosanganisira aida kuchinja kanyanga (GPBA) uye wokutepfenyurisa zvinogona kupa zvinobudirira vasabatwa kuderedzwa ruzha Ngarava dzepasi pemvura okupedzisira chizvarwa. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, chete hurongwa anogona zvinobudirira vanyatsoona torpedoes uye pose zvikepe muvengi ari chinhambwe makiromita 60. Saka, kuti gurunurai ari frigate "Admiral Gorshkov", uchishandisa zvakajairika Avangard kurwisa kwakaoma zvisingaiti.

Kudzivirirwa muchiuto avhiyesheni

The womumhuri chaiye chikepe ndiko kuisa 3S14U1 (UKSK). Ichokwadi chombo chinoita zvokukandwa. Ichi yakasiyana kunzwisisa ayo "omnivorous": anogona kutsiviwa chero nguva zvombo, kukonzera chikepe Specification kuchaitawo kuchinja. Uyewo, unofanira kufunga hunhu Anti-ndege, "Rif-M." Ndiudzei kuti vezvenhau unowanzonzi "Poliment-Redoute."

Izvozvo. Vamwe mhenyu waivako zvinoorora "Dzedu Dziri" Hazvina kusiyana, asi dzibatane chose nyika "Vityaz". Chokwadi, zviri paruoko sechinhu wechikepe, uye avo nyika "nevamwe" sezvo zvombo zvinogona recharged anenge kwese pane mhepo kuzvidavirira. Kuti varege kusiya zvinobhururuka vavengi hapana mukana, ngarava akagadzawo mutsva mhando radar, inozivikanwa yakakwirira kuita munzvimbo dzine mangwanani vasabatwa ndege.

Anokonzera zvinongoreva zvina phased kuko (AESA) "Poliment". Nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti mune ramangwana nezvikepe ichi mhando zvichaparadzwa akaisa rimwe moto kudzora hurongwa, uyewo kugadzwa A-192 uye Zach "Broadsword." Nenzira dzichitaura, kare kare yakaiswa pamusoro frigate "Admiral Gorshkov" (ine mufananidzo munyaya). Basa ravo kufukidza tsvimbo onboard Ka-28 apo achitora kubvisa uye kumhara. All kurwa zvinhu anoshanda mune dunhu rimwe chete, ichipa zvakavimbika kudzivirirwa frigate muhondo ndege uye helicopters.

The Dunhu rokudzivirira ringaratidzwa anotakura imwe "nzira" kuti andobata uye vatungamirire pakarepo 16 kupeperetswa. Kunyanya kana kupfura kuvhura - kukwira chitundumuseremusere imwe wechipiri. Kunyange kana mumwe munhu achakwanisa kupaza 22350 frigate "Admiral Gorshkov" achava zvinenge zvirokwazvo kuchivabudisa akamubudisa atirari enyika. Tikafunga otomatiki pfuti caliber 130 mm uye otomatiki kutungamirirwa gadziriro - chinhu chakaipisisa. Usakanganwa pamusoro simba pamusoro-bhodhi zvemagetsi hondo, rinogona zvinenge chose kudzvinyirira hurongwa kombiyuta anotungamirirwa muvengi zvombo. Izvi kwete chete yekudyidzana kunowedzera ukuru chinodzivirira "Admiral", asiwo kunogona kuderedza mutoro vaunoshanda ari kurwisana ezvinhu.

Pazuva Anti-ndege chombo

Handizvo kare zvikazikamwa kuti mu MNIIRE "Altair" riri pasi nzira kuva itsva duku kadikidiki hurongwa, yakagadzirirwa kudzivirira warships ane misha ine 1000 matani mamiriyoni 4.5 kuti. New Anti-ndege pfuti hwuchavapano pasi zvakanaka nekusimba SAM "Rif-M." Zvinofungirwa kuti achashandisa 9M96E zvitundumuseremusere, zvakasiyana rinoita homing uye inertial chipfuro zvechizarira hurongwa. Tikafunga izvi hurongwa achasika chombo muedzo zvechokwadi, inokwanisa kunomisa zvikuru maneuverable ndege rurefu mukana yokukundikana.

Izvi zvakasiyana vakwikwidzi ayo frigate "Admiral Gorshkov". Photos of chikepe anokwanisa pakarepo kuratidza kuti nyanzvi kuti anogona kubata nyore vakawanda muhondo ndege kunge mupikisi.

simba chirimwa

Kazhinji, hazvishamisi: Diesel gasi turbine chirimwa, ane vanokwanisa anenge 65 000 zvapano Kwazvinoita CODAG mhando Diesel injini pachayo ndorwevaya mhuri-DGTA M55MR (zvose zviri zvakafanana redzimba). Izvi magadzirirwo mhinduro akabvumira chokubatanidza zvose zvakakwirira kunonyanyisa simba uye yakanaka kunyatsoshanda kana kutyaira yakaderera kumhanya (gungwa nemiedzo frigate "Admiral Gorshkov" zvinoratidzwa pachena).

