Forest mhuka dziri muna Red muBhuku Russia: Photo uye tsananguro

Nezvokumutswa kunyangarika mumakore achangopfuura zvinhu zvakawanda kasvisto uye fauna of kunodiwa kutora zvashata matanho kuvanunura. Pasinei nokuti mhuka dziri muna Red muBhuku Russia, vari pasi chaiyo kudzivirirwa hurumende, nhamba yevanhu vamwe vavo vakaramba kusviba.

Zvikonzero kunyangarika mhuka

Iri idambudziko kunyika dzakawanda. Complete Kutsakatika kwemarudzi mazhinji ezvinhu mhuka iri redu iri chainyanya kukosheswa conservationists. Chikonzero chikuru kuti chiitiko ichi kuonekwa kutyorwa rwokuzvarwa pachiyero semubairo kushatiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, ine tigume mhuka.

It mukuru basa uye consumerist mafungiro munhu zvakasikwa. Poaching akatitungamira kuti yekudyidzana ungaderedza vokuparidzira kwemarudzi mazhinji ezvinhu mhuka uye vamwe vavo akanyangarika nokusingaperi. nyika yedu - hapana anosara. Vari vava kuda kutsakatika uye mhuka dziri muna Red muBhuku Russia (rondedzero kupfuura chisingawanzowaniki vavo anopiwa munyaya ino).

The Red Book kweRussia

Kuwedzera International Red Book, gwaro akasikwa Russia muna 2001. Rine mashoko pamusoro chinzvimbo uye kuparadzirwa nemhuka isingawanzowanikwi uye zvinomera munharaunda nyika yedu, avo mamiriro, uye kudzivirirwa matanho. The Red Book - chiyeuchidzo vose sei kuzvidzivirira hunhu hwedu. Kuvandudza zvavo magariro zvamakaparadza kubva masango uye abudise kuti wetlands, mumwe Musakanganwa vaya pedyo. Chero bedzi ichi ndicho chete yorugwaro, ine mashandiro kudzivirira fauna of uye kasvisto.

Chokwadi kuti kuitwa conservationists kudzikamisa zvinhu, akati ndechokuti vamwe nemhuka dziri munyika Red muBhuku Russia, chinamatidzwa mazita re iri nyoro mapeji aro achizivisa pamusoro fauna of uye kasvisto kuti ndakakunda dzinonetsa pfungwa kwevanhu rutapudzo.

Kunyange zvakadaro, pangozi emhuka kurarama munyika yedu ichiri zvikuru, kwazvo.

aurochs

mhuka idzi simba vari kusvika mamita maviri uye achirema dzimwe nguva zvakawanda kupfuura chiuru makirogiramu vakanga voda chose kudzimwa mu dzomusango kusvikira pakutanga rokupedzisira remakore. Nhamba yevanhu vakanga chete munzvimbo dzinochengetwa mhuka kuEurope. Izvi kwamuka nokuda kuparadzwa kwemasango, nhamba iri kuwedzera nemisha evanhu ari nzvimbo kuti bison, uyewo zvakasimba kuvhima.

Nepo yakapfuura mhuka idzi simba uye akanaka kazhinji kuwana kwete chete mumasango, asiwo akazaruka dzezvimwe, yakaramba kuCaucasus uye Bialowieza Forest ari 20s kuRussia bison pakupedzisira wavatsakatisa kwemutemo. The hwaro ruminant simbi chete huri vakatapwa mumwe chete (mu dzinochengetwa mhuka, nemaruva uye t. D.).

Pasinei chokwadi kuti nhasi ari bison - mhuka dziri muna Red muBhuku Russia, vagari wavo achiri muduku zvikuru, uye vachiri pangozi.

Amur ingwe

zvichida ichi ndicho chikamu chikuru katsi munyika. muviri wake rinosvika 3 metres kureba. Animal uremu anenge 300 makirogiramu. The Amur ingwe ane nemishonga kuti chando, kuronga rookery zvavo chando uye kuva ikoko kwenguva yakareba. mhuka iyi anoda kunyanya dondo pamwe kumawere uye matombo outcrops, iri nyore kuonekwa kubva nzvimbo dzakapoteredza.

Vagari Primorsky Territory, yaigarwa anotyisa chikara, vanomunamata. In mutauro wavo unonzi "Amba" Amur ingwe, izvo zvinoreva kuti "guru". Kunyange zvakadaro, izvi hazvina kuzviponesa kubva kutsakatika. Kunyange XIX remakore, sedzimwe mhuka dzose dzomusango, akanyorwa muna Red Book dzeRussia, Amur ingwe chaiva vakawanda kwenhamba yevanhu zvipenyu zvipenyu. Asi kuparadzwa kwemasango, kudzora kupfura, poaching kwakatungamirira kuti pakutanga remakore rapfuura, mhuka idzi dzakanga chete kupfuura kure makona taiga. Paivawo vanhu hapana anopfuura 50.

Nhasi, nemhaka kutsigira zvisikwa uye akadzidza Amur ingwe hwevanhu muRussia yakawedzera zvinooneka. Zvino nyika yedu pane vanenge 450 vanhu.

Ussuri shrew

Rave zvishoma nezvishoma kuderera mumakore achangopfuura, uye nhamba hofori shrew. mumiririri uyu shrew mhuri rakanyatsojeka guru - kusvika 10 masendimita.

