Qibla Direction: sei kurondedzera? Sacred Kaaba muna Mecca

Islam - mumwe yomuduku zvitendero munyika, zviri yakasiyana yekare dzechitendero uye panguva ane vateveri vakawanda pasi pose. Panguva uninitiated kana mukuru zvinetso ichangobva kutendeuka kuti kutenda ndiko kuchengetwa vose nezuva tsika kuti ushandiswe kuti vaMuslim vakatendeka. Zviri kunyanya kuomera vakawanda kuona mirayiridzo qibla, pasina pazviri pasingabviri kunyengetera, uye yakawanda nedzimwe tsika. Asi ichi ndicho chakakura kubva mitemo, izvo vaiona chivi Islam. Munyaya ino, isu tsanangura sei kuona mirayiridzo Qibla munzira dzakasiyana, uye tsanangura kuti nei izvi zvichikosha zvikuru aikosha nekuti vakatendeka.

Kiblah: izwi uye kukosha kwayo

Shoko rokuti "qibla" akazviratidza sezvaari zviri zvakafanana pamwe kwaita Islam, mune imwe shanduro chaiwo kubva Arabic zvinoreva "izvo zviri kumberi." Zvinenge Muslim wose anoziva kuti rayo rinobatsira kubva pose vanogona kuziva apo Arabia. Mecca (guta) uye Kaaba dzvene kutungamirirwa kuti munhu anofanira kuva akatendeka kundonyengetera. Pfungwa iyi inokosha zvikuru munhu vanozviti Islam. Asi ichi hachisi chete nezviito kuti anoita achitungamirirwa Qibla.

Upenyu uye mazuva ose mabasa vaMuslim, zvichienderana Positioning matsvene Kaaba

Kune vakatendeka vanoziva chaizvo kuita pamamiriro ezvinhu, muprofita Muhammad akasiya sezvo chiyeuchidzo hadiths. About qibla akati kunyange zvishoma vavo. Somuenzaniso, nyaya yakanga kutaurwa hadith Bars ibn Azib, Jabir ibn Abdullah, Amir ibn Rabia. With vanhu ava vaizviita akaramba kushanda chero nguva, vasingadi zvitsanangurwe uye dzakapendwa nezuva upenyu vaMuslim. Saka, ngationei kuti tsika nezviito nezuva kuti inotaura kudiwa ruzivo chii divi ndiro qibla:

• Kuvigwa vakafa. Hadiths kuona nzvimbo chaiyo muviri panguva kuvigwa vechimoziremu - inofanira akatendeukira kurutivi rwayo rworudyi, akatarisa Kaaba.
• Slaughter yemhuka. Kana Muslim anoronga kuuraya mhuka, anofanira kuisa mhuka kurutivi rworuboshwe, uye musoro dzikava kurutivi Mecca.
• Hope. VaMuslim vanofanira kuenda hope, vakaraira vachichengeta tsika nedzokuisa vakafa zvakafanana. Pashure pezvose, vose havagoni kumuka mangwanani, saka Koran kurara yakaenzana rufu.
• Vanhurume dzinongoitika zvinodiwa. Faithful zvaisambobvumirwa kuzviita, wakadzoka kana kutarisana Mecca.
• Namaz. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha ezuva, nokuti izvo zvakafanira kuziva chaizvo achitungamirirwa Qibla. Sezvo munyengetero iri akaita kakawanda pazuva, uye vanhu vari kuramba kutamira panguva ino, anofanira kukwanisa kuwana mashoko akavimbika pamusoro chii Mecca wenyika iri.

Chokwadi, hazvisi zvose nhanho vari ahadith. Takatambanudzira chete rakajairika uye hunakidze. Zvisinei, pane vamwe mazita inoitika Kusara kuti Kazhinji kuti akabvumira kusatsvaka vatungamirire qibla panguva minyengetero. Muzviitiko zvakadaro vanongova vaviri:

• Pavaifamba. Kana uri vanoenda, uye nguva yasvika kunyengetera, kana zvimwe zviito pamusoro apa, ichakurukurwa sezvo Qiblah mirayiridzo iyo zvinofamba motokari.
• Danger kana chirwere chakakomba. Kuri kuti uri muguva ngozi kuenda apa pane chirwere chakaipisisa kana mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma kuchimuka, akabvumira kuti kunyengetera, kwete kuisa pfungwa Mecca.

