Flightless shiri. List pamusoro flightless shiri

Shiri vasingagoni kubhururuka, anonzwisiswa sezvo wokumwe, semhuka, asingakwanisi kufamba, hove kana vasiri vanoshambira. Sei mune iyi, tinoda mapapiro zvisikwa izvi, kana vasingagoni avaite mudenga? Zvisinei, pane redu, pane mapoka yose zvisikwa zvakadai. Vamwe vanogara munyika inopisa African savanna, mumwe - musi nechando pamhenderekedzo Antarctica, uye wechitatu - pazvitsuwa New Zealand.

okutanga

Kana tikaenzanisa dzose eshiri kuripo pamusoro yedu, flightless shiri nenzvimbo mugove duku tichienzanisa flyers. Sei zvakadaro? The ndechokuti kukwanisa kubhururuka zvinovabatsira kuti vararame munyika yose mhuka. Mapapiro kwete chete kuponesa shiri kubva pazvikara, asi kupa mukana zvokudya zvavo pachavo. Saka, kundotsvaka shiri zvokudya vanokwanisa kukunda madaro marefu, uye zviri zvakawanda nyore pane kuti scour nyika kunotsvaka zvokudya. Uyezve, flyers vanogona kuvaka matendere adzo kuti dzidzo wevana panguva yakawanda pakakwirira, vanoumba kako havazokwanisi kusvika muvengi ane ngozi. Zvakaratidza kuti shiri inogona kubhururuka, zviri nyore zvikuru kuti vararame munyika utsinye pasi zita "nemhuka". Mano Izvi zvakavabatsira kuti vave kirasi yechipiri pakukura vertebrates. Somuenzaniso, vaongorori pamusana 8,500 siyana eshiri, mhuka, asi mhando 4,000 chete. Kana ndege ndiyo shiri iri rinokosha zvakadaro nzira vapone, nei vamwe havatakuri unyanzvi ichi? Sezvo dzakashandisa kurarama flightless shiri? Mienzaniso tichakurukura pazasi. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti shiri idzi mangwanani zvakare kukwanisa kubhururuka, asi mukufamba shanduka vakafirwa kugona ichi. Well, ngationei kuti chii chinoumba zvisikwa vatorwa kwakadaro.

Flightless shiri: zvawanyora

1. Pingvinoobraznye. zvisikwa ava chikamu chikuru hwavo mumvura. Somugumisiro dzidziso azvo dzakachinjwa uye akafanana zvimbi, ivo wakakodzera kuva chakanakisisa vanoshambira kuti.
2. Ratite. Nemhou - ndiwo shiri pakukura rinobururuka. Zvinondiremera kwazvo kubhururuka. Kusimudza mumhepo yakawanda anotora mapapiro makuru, ukuwo, uye bapiro tsandanyama kunge kunyange kwakanyanya uye kusimba.
3. Nanduobraznye. Ratio airfoil bapiro uye muviri kukura shiri idzi ndechokuti kunyange rakakura kurova mapapiro haangarevi uchaimutsa mumhepo.
4. Casuariiformes. Kazhinji izvi pamwe chete yokuzviparadzanisa ratite. Zvinosanganisira mhuri mbiri: Emu uye Kazuarovye.
5. Kiviobraznye. Kiwis vari flightless ratites. kurema yavo 3-3.5 makirogiramu, uye urefu -. 50-80 masendimita muviri pakavha ndinosika hairlike minhenga.
6. Dzisingambosvikiki Island Rail. Nderake Unorudzi gruiformes. It iduku nhengo flightless shiri. It anoyera 13-15 cm uye uremu - chete 37-40 of akati mhando kunoitika parimwe pazvitsuwa Tristan Da Cunha.
7. Kakapo chihwenga. Chimwe zita - nezizi chihwenga. Uyu chaizvo yakakura uye chisingawanzowaniki mumiririri kwemarudzi inowanikwa mumasango ari South Island New Zealand.

Flightless shiri: PENGUIN

zvisikwa izvi ndezvipi vanoshambira siyana. Zvinowanika chete kumaodzanyemba hemisphere yedu. Vazhinji vavo vanogara Antarctica, asi dzimwe mhando vanogona kurarama mu unozvidzora kana kunyange Tropical mumamirire ekunze. Vamwe vamiririri pingvinoobraznyh kuitwa mvura kusvika 75% hwavo. Shiri idzi flightless anogona kugara pasi mvura nokuda rinorema uye zvakaoma mapfupa, izvo vashumire kutsigisa igwa, sezvo rinorema bhandi nokuda dhaivha. Penguinkuva mapapiro kunge wakashanduka-shanduka kupinda flippers. Vanobatsira kudzora inofamba iri aqueous unosvikirwa ari kumhanya 15 mamaira / awa. Shiri idzi vane streamlined muviri chimiro chakatodzana chovha netsoka, imwe insulating rukoko mafuta uye minhenga isapinda. ehupfumi izvi kubvumira Penguinkuva kuti vanzwe vakasununguka kunyange chando mvura. Kuti angadziyirwa, vane dzakaoma zvikuru uye kunyatsotevera chaizvo munzvimbo dzokuzororera dzaiva minhenga kuti anopa mvura. Chimwe chinhu kuti unobvumira kurarama mu dzesango, iri chena uye rutema mavara shiri aongororwe yakasiyana. Zvinoita Penguinkuva usingaonekwi pazvikara vapasi uye kubva kumusoro. Shiri idzi vanogara mapoka, kusvika pakukura chiuru vashomanana. Penguins ndivo kupfuura vakawanda vamiririri "neletunov". Somuenzaniso, mashoko Antarctic pamhenderekedzo iri akashanyira gore negore nokuda kusvika mamiriyoni 24 chezvisikwa izvi.