Gas-turbine chikwata iri muna mberi mupanda, kubva Diesel iri rakagara richidudzirwa riri shure.

A tsananguro yakatodzama kugadzwa Diesel

Akaigadzira nekusimba Diesel injini 10D49 ndiye Kolomna fekitari. Simba nerimwe 3825 KW (5200 zvapano), izvo zvoga zvakazara. At nomumwe - maviri nokukurumidza rutapudzo giya, riri basa yoga kana pamwe nokushanda Motors maviri. Pakupedzisira, pane munharaunda kuzvidzora hurongwa. Pachavo sezvo gasi turbines, gasi turbine injini M90FR, yakagadzirirwa maviri mukurumbira nemakambani - NPO "Saturn" uye NPP "Dawn - Mashproekt".

Pasina Makambani aya angadai hazviiti pacharo frigate "Admiral Gorshkov". 2014 kwakaratidza kuti zvikepe zvakanaka zviri chaizvo kwavari, sezvo makambani vose vakagamuchira rupo zvibvumirano hurumende. Tinovimba kuti yakadaro yakanaka kuitika acharamba mune ramangwana.

Chete mumwe Diesel chikepe powerplant kuchaita ngaateme pakarepo 10400 HP, zvaizova zvakakwana kuti aputse kusvika 10-13 nokusunungura mapfundo. Kana zvose basa diesels uye turbine simba inokura zvakanaka kusvika 64800 zvapano, saka kuti misha muchina matani zviuru zvina Inowedzera kuti change 30. Zvatakurukura akanyorwa yakadaro akadzama? Unofungei, chokupika chikepe propulsion nei vakadaro haina kushandiswa muzvikepe zvikepe yeSoviet? Zviri nyore: hapana aida kutora basa sezvo kukura kunzwisisa hurongwa. System iyo inofanira kuva simba kwete chete, asi zvikuru hwakavimbika.

Munzvimbo iyi, Vavaki vengarava Russian vakakwanisa kuwana kumativi vamwe vavo Soviet inofadza, sezvo ngarava "Admiral Gorshkov" - iri chaiyo "dangwe" kuti vavaki vengarava post-Soviet. In ichi zviri zvakafanana T-50 murwi. ndege iyi vakagadzirawo "kubva muvare" ndiyo Developers Russian.

nezvinobuda

Achitaura kazhinji, asi "Admiral Gorshkov" - mumwe frigate, munzira dzakawanda iri kumbonyanya chaiwo mumiririri shipbuilding chikoro Soviet-Russian. Zvisinei, kokutanga munhoroondo rengarava redu panyika chikepe zvombo vakagovera mumigodhi. Nenzira kutaura, "vashandi" yedu American kare akawana zvichidiwa chete kwakadaro placement iyi mhando zvombo, sezvinoitwa iyi zvinokwanisika kubvisa "Zoo" zviruva kumhanya, riri saka zvakafanana nokuti Soviet Navy. Izvi zvichaita kuderedza mari anoita zvikepe, sezvo zvaida kubika ndoda unyanzvi.

Haiwa, yokuRussia Navy kusvikira 2010 vasina kubatana mumunda uyu. Uyezve, mumwe nomumwe (!) Chombo hurongwa racho zvakananga chikumbiro pachavo. Last chokwadi inenge hwogumisa pfungwa pakusika multipurpose ngarava. Kana yedu shipbuilding indasitiri achatora nzira kuti rwakagadzirira chikepe "Admiral Gorshkov", zvikepe pakupedzisira kuwana zvakasikwa zvechokwadi, kuchinja uye simba zvombo, iyo inogona kushandiswa zvinobudirira yose Russian mhenderekedzo yegungwa.

Nokuda kwezvandakaitirwa "Admiral Gorshkov" kwenguva refu saka wakatangwa mugadziriro?

Huru dambudziko, nokuda iyo nguva vaifanira kumbomira, Tsika yokunonoka aiva kwezana yoga gadziriro. Hongu, kuti ngarawa "Admiral Gorshkov" akavaka St. Petersburg shipyard, asi nekuti vose zvombo, radar uye pemvura acoustics nehurongwa zvinopa Contractors akasiyana chaizvo! Kwavari nhema mugove mutoro kunonosa pamusoro chokuendesa mashoko frigate weshumba. Zvikurukuru, matambudziko akawanda vakauya SAM hurongwa uye pasi pemvura acoustics. Uyezve, vakaroorana nguva mwoyo chokuendesa zvinoumba zvitsva atirari hurongwa, pasina izvo frigate pr. 22350 "Admiral Gorshkov" shoma kune mukuru kune zvikepe kirasi chete.