Tinofunga vose pamusoro penyu uchava kare kunzwisisa kukosha Islam ndiye qibla. Sarudza nhungamiro dzaro munyika yanhasi anogona zvinenge munhu pasina kumbondinetsa. Asi akaita apo ichi izwi uye nei huru bhuku iri Mecca? Izvi ndizvo zvatiri zvino iwe uye zvichakuudzai.

The chidzoke of qibla

Kubva pamazuva kuwedzera Islam sechitendero rokutanga chaizvo kwaiva tsika kuvaka chechi uye kuita zvose tsika, kuongorora chimwe nhungamiro. Asi pakutanga raiva guta Quds (Jerusalem). Akanga anoonekwa senzvimbo tsvene, uye vose vakatendeka, zvaraireva qibla, akatendeuka kutarisana naye.

Zvisinei, nokufamba kwenguva, nharo dzakamuka pakati Medinan vaJudha nevaMuslim. Chokutanga seti iri kuramba akatendeka kuti kutuka chokwadi kuti vari Muporofita Muhammad ndiye vasingagoni kunyange pasina kuziva qibla uye vakarovedzwa uri ichi kubva kuvaJudha. Muporofita akatendeukira kuna Mwari aine chikumbiro, uye Wemasimbaose vanzwa zvavo munamato, vaMuslim vane qibla itsva. Zvino vaifanira kutsvaka chiso Kaaba tsvene. Kubvira ipapo, zvinenge haana kuchinja, saka zvakakosha, zvisinei nzvimbo yavo chero kupi zvako munyika, kuziva apo Mecca iri.

Qibla: sei kuona mirayiridzo

VaMuslim kuziva nzira dzakawanda dzaunogona ngaaverenge achitungamirirwa Qibla. Vamwe vavo zvakachengetedzwa kubva munguva dzekare, apo vamwe yakabuda nokuda rwokugadzira zvinhu nguva yedu. Takaunganidza munyaya kupfuura ndandanda zvose anozivikanwa nzira:

• chechi;
• nenzvimbo mepu;
• kambasi;
• mapfumbamwe nesayenzi nzira Abdel-Aziz Sallam;
• Mapurogiramu ekombiyuta ( "Qibla Compass");
• zvemaziso dzokurinda;
• mubvunzo kune chiremera munhu.

Sezvo zviri zvikuru kukosha uye dzinonakidza mubvunzo, tigokuitira nomumwe nzira yoga.

Kuziva Qiblah of chechi

Kana guta renyu rine chechi, ipapo uchava usina matambudziko tsanangudzo Qibla. Mushure pakutanga chivakwa ose ezvitendero ari panyika vechimoziremu inovakwa nenzira kuti minyengetero vose nguva dzose rinotungamirirwa akananga kuJerusarema.

Kana uri kuenda chechi, kunyatsoongorora kumativi, uchaona chiduku semicircular niche - mihrab. Imhaka nokuti munyengetero seboka pamusoro Imam. Nisha anogara nezvatinovavarira kurutivi Mecca. Naizvozvo, kana kunyengetera chechi, unogona nguva dzose kuva nechokwadi chokuti chiso mugwara.

Kana yakawanda vanhu, kunobatsira kuona qibla munamato dhende ari chechi. In vazhinji vavo nomuseve inoratidza nhungamiro chasainwa "qibla". Inoita upenyu nyore vechiMuslim vanochengeta ose nachiremba ose Allah. Uyewo, zviri mumahotera dzakawanda munyika kuona zviratidzo nemiseve achinongedzera Mecca.

Zvinofadza kuti muna makarekare kuvakwa mosques kwagara kukwezvwa mukuru vakachenjera stargazers vaigona chaizvo kutaura umo mirayiridzo ndiye Kaaba tsvene. Mune ramangwana, nyaya idzi achitaurirwa ezvivako avo, kuwedzera ayo basa chikuru, kuzvigona tsanangudzo achitungamirirwa Qibla.

Zvino kuvaka chechi iri nyore zvikuru, nokuti unogona kutaridzwa yakarurama mirayiridzo achishandisa dzakasiyana-siyana achishandisa, hunoita kuti mumwe dhigirii kuona nzvimbo Mecca pachinhu nezverimwe pasi.

