Frank Morris: nhau yemukurumbira unozivikanwa kubva ku Alcatraz

Alcatraz ishizha rakakurumbira, riri pedyo neSan Francisco. Panguva iyo yakashandurwa kuva musamuziyamu, uye kusvika muna 1963 yakanga iri jeri rehurumende nekuda kwevapambi vezvakaipa zvikuru. Zvaitenda kuti hazvibviri kupukunyuka kubva pachitsuwa chacho, asi munhoroondo yese yejeri iripo kuedza kwakadaro kwakaitwa, asi zvose zvakakundikana. Kunyanya mukurumbira munhoroondo ye Alcatraz, kupukunyuka kwakaitwa makore anopfuura makumi mashanu apfuura naFrank Morris uye hama dzeEngling. Nezveramangwana ravo remangwana, zvechokwadi, hapana chinozivikanwa kusvikira zvino.

Chokwadi kubva paupenyu hwaFrank Morris

Frank Morris - mutongi wemuAmerica, akave akakurumbira mushure mokunge aedza kuedza kubudirira kubva mujeri pachitsuwa cha Alcatraz. Kuguma kwaMorris uye zvikamu zvake zvisingazivikanwi, saka kubudirira kwekupukunyuka kunogona kungofungidzirwa.

Morris akaberekwa musi waSeptember 1, 1926 kuWashington. Kuva nemakore gumi nemakore ari kuyaruka kutotadza kuputsa murairo uye wakatumirwa kune vechidiki vechikwata. Paakagamuchira nguva yekutanga yemakore anopfuura 6, yakasunungurwa pakuongororwa munaEpril 1942, uye mushure memwedzi yaive zvakare kumashure. Makore makumi maviri akatevera, Frank Morris angave akapedza mutirongo, kana kuti aida kutiza uye imwe mhosva. MunaJanuary 1960, akatumwa kunoshumira mutongo wake mujeri yeA Alcatraz sechivi chinonyanya kuipa. Panguva ino, akaedza 11 kutiza kubva mumajeri.

Alcatraz: nhoroondo yechitsuwa chacho

Alcatraz akaonekwa pamapu eU.SA muna 1775. Nzvimbo yechitsuwa ichi munzvimbo yakadzika yegwenga, iyo iyo inotonhora inotyisa ichiramba ichimhanya, yakasarudza mubvunzo wekushandiswa kwayo, uye muna 1861 jeri remauto rakavakwa pano. Pasinei nekunyengedzera kwesimbi yekugadzirisa nekuchengetedza kwakasimba mu Alcatraz, mafungiro kune vasungwa vehondo akanga ari munyoro. Vaiva nekodzero yekuita mabasa ezvoupfumi, kufamba zvakasununguka kumativi ose ejeri, kuronga mashomanana ebhiza (nokuda kwechinangwa ichi, nzvimbo chaiyo yekutamba yakagadzirirwa). Mamiriro ezvinhu mujeri akachinja zvikuru paakazobva kuhondo kusvika kune federal. Zvose zvivako zvakavakwa zvachose kuti zvisiye zvachose mukana wekupandukira kana kupukunyuka.

Frank Morris mu Alcatraz

Yakanga iri munzvimbo ino muna 1960 apo Frank Morris akatumirwa semhosva yepamusoro-soro ane "mbiri huru". Sezvo akagara muAraraz kwemakore maviri, Frank akatora imwe kupukunyuka muhupenyu hwake hwemhosva - iyo chete yakange yakave korona yekubudirira. Kwenguva yakareba, Frank Morris nehama dzaEnglin dzakatsvaga pasi rose, asi hapana chinozivikanwa pamusoro penguva yavo yeramangwana kusvikira zvino. Ikoko kune shanduro yepamutemo yekutsvakurudza, maererano nekuti vapoteri vakakundikana kuyambuka bhayi. Maererano neshanduro isina kufanira, chiedza chacho chakabudirira, uye vose vatatu vakakwanisa kusvika kumhenderekedzo. Mukuda kweiyo shanduro ndeyekuti Frank aive akachenjera uye ane ruzivo rwemhosva, saka akanga asingakwanisi kubatsira kufunga nezvezvinhu zvishoma uye asingafungi kutsika kwemvura yakadzika uye yakasimba ikozvino. Hama, uyewo, dzakasiyana mukuratidza kwekutsungirira uye dzaive dzakanaka chaizvo kushambira.

