Fivha: Danho, zviratidzo, zvinokonzera, kurapwa

Chii nhokwe? Stage ezvinhu, zvinokonzera uye zviratidzo zvinokurukurwa pazasi. Nesuwo kukuudzai sei kurapa chirwere.

Pakusarudza zvokurapa izwi

Non-chaizvo chirwere pezvakaitwa dzinoratidzwa pfupi kuwedzera tembiricha muviri nokuda simba kugadziridzwa thermoregulatory hurongwa pasi pokudzora pyrogens (kureva, okunze, kufurira fivha), inonzi fivha. In mushonga, riri kuonekwa kuti mumugariro amuka somunhu wokudzivirira uye adaptive norudaviro kwevanhu kana mhuka hweHIV. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti fivha, matanho ayo akanyorwa pazasi, achiperekedzwa kwete chete kuwedzera tembiricha muviri, asi zvimwe mananara chakanangana zvirwere zvinotapukira.

Musimboti febrile urwere

Hazvina chakavanzika zhinji zvinotapukira uye nemavhairasi nezvirwere vari pamwe kuwedzera muviri tembiricha murwere. Uyezve, pamberi chirwere, zvakabuda atumidzwa fivhiri. Zvisinei, vanamazvikokota vanoti vari ano musayenzi kunzwisisa ichi hachisi chirwere. Asi pasinei neizvi, vamwe mazita izwi chirwere masangano vachiripo (semuenzaniso, Hemorrhagic Fivha Ebola fivha pappatachi, Rocky Mountain makwapa fivha, etc.).

Sei tembiricha inokwira apo avo kana zvimwe zvirwere? Fivha Kukosha ndechokuti zano thermoregulation murume uye dzakanga mhuka homoiothermal anopindura zvimwe zvinhu inonzi pyrogens. Zvinoguma chinguvana zvaizopedza setpoint homeostasis (tembiricha) kuti LEVEL. Panguva thermoregulation zvigadziriswe vari kuchengetedzwa. Ndicho chikuru musiyano pakati hyperthermia nefivha.

Zvinokonzera fivha

Nei tembiricha inokwira munhu kana mhuka? VaBennett nefivha kukura, pane zvakawanda. Zvisinei, zvinotevera ndizvo rakajairika:

1. Utachiona, zvirwere uye pathogenic utachiona, tupukanana. Dzavo tsvina uye avo chinoumba zvikamu zviri pirogeno- makemikari kuita pamusoro thermoregulatory centre.
2. Non-rwarisa zvinokonzera. Pakati pavo vane exogenous mapuroteni: yokudzivirira, serums, chepfu nyoka, kuisira ropa uye zvakawanda. Kunosanganisirawo yayo mapuroteni ane muviri mupenyu kuti zvakachinja ehupfumi ayo somugumisiro kutsva, mupfungwa, bundu lysis, ropa riri tishu.

Other zvinokonzera febrile urwere

Sei fivha kunoitika? Zvirwere, Nokumukira kuwedzera tembiricha muviri, angadzorwa chokuita kukanganisika kupisa kuchinjirwa iri kutyora autonomic basa kuyaruka, vana uye vakadzi vechiduku (kureva thermoneurosis). Uyewo fivha inogona kuchinjwa zvinhu zvinotevera:

• Kutora mamwe mishonga. Nyanzvi dzinoti zvimwe mishonga inogona kukanganisa thermoregulation centre, zvichikonzera zvishomanana kuwedzera kupisa muviri.
• An nhaka nyonganyonga iri thermoregulation. Somuenzaniso, vamwe vana gwindiri vanoberekwa vaine tembiricha 37,2-37,4 inegumi. Kwavari, ichi chirwere chakaipa.
• nefivha Low-mugiredhi zvinowanzoitika nokuda overheating, kurovedza muviri nguva dzose, kugara stuffy mukamuri uye kwakanyanya nekupisa.
• Mupfungwa uye anonetsa ezvinhu ari chaizvo kunowanzoguma rakawedzera nokupisa kugadzirwa uye activation pamusoro hypothalamus, iyo inoita kuti muviri.
• Kuwedzera kemikari progesterone vakadzi vane pamuviri zvakare kunokonzera zvishomanana kuwedzera tembiricha. Zvisinei, zvimwe zviratidzo nemavhairasi kana zvirwere zvachose vasipo. ezvinhu akadaro anogona kuchengetwa kusvikira pakupera wokutanga trimester. Zvisinei, vamwe naka pabonde fivha yakaderera wegiredhi pamwe rinenge rose pamuviri.

Chii pai?