Sezvo mudzimba Admiralty anopedza dambudziko kusava pazvikepe?

Pfungwa, pane chisarudzo chakarurama, iyo yava kushandiswa nevakawanda. Tiri kutaura chimbi "kubereka" zvikepe, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti ave tactical niche. Sezvo pane nguva ino chirongwa 22350 frigates makavakwa nokukurumidza zvakakwana, kwakasarudzwa kuwedzera kuvakwa motokari isingadhuri, kuva nemhuri 11356 (nhanhatu vavo vakanga vawana India). Pasinei ayo kubatana, vachava kushandiswa fleets siyana. Zvinosuruvarisa uchipedzeredza pasina kuvhiringidza ari Nomenclature haangagoni kuva ikozvino. The chete nokunyaradzwa ndechokuti harizoiti sezvaraiva dzinovhiringidza sezvo yakanga munguva iri Union.

Kana isu vaongorore unoda frigates pamusoro Project 22350 akagadzirirwa retrofitting yeGungwa Dema Fleet, zvinofanira vati inotevera. All vakafunga kuti vomurova ngarava matanhatu. Frigate "Admiral Grigorovich," iri kutarisirwa kupinzwa kushanda pamusoro yechipiri hafu 2015. "Hama," wake "Admiral Essen" anotanga Surf mvura yeGungwa Black muna 2016. Ngarava "Admiral Makarov" angangotadza takagadzirira pamberi 2017.

Kunyange kana isu kufunga zvinoshamisa zvinowedzera voruzhinji mari mu shipbuilding vachizvitakudza kuti maindasitiri emakambani ari Crimea, kuzodzosera rengarava ngozi kunonoka kwazvo. Saka, mashoko frigate "Admiral Gorshkov", iro miedzo zvakaratidza hunoshamisa kunoguma muzvinhu zvakawanda ndiyo chete vakakodzera dzimwe. Mumwe anogona chete tariro kuti zvipfuwo indasitiri achatsigira tichimhanya ichi.

mhedziso

Chero zvakanga, kuvakwa frigate "Admiral Gorshkov" chinoratidza pachena rakapinza intensification wedu shipbuilding indasitiri. Usamborega kubvira mangwanani kuma1990, zvikepe haana kuwana ngarava itsva dzakawanda. Ndizvo chete nokuda kakawanda breakdowns of Navy romugove anowana zvakawanda zvakafanana mhando frigates, izvo kazhinji vanogona chete kushandiswa tactical niche. Sezvaungafungidzira, izvi hazvina zvokutadza kunaka zvinonyatsorehwa kudzivirira kugona munyika.

Mune zvimwe mhosva ichi, uye muchiuto pacharo, zvisina yakagadzirwa kupa vagadziri zvakajeka uye muudzame gate. Uyezve, kunyange apo akaita kuvaka frigate "Admiral Gorshkov", kazhinji kuchinja wayo chitarisiko, izvo mune dzimwe nyika hazvigoneki. Panewo achangobva dzakabudirira chakagadzirwa nyaya makirasi matsva zvikepe, izvo anongoti havasati akasika zvombo zvakakwana. Kurovera kwavari "riri nhunzi" kwete chete zvinotisvitsa zvikuru kuwedzera mutengo kuvakwa, asi kuti ruoko deadlines kune kwazvo zvakawanda.

Kubva fekitari kusvika chirimwa zvirongwa uyewo chinopfuudzwa pasina achipfuura guru uwandu tsvuku tepi. Akamumutsira midziyo, zvirongwa uye zvirongwa aenderane peculiarities neimwe shipyard rinoitwa anenge ari Chinyorwa nzira. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu kunonyanya akashata ari Pacific Fleet, apo shipyards kana kuruboshwe zvachose, kana ivo, asi vari vakapakata kwenguva refu kare antiquated yetsika uye zvekushandisa zvokushandisa, izvo hadzisi akakodzera frigates ano. The raora matambudziko ose aya pamusoro nguva, zvinogona kutungamirira hachifadzi chaizvo nemigumisiro.

Pfungwa, pane zvakawanda akanaka. Saka, zvirango Western havazofaniri kuzodzosera nezvikepe maturo, nekuti kuvakwa ngarava iri kushandisa chete mumhuri rwokugadzira. Chokwadi, chairehwa zvimwe rwokugadzira mhinduro aizogadzirisa yakawanda nematambudziko, asi pfungwa iyi anenge shamisa mune chiedza kuitika zvinoitika wokumwe negwaro. Chero zvakanga, asi ngarawa "Admiral Gorshkov" - munhu vainyatsofarira wedu shipbuilding indasitiri.