Zvinganaka izvozvo anogara Deciduous kana masango vakavhengana, kumaodzanyemba Primorye. mhuka idzi vanobatanidzwa Red Book kweRussia, vanosarudza dondo, kuti dziri murwizi mumipata uye kuzivana kutema kana moto. Yokuderedza vanhu kwemarudzi ichi sei chinhu shrews kubereka mwana kamwe munguva yezhizha yose. Kusvikira ikozvino, masayendisiti haana kukwanisa kumisa zvepabonde reshiyo, uye uwandu pups por nemarara. The chikuru zvokudya hofori shrew kumusoro earthworms, icho anokwanisa dzokubvisa kunyange kubva gobvu chaizvo ivhu.

Amur ingwe katsi

Izvi anotyisa mavara chikara, izvo zvinogona kusvika 1 meter, anonyanya zvinhu: mumwe nomumwe akasiyana nemamwe muenzaniso jasi, uye huma vari mitsetse inopenya uye kwasviba. Animal anogara kunyanya rwezasi East Far uye Primorsky Territory.

Amur katsi vakaita nevanhu kuderera mune miti, kuti moto uye mamwe mabasa evanhu. Ichi chimwe chikonzero chikuru nei nhasi kunyangarika mamwe marudzi. Vanobatanidzwa Red muBhuku Russia, vanowana mukana kuchengeta kwevanhu vavo. Saka, nhamba yevanhu venyika Amur katsi ichangobva kwakawedzera zvikuru.

Sakhalin musk nondo

Iduku kunyange-toed ungulates kuti nondo mhuri, nhasi iri panjodzi yacho. uwandu hwevanhu yavo yadzikira zvikuru pakupera rokupedzisira remakore. Kuwanda mhando ichi nhasi haisi kupfuura 650 vanhu uye kunoita kutapudzwa, saka kuchengeteka matanho pamusoro pavo nonyanya kukosha.

mhuka idzi vanobatanidzwa Red Book kweRussia (Photo anogona kuwanikwa munyaya ino), kurarama kunyanya coniferous masango, iri munzvimbo dzine makomo ose pachitsuwa Sakhalin. Asi nyanga vanhurume ndivo sableobraznye canines, izvo kureba masendimita 10. Musk nondo anokwanisa kuita maviri mita nzvimbo akasvetuka.

hove zizi

The muviri Kureba pakukura Russia namazizi zvinogona kusvika 70 cm. Uyezve, vanhukadzi zvishoma kupfuura varume. Anogara hove zizi kubva kwevanhu ugaro nzvimbo, vachisarudza havo kugadzirisa makawanda masango pedyo ine makungwa nenzizi, akapfuma hove. Mukutsvaka nyama, kazhinji agere padombo guru, uye akatarira mumvura. Kuona hove, zizi swoops pasi uye pakarepo anobvuta kubva mumvura. Zvokudya shiri idzi zvakare crayfish, matatya vanonzwa kuti makumbo pamusoro pasi mudhamu. Fish zizi haidereri pane zhinji mhuka mudondo akanyorwa muna Red muBhuku Russia, vaida kudzivirirwa, kureva. A. The nhamba yevanhu yave kuramba huchidzikira.

ingwe The Far Eastern

Ndiyo imwe imwe vamiririri katsi mhuri, riri kuda kutsakatika. Habitat yawo tunogara kumaodzanyemba ndima Primorsky Krai, iyo pari vanozivikanwa hapana vanhu vanopfuura 50.

Far East (kana Amur) ingwe ine zvimwe tichienzanisa nedzimwe hama. mbava Its dzinosiyana-siyana zvikuru zvichienderana nemwaka. Kana muzhizha ine inopenya ruvara uye vaifanira kureba 2.5 cm, ipapo chando zvasvika 6-7 masendimita uye anova kupenya. Beautiful mbava mumwe zvikonzero kuderera chavagari mhuka idzi. Pedyo dondo, kumusha Amur ingwe dziri mumisha, neminda, uye izvi zvinoita mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka nokuda kwemutemo. Vaparadzwe haibatsiri chinhu chete mbada, asiwo dzimwe mhuka dzakawanda mudondo, akanyorwa muna Red muBhuku Russia.

Sadza zvokudya Amur mbada vanoumba nondo, ane nhamba dziri dzomusango kunoderedza. Nyaya apo varidzi nondo mapurazi kuuraya zvikara vanotsauka munharaunda yavo dzichitsvaka zvokudya.

Nokuda vanoshingaira dzevanhu zvoupfumi mabasa kunze kuFar East kubva 1970 kusvika 1983., Area dzinogarisana pamusoro Amur mbada yava yakaderera nezvikamu zvinopfuura 80%. Today akabata rinokosha kwezvakatipoteredza kudzivirirwa matanho zvainanga, kuitira kudzivirira mhuka idzi ikodzere kwevanhu simba panyika uye kuwedzera nhamba yevanhu venyika Amur mbada.

Mhuka unochinja. Naizvozvo, mazita, Pachikamu, iyo mhuka dziri muna Red Book kweRussia nhasi vanogona kuva nomudzimai makore kutarisa zvakasiyana. Ndinoda kutenda kuti marudzi akawanda fauna of vava kuda kutsakatika, achava mitema mapeji gwaro.