Sangano rekuzivikanwa kwakakurumbira

Panguva yekuvakwa kwe Alcatraz, zviyero zvakatorwa kuti zvisiye chero chiedza chekutiza kubva pachiwi. Chimwe chiyero chakadai chaiva kugadzirisa kwemaitiro ose ekushandisa tunnel. Rimwe remasvingo akavakwa uye rakava sewindo rehusununguko rwevatatu vasati vasungwa. Kune izvi zvaipukunyuka, Frank Morris, Clarence naJohn Englins vakanga vachigadzirira kwenguva yakareba: vakaita ganda rakagadziriswa iro raiwanzobaya gomba murusvingo rwekrete kwenguva yakareba. Pausiku hwokupukunyuka, apo gomba mumadziro rakanga ratova rakakura zvakakwana, vanoisa misoro yavo pamibhedha yavo ndokubva vasara muchitokisi. Pamuganhu webasa, vatadzi vakazoenda kumatenga uye vakaburuka vakaenda kunzvimbo. Pano ivo vakanga vatomirira chigadziro chakanga chagadzirirwa, chavakagadzira nemabhodhoro emvura. Mushure meizvozvo, hakuna mumwe wevatatu hapana mumwe akaona.

Kuongorora kwekutiza kubva kwa Alcatraz

Kupukunyuka kwaFrank Morris kubva kuU Alcatraz kwemakore mazhinji kwave kune dzimwe nzvimbo mimwe yenyaya dzinokurukurwa zvikuru. Chidzidzo chezviitiko zvakakosha zvinosanganisira mazita anozivikanwa zvikuru. Hapana uchapupu hwekufa kwevapoteri kwakawanikwa. Uyewo uchapupu hwakajeka hwekuti trio yakakurumbira ingadai ichiri kushambira nechokuno uye ichivanza. Nokuti nhengo dzemhuri dzemakororo dzakateverwa kwenguva yakareba, asi chokwadi chekuonekwa kwaFrank Morris kana hama dzeEnglin dzakaratidzwa kusvikira nhasi.

Nhoroondo yekupukunyuka uye yemazuva ano

Iye zvino, apo kupukunyuka kwaFrank Morris neshamwari dzake vakagara kare, mamwe mazwi matsva akaonekwa. Nhengo dzemhuri dzehama dzeEnglin dzinoti makore mashomanana mushure mekupukunyuka vakagamuchira kadhirisimasi yakasimbiswa nehama dzakashaya John naClarence. Amai vavo kwemakore akawanda vakagamuchira maruva kubva kune munhu asingazivikanisi kutuma. Zvinopesana kuti vose naJohn naClarence vakaenda kumariro emadzimai, vakanyatsogadzira uye vakapfeka nguo dzevakadzi. Nokuti kubatwa kwevaparairi mubairo we $ 1 mamiriyoni yakaiswa, izvo zvisati zvave zvataurwa kudai.

Upenyu mushure me "rufu"

Muna 1979, mutungamiri weAmerica Don Siegel akafuratira nyaya yakakurumbira yokupukunyuka kubva pachitsuwa cha Alcatraz, achibvisa firimu yakawanda pamusoro peFrank Morris uye hama dzeEnglins. Basa guru mufirimu iyi yakatambwa naClint Eastwood. Iyi firimu yakave nekubudirira kusati kwamboitika muhofisi yebhokisi, ichiunganidza mari inodarika madhora makumi mana emadhora, iyo yaive yakawanda kanomwe bhazha remufirimu.