Sezvineiwo, hapana pakati zvose Islamic mosques ndoga, anomira nokuda kwayo rinokosha maitiro - ine qibla maviri. Hatina kupera kutaura pamusoro chishamiso ichi mu nyaya yedu.

Chechienzi mamiriro muna Saudi Arabia

The Medina ndiyo chechi mbiri Keeble, kana Masjid al-Kiblatayn. Chivako ichi ndicho chete rwaro, nekuti ine maviri mihrab, uye nokudaro inoratidza qibla maviri. niche First rinonyatsotarira Jerusarema, uye wechipiri Mecca. Kubva chechi iyi chokuita chimwe chezvinhu tsika Muslim yekare.

Munguva upenyu Muporofita Muhammad, apo Qiblah akashumira Quds, aiwanzotaura akaita namaz panzvimbo chechi ano. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti uyu apo muprofita akanyengetera kuna Allah kutuma pasi mumwe qibla idzva iri kuramba tichishanda kusawirirana pakati vaMuslim uye vaJudha. Right panguva yokunyengetera, Muhammad akagamuchira zvakazarurwa naMwari uye pakarepo akatendeuka akananga Mecca. Vose vanamati pakarepo vakatevera sutu. Saka, mumaziso evanhu vakawanda, chiitiko chinokosha - shanduko qibla. A chechi rava chiratidzo ichi kuchinja rinokosha kuti akabata upenyu mutendi wose, rine mbiri mihrab.

chivakwa Religious pachayo yakaitwa nenzira yakanakisisa netsika mapurani Muslim. It ane yakaoma geometric chimiro, akatarwa vaviri minareeteissa uye domes. Sezvo chechi iri pamateru, zviri kuoneka sei munyengetero horo rinopfuura kubva pamwero mumwe uye rine mamwe Maberere. rising kwenhema, inomiririra rekare mirayiridzo munamato, zvakanaka chokuita mumwe maberere duku huru kanopi uye vateereri. Tsanangudzo iyi inogona kurondwa Qibla kuchinja muitiro kuti kwakaitika makore akawanda apfuura.

Externally, asi chechi haisi akasiyana zvikuru kubva dzakawanda zvivako izvi. Panguva iyoyo, yaiva reconstructed uye chinoshanda.

How kuona mirayiridzo Qibla nekambasi

Uyu ndiwo mumwe nyore chaizvo inokwanisika nzira kuona uri kupi chokuita Kaaba matsvene. Pashure kambasi - ndiwo nhau chakatengeswa akawanda zvitoro uye kunokosha vakasvimha mari. Uyezve, zviri nzira iyi, imwe nzira kana imwe chokuita vamwe zvizhinji ticharamba kutsanangura zvinotevera zvikamu ino.

Somuenzaniso, iwe ita munamato muMoscow. How kuona umo mirayiridzo unofanira kusangana? Hazvina nyore. Munyengetero unofanira kuziva, chii pamusoro vagari nechepakati Russia iri kumaodzanyemba Mecca. Naizvozvo, unofanira kutora nekambasi yokuziva pfungwa chinongedzo, uye ipapo kuenda kumaodzanyemba. Sezvo kana zvose matanho nyore izvi, iwe nguva dzose kuziva zvakanaka.

Uye zvakadini nezvimwe zvikamu nyika yedu uye nyika dzakavakidzana? Unoziva sei Somuenzaniso, vatungamirire qibla chinongedzo muna Makhachkala? Izvi haisi shoma nyore muitiro: vanogara kuCaucasus, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan uye Kyrgyzstan, tinofanira akatarira zasi-kumadokero. Zvaiva imomo pamusoro pavo Mecca.

Kuchamhembe-rwamavirazuva Russia neUkraine Qiblah mirayiridzo kunosvika kumaodzanyemba. zvarakasiya Minor kubva mureza kukarukureta ndiye St. Petersburg, asi haisi chaiyo mhosva. The hadith rinoratidza kuti munamato uye chokupika netsika haina kunodiwa zvinoenderana zvakarurama kusvika madhigirii. Simply nemazvo dzokumabvazuva muchadenga. How kuona peDare Qibla asina kambasi? Uyu ndiwo mubvunzo zvakajairika tigokupa mhinduro.