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, zvinotapukira uye nemavhairasi zvirwere kazhinji pave nokuwedzera kupisa muviri. Izvi zvinoitika pasi pokudzora pyrogens. Zviri izvi zvinhu kuti vapinde muviri kubva kunze kana kusikwa zvakanaka mukati, zvichikonzera fivha. Kazhinji, exogenous pyrogens muri zvinhu zvinokonzera zvirwere. The hwakasimba izvi thermostable capsular lipopolysaccharide bacteria (giremu negative). yeimwe kwakadaro vanoita sananga. Dzinoita kuti pave misha iri hwakawanda pfungwa iri hypothalamus thermoregulation centre. Vazhinji vavo vane leukocyte mavambo, izvo zvakananga kunokanganisa mumwe zviratidzo zvinokosha. Panobva pyrogens ndiwo zvirwere masero vari kwevanhu, uye granulocytes.

Fivha: siteji

Kukura fivha anoenda kuburikidza huru muzvikamu zvitatu. Chokutanga - tembiricha inokwira, wechipiri muvanhu - iri rakaitirwa kwenguva yakati, uye wechitatu - zvishoma nezvishoma zvinoderedza, richisvika chepakutanga. About sei pathological urongwa hwakadaro, uye chii zviratidzo zviri kuri mavari, tichava kutsanangura pazasi.

Kuwedzera tembiricha

Danho rokutanga nefivhiri chokuita rearrangement pamusoro thermoregulation, apo kupisa kugadzirwa anotanga yekudyidzana kusapfuudza kupisa kutapurirana. Kuderedza yokupedzisira imhaka rutapudzo anofadza ropa riyerere ari zvinyama uye aienda rwengarava ropa arikunze. More kukosha kana zvakadaro kwacho ane cutaneous vascular spasm uye kugumiswa iratidzike seiri kubuda pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu tsitsi tsinga. wokutanga Danho zviratidzo fivha zvinotevera: blanching ganda uye kuderedza tembiricha kwayo uye vakaomerwa kupisa kurasikirwa nokuda nemwaranzi. Rutapudzo kuti ziya inotungamirwa kunodzivisa kupisa kupukunyuka kuburikidza kwemvura.

Marwadzo ose tsandanyama rinenge kunotungamirira nekuratidzwa Chiitiko kuti "hanzi anorovera" muvanhu uye mhuka vzeroshivanie dzemakwai. The kuzviitira Kunzwa chill no nokuda vasanyanye ganda tembiricha, uyewo kutsamwa ane chando thermoreceptors marairirwo pamusoro integument. Kwavari chiratidzo anoenda hypothalamus, inova integrative muzinda thermoregulation. Pashure paizvozvo, iye anoudza cerebral cortex pamusoro mamiriro ezvinhu apo maitiro omunhu uye nezvimiro: kuchitanga akaputirwa nemicheka, tora yakakodzera mamiriro, etc. The kuderera ganda tembiricha iri nokuda tremor dzevanhu uye tsandanyama ... It anokonzerwa activation kuti sekubvunda pakati, riri vemunyika muna medulla uye midbrain.

akabata tembiricha

Danho wechipiri fivha rinotanga pashure kusvika yakatarwa pfungwa. Zvinogona kuitika maawa akawanda kana mazuva, uyewo kuva refu-refu. Saka, kupisa kuchinjirwa nokupisa mwero mumwe. Kumwe kuwedzera kupisa muviri hakuitiki.

midziyo Dermal ropa kechipiri Danho richikura. Uyewo kunosiya pallor yavo. Saka Anobhenda dzapisa kusvika kubata, uye chills uye vaidedereswa nemvura yainaya zvapfuura. Murume Panguva iyi anonzwa kupisa. In mamiriro ichi, diurnal tembiricha zvakasiyana vanoponeswa, asi amplitude dzavo panzvimbo zvikuru kupfuura dzose.

Zvichienderana mwero kuwedzera kupisa kwomuviri fivha yechipiri chikuva dziya marudzi:

• subfebrile tembiricha - kusvika 38 madhigirii;
• zvishomanana fivha - kusvika 38,5;
• febrile kana nepakati - kusvika madhigirii 39;
• pireticheskaya kana mukuru tembiricha - kusvika 41;
• giperpireticheskaya kunyanyisa kana - anopfuura 41 inegumi.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti giperpireticheskaya fivha ngozi kwazvo upenyu hwevanhu, kunyanya vana vaduku.

tembiricha donhwe

kuderera tembiricha muviri zvinogona chimbichimbi kana zvishoma nezvishoma. Danho iri rinotanga pashure fivha apo mumatanda pyrogens kana kugumiswa dzidzo yavo pasi nemadhiragi kana dzinongozviitikira zvinhu. Nokuti donhwe akaisa pfungwa tembiricha rinosvika hwandaiva chechetere. Izvi zvinotungamirira vasodilatation ganda. Saka zvakawandisa kupisa zvishoma nezvishoma kuratidzwa. Muvanhu, pane kunonyengedza vangadikitira, dzinowedzerwa ziya uye weti goho. Heat nounzenza rechitatu padariro fivha zvinoshamisa kwazvo kupisa kugadzirwa.