ratite

African mhou - ndiwo kupfuura shiri iri redu. kukura kwavo anogona kusvika 2.7 m, uye uremu - 160 makirogiramu. Shiri idzi flightless kudya uswa, mabukira pamiti yose, havazvidzi zvipembenene vertebrates diki. Zvakasikwa, vaiona kusikwa mhenyu mumapoka maduku - mumwe murume nevakadzi vanoverengeka. Mhou vane unopinza chaizvo chiratidzo uye kwazvo kunzwa. Ndivo dzokumhanya zvakaisvonaka. Kana ngozi, Mhou aigona kusvika aimhanya 70 km / h. Uyezve, iye rakaisvonaka murwi, netsoka dzakapfava ake didactylism - chombo chakakura. Nditongerei woga pamusoro imwe sendimita muviri kana uchikava shiri iyi anopinda simba makirogiramu 50. Mukuwedzera kumhanya uye kwazvo kurwa unhu, Mhou zvakasiyana kukwanisa vachizviita zvakanaka. Kana ngozi, orara uye runonditsikirira mutsipa uye musoro pasi, somugumisiro zvakaoma kusiyanisa kubva zvavo mugwenzi. Sezvaunogona kuona, mumiririri "neletunov" zvakakwana kujairana kurarama mu dzomusango.

Nanduobraznye

Shiri idzi flightless dzakazara South America: Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Uruguay uye Paraguay. Vanogara Pampas (akazaruka dzezvimwe, prairies), azere uswa nemiti. The mukuru otonga kureba 140 cm kwayo uremu - 20-25 makirogiramu. Nechitarisiko uye mararamiro afanane emhou Rhea, asi masayendisiti anodavira kuti chinhu chakasiyana zvachose marudzi. Zvakasikwa, shiri Data vanogara mapoka 30 vanhu. Kana ngozi mukuru Rhea anogona kusvika aimhanya kusvika 60 km / h. Pakati zvepanyama zvikara anogona abate vakuru - jaguars uye pumas. Asi jaya vanorwiswa kurwisa dzembwa dzomusango. Uyezve, kufanana armadillos kuparadza matendere shiri idzi.

casuariiformes

Shiri idzi flightless vane zvakawanda pamwe mhou, asi musiyano mukuru ndiye tridactyl paw. Zvinowanika mu Australia uye New Guinea. In kukupfura ichi mhuri mbiri chete: Emu uye Kazuarovye. Recent kusvika 170 masendimita pakureba kwavo kurema ndiwo makirogiramu 80. Ivo vanoonekwa ne laterally compressed muromo uye nyanga "ngowani" mumusoro. Kusiyana nemhou uye Rhea, cassowary kugara musango makwenzi. Vanodya wawa miti yemichero uye mhuka duku. Mamwe nenhengo chikwata ichi akafanana pedyo nehama dzavo - mhou.

Kiviobraznye

Vamiriri ava rudzi vari usiku uye kurarama rizere Masango New Zealand. Masikati kiivi yokuvanda ari mumakwenzi uye guru mumatenhere omusango, uye usiku dzichidzungaira achitsvaka zvokudya, izvo zvinokonzerwa zvakanaka dzakabudirira kunhuhwidza. Vakaguta nehonye uye dzimwe invertebrates, izvo kudzura ari nyoro ivhu. With refu muromo shiri idzi kwete chete kutsvaka zvokudya, asi kuti indentations diki iri shizha nemarara, iyo vavande.

Sasvikika Island Rail

It iduku flightless shiri munyika. Zvino ichi mhando hwaponeswa chete pachitsuwa asiri tsotsi (iye akasununguka kubva kuvanhu uye zvikara) rezvitsuwa Tristan Da Cunha. Kare, shiri idzi aiita dzose dzakapoteredza zviwi, asi chena murume kupinza katsi vakaparadza chose navo ichi mhando. Cowherd anoda akazaruka nomumatondo uye Fern mumatenhere. Rinodya moths, earthworms, mbeu uye michero.

chihwenga kakapo

shiri iyi rwakaiswa panjodzi. Iye haigoni kubhururuka, asi unogona kuronga imwe yakakwirira pasi. Pasinei kuvapo bapiro mukuru-sosaiti, kakapo ane simba tsandanyama uye rinorema pfupa pasina mhepo muhomwe. The shiri iri usiku uye anodya Mashizha ferns, mosses, michero uye howa.

Nokutsakatika flightless shiri

The yakakurumbira nhasi yakatotsakatika "neletunami" ndiyo tvo Great uye ari waDhodho shiri. Wokutanga ndowenyika auks mhuri. muviri kureba kwakanga 70 cm. Mapapiro vakanga duku chaizvo, asi yakanyatsokodzera Paddling mumvura. The Shiri zvachose kudzimwa muzana remakore rechi19. Dodo kana Mauritian waDhodho - iri yakatotsakatika flightless shiri kuti kugarwa chitsuwa Mauritius muna Indian Ocean. Rave chose nokuda chena murume uye importations nekatsi panguva kuwedzera munyika.

mhedziso

Saka isu akatarira sei kuchinja kurarama mu dzomusango flightless shiri. Zvinyore sezvaungaona, pfungwa, zvikuru-siyana. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti chokutanga "neletuny" akazviratidza pazvitsuwa nokuti kuti zvokudya pakanga zhinji, kunze zvachose ndisipo nezvikara. Zvakanga pamwe ichi anotsanangura chokwadi kuti izvi zvinhu zvakafanana vasara vanhu kubva dzakabudirira uye underdeveloped mapapiro, kana zvachose pasina pavo.