Map - mubatsiri kuziva qibla

Kana kambasi pedyo imi vasina, uye nenzvimbo mepu iri mumaoko enyu, uchabva nyore kutsungirira basa kuwana Kaaba. Ngatitorei muenzaniso iwoyo; waita munamato muMoscow uye vanoda kuwana qibla. Imi chete vanofanira kuwana mbiri pfungwa pamepu - Moscow uye Mecca, uye ipapo Pakusarudza pfungwa chinongedzo kufamba kumaodzanyemba. Vazhinji vakatendeka kuvhiringidzika kuri chinhu ichi audzwa, nekuti pasina kambasi iri nani zvakaoma kuona pfungwa chinongedzo. We achakupai nepanomboratidza:

• Mumvuri masikati. Kana hwindo zuva, ipapo unofanira kuenda uye kudzokera chinovheneka yedu. The akadonha mumvuri chichava Pointer kuchamhembe, kurudyi rworuboshwewo divi achava kumabvazuva nokumavirira azvaitwa. mutemo uyu unoshanda kana iwe uri muna Northern Hemisphere. In Southern mumumvuri wako achava kuratidza nekusiyana, nechokumaodzanyemba.
• Polar Star. Ichi chekare nzira Pointer vezvikepe uye vafambi angabatsira mune kutsvaka Qibla. Kana denga usiku hwakajeka, iwe nyore tsvaka North Star, riri muswe weboka renyeredzi Ursa Minor. Kana tikaswedera munhu perpendicular pasi, uye ichanongedza iwe kuchamhembe kwayo. Shure rwezasi, kurudyi - kumabvazuva, uye kuruboshwe side- kumavirira.

Tinovimba kuti tichibatsirwa yokutenda kwedu uchagara kukwanisa kuona zviri nyore kutungamirirwa Qibla.

Qibla uye zvemaziso dzokurinda: nyore uye pindika nzira

Nzira iyi ine chokuita yapfuura maviri, nekuti iwe vanodawo zuva uye achiziva chaipo apo muri, kuti kunzwisisa chii venyika chinofanira kutsvaka.

Unofanira kuisa wachi iri sandara penyika kuitira kuti museve duku achinongedzera zuva. The zvichiguma angled pakati museve chiratidzo uye nenguva gumi o'clock rakakamurwa zviviri zvakaenzana zvikamu, zvichaita kunongedzera bisector uye kumaodzanyemba. Uye yeuka kuti asati masikati rwezasi kuchava kurudyi kubva chiedza, uye ipapo - kuruboshwe. Shandisa nzira iyi inogona kuva kubva o'clock nhanhatu mangwanani o'clock nhanhatu ari manheru.

Scientific basa Abdel-Aziz Sallam

Zviri kunyanya kuoma kuona chaiyo peDare Qibla vaMuslim vaigara America. Pashure dzose mirayiridzo rinowanikwa inobva pfupisa kure pakati mbiri dzinokosha panyika. Naizvozvo, pakati American vechiMuslim rega pamusoro qibla. Dzimwe nguva munamato rinoitwa panyaya wausina kumigumo yenyika.

Anenge gumi apfuura ichi nyaya chakakomba chaiva musoro dzokusiyirana, izvo zvamakatiitira Abdel-Aziz Sallam, tsvakurudzo wakayeriswa Qibla dzinenge upenyu hwake hwose. Akauyawo nechipiriso vateereri basa rake zvesayenzi, rine mapfumbamwe kwesayenzi nzira dzinogona kuva pamberi vamwe ruzivo kushandiswa muupenyu hwezuva nezuva,