Mhando fivha

Zvichienderana murwere kuchinja nezuva tembiricha muviri, fivha rakakamurwa marudzi akawanda:

• Permanent - iri refu uye rakadzikama kuwedzera kupisa, diurnal nokufamba izvo haapfuuri 1 dhigirii.
• Remitting - kwakaratidzwa diurnal kushanduka uve kuwanda 1.5-2 inegumi. Apo tembiricha rinosvika kuipa tsika.
• Intermittent - zvokurwara kwakadaro kunoratidzwa nokukurumidza uye chinokosha kuwedzera kupisa. Rinotora kuti maawa mashoma, uye ipapo ari chikatsiviwa nani nokukurumidza kuwira kwomuzvarirwo nhanho.
• Kunetesa kana shinaira - iri mhando diurnal zvakasiyana chisvike 3-5 inegumi. Panguva iyoyowo nemateru pamwe kufambira kuderera inodzokororwa kakawanda zuva rose.
• Akatsveyama - nokuti fivha kunoratidzwa Kuchinja Ritmos mutinhimira vaine ups mangwanani.
• Wrong - muviri kunoratidzwa zvakasiyana tembiricha masikati pasina mumwe kakawanda.
• Returnable - iri mhando humwewo yakareba nefivhiri chete yatinenge kwomuzvarirwo netsika kwemazuva anoverengeka.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti tembiricha iri - madhigirii 35 - haakonzeri chimiro fivha. Kujekesa zvikonzero ichi vanofanira kutanga chiremba.

Common zviratidzo fivha

Low tembiricha (35 ° C) haakonzeri fivha, nokuti kunoratidzwa kuwedzera rworwendo anopfuura 37. Common zviri kwakadaro pathological rinoti vari:

• nyota;
• akatsvuka ganda;
• nokukurumidza kufema;
• mapfupa achirwadza, nomusoro, unmotivated afare;
• murombo havi;
• chills, vachidedereswa, rinorema vangadikitira;
• delirium (sokumborasika pfungwa uye kubvunda) uye kuvhiringidzika, kunyanya pavarwere vakwegura;
• kushatirwa uye vachichema vana.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti dzimwe nguva kuwedzera kupisa angaperekedzwa puffiness uye marwadzo majoini, mumwe mapundu uye Maronda akasiyana erima yakatsvuka. Muchiitiko chino, unofanira pakarepo kubata chiremba wako.

mabatiro

How kubvisa mamiriro akadai fivha, padanho zvange pamusoro apa? Chokutanga, chiremba anofanira kuona chikonzero kuwedzera kupisa muviri, uye ipapo basa yakakodzera kurapwa. Kana waida, chiremba anogona kutumira murwere mamwe kuzviongorora. Kana uchifungidzira chakakomba zvokurwara nyanzvi anokurudzira murwere muchipatara. Uye kubvisa fivha murwere zano mubhedha zororo. It hakubvumidzwi kupfeka zvakare kudziya.

Murwere anofanira tikanwa zvinwiwa zvakawanda. Sezvo zvokudya, iye chiedza uye zvakanaka digestible chikafu. Kuyera muviri tembiricha inofanira ose maawa 4-6. antipyretic anogona kutorwa kana zvakakodzera. Asi ichi ndicho chete zvazviri kana murwere ane nomusoro zvakaipa, uye vakachengeta tembiricha anopfuura 38 inegumi. Varwere vanokurudzirwa kushandisa "paracetamol" kuvandudza mamiriro. Asati kutora mushonga uyu unofanira kuverenga rairo nokungwarira. Kana Fivha iri kuchengetwa ari mwana, zvino hakubvumidzwi kupa asipurini. Izvi imhaka yokuti chinodhaka ichi zvingaita kukura Reye kuti syndrome. Zviri zvikuru guva ezvinhu, zvichitungamirira pakoma kana kunyange rufu. Asi, vana nokuti fivha varumbidze mishonga kwakavakirwa paracetamol, "Efferalgan" "Panadol", "Kalpol" uye "Tylenol."