• Svomhu. Pano, mitemo mhinduro kubva idenderedzwa zvokuridza, uyewo nzira yokuita Sine hafu-angled.
• Trigonometric pamatafura. Ivo anoshandiswa nzira mbiri, uye anobva pakuti Masvomhu nevaIjipiti vekare.
• The zvomuchadenga bhora. Nzira iyi ndiyo yakanaka vezvikepe vanoda kurondedzera meridians uye upamhi Kaaba pamwe rekona kuti zvinodiwa zvomuchadenga bhora. Nzira anorondedzerwa mabasa kwesayenzi wechishanu, ndiye chete, asi anoshandisa pedenderedzwa zvomuchadenga bhora.
• Rechitanhatu uye rechinomwe nzira dzinobva kubvuma Kaaba Sepokutangira wekushandisa mano.
• Perpendicular zuva. Kaviri mugore, nyeredzi rwedu perpendicular kuna Kaaba, zvinogona kuonekwa kubva pasi pose. Saka zviri zvokuti kuona chiitiko ichi kamwe uye vozvigadzirira kutungamirirwa muenzaniso wakanaka kune zvimwe kukwanisa nguva dzose kutarira akananga Mecca.

• munamato kadhi. Rave zvikurukuru akagadzira vanhu America uye anobvumira kuti kushandisa izvi kuverenga pamakona mugwara.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvose nzira dzakasiyana zvakadaro zvinowanikwa kuti akarurama uye anogona kushandiswa chero nguva.

combiyta

pamusoro qibla mirayiridzo namaz rubatsiro kuziva dzakasiyana ekombiyuta. Zvino vane dzakakurumbira chaizvo uye zvakafanana, pane zvikumbiro smartphones uye mahwendefa, iyo kana achimhanya ratidza imi apo unofanira zvayaitenderera paguyo panguva namaz chiso.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti mapurogiramu aya akasiyana chaizvo, vaMuslim vakawanda pfupisa vavo pasi rimwe zita - ". Qibla nekambasi" Pashure pezvose, chero zvazvingava, pamberi penyu pane kupendwa kambasi, museve panotaura Kaaba. Kazhinji, zvirongwa zvakadaro vane zvakafanana noruzhinji:

• kuridza Notifications pamusoro pakutanga munamato;
• kambasi;
• rekodhi ndima kubva Koran;
• mazita mosques pedyo;
• Islamic karenda uye zvakafanana.

In Zvinotaurwa, zvirongwa izvi yekudyidzana aivabatsira upenyu vakatendeka, nokuti unogona kushandisa navo pose. Zvino rinenge nzira yakarurama zvikuru kuziva Qibla kuti anozivikanwa zvose.

The mubvunzo mumwe Muslim

Kana iwe usingakwanisi kuzvidzivirira pachako kutungamirirwa kweQibla kune chimwe chikonzero kana chimwe, zvinobvumirwa kubvunza musikana anokonzera kuvimba. Vanhu vazhinji vanonetseka pamusoro pechiitiko chakadaro kuti muteereri anogonawo kukanganisa uye zvisina kururama kuratidza mutungamiri. Ramba uchifunga kuti munyaya iyi mumwe munhu akakanganisa haazoonekwa sechivi. Iwe unogona kugadzikana kunyora munyengetero nechiso mumugwagwa wakatarwa, asi kana ukawana nzira yakarurama inofanirwa kuchinja. Uye ita mamwe maitiro nenzira yakarurama.

Zvinonakidza kuti kana sechikonzero chezviito chero chipi zvacho pamunamato munoona kuti uri kukanganisa, unofanira kubva uchitarisa chiso chako munzira yakarurama uye ramba uchinyengetera.

Mashoko mashomanana mukupedzisa

Tinovimba kuti nyaya yedu yakakunakira iwe, uye isu takapa mhinduro dzose kumibvunzo yakabatana ne qiblah. Iye zvino iwe unogona kugara uchiita namaz nemimwe mitambo inotarisana neKaaba. Uye izvi zvakarurama, nokuti ndizvo izvo Mwari akarayira kuburikidza neMuporofita Muhammad. Asi, kuedza kuita zviito zvose zvakarurama uye maererano neQur'an uye hadith, usakanganwa nezvechinhu chikuru. Upenyu hweMuslim anonyangadza hunofanira kuzadzwa nekuchena kwemweya uye chido chekurarama maererano nezvibvumirano zveWekumusoro-soro, uye kana pane chimwe chikonzero iwe haugoni kutsanangurira kutungamirirwa kweKibibra, usaora mwoyo. Rakanyorwa muHadith kuti zviri nani kunyengetera nemoyo wose, kusingaziva kuti Mecca chii, pane kunyengetera pasina chekuda kwekutenda mumoyo, asi kune chinangwa che qiblah.