Female Iver wemamonk, Samara: kunamata, kero, wongororo

uchenjeri Biblical inodzidzisa kuti haigoni kumira madhigirii, izvo haana zvinenge zvitatu avakarurama. Kuti isimba kwechokwadi kwete kukupfura, uye simba rehondo, uye vachibatsirwa naMwari, akatuma pasi neminyengetero yavatsvene. vanhu Russian zvakanaka kunzwisiswa, uye saka akaponesa hapana mari uye basa nokuda kuvaka dzemamongi matsvene, harisi chete nhare Orthodoxy, asi chinhu hariperi kunobva kwokunamata uye netsika. Pane imwe dzemamongi izvi, akavaka pamahombekombe ari Volga River, ndichavamanikidza nyaya yedu.

Nhare town Samara

Today Samara - rimwe remaguta kupfuura Middle Volga. Nhoroondo yaro odzokera kupfuura emakore mana. Muna 1586, ekutonga chevaux Fodora Ioannovicha, yakavambwa pamahombekombe ari Volga nhare - Samara muguta. Time akanga chipatapata uye dzaida Gwaro rusvingo, ichivharira nzira inowanzorimwa muArabhu. Pakavawo tikagara dzvene, ainzi Muponesi Kuchinja nunnery. Warriors vakanga mumaoko pakupera kwezana Russian nyika, uye nehanzvadzi yemamongi akanyengetera pamusoro vanquishing villains.

Zvakanga kusvikira 1764, apo vashoma nemasisita pakati wemamongi yakaguma. Kushaya zvikuru-zvinodiwa vaisagona kukanganisa kune upenyu hwomudzimu centre. Mune wokutanga hafu inotevera - XIX remakore, muvanhu yakawedzera katsika vakananga schism. Uyezve, zvinowanzoshandiswa mapoka akasiyana-siyana, vakawanda vanoshingaira vacho vaiva nhengo anonzi Molokan vanyengeri.

Kudikanwa kusika yemamongi

Kuti tidzivise akadaro mananara, zvakanga zvakafanira kuti kusika inoita simba vechokwadi Orthodoxy. Kuti izvi zvidaro, vagari Samara akatendeukira Dzvene Revafundisi of kutanga hwomukova pacho, zvakagadzirirwa anenge zana nemasisita. Zvisinei, kutsigira pfungwa Samartsev Revafundisi utungamiri, zvinoda ruzivo yainyatsoratidza chii mari zviri akaronga kuita pakuvaka wemamongi.

dambudziko iri rakanga rwakapedza nzira sezvechinyakare - zvakaziviswa pakati vagari veguta kuunganidza mari yokuvaka yemamongi. Kunyanya airemekedzwa uye Vagari guta rechitendero-pfungwa vakaita revatungamiriri wematirastii, uyo akatora pamusoro sangano chikamu zvebhizimisi, uye vashoma vamiririri vakapfuma madhorobha muvanhu akaita mipiro makuru uye, pazvese, kuti Unsubscribe pakuvaka wemamongi nyika wokwavo.

Kutanga hadzi munharaunda

Musi nheyo wemamongi anoonekwa kuti 1850, apo chapero yakavakwa, izvo zvakaitwa vigils zvose-usiku. Nokuti maendero avo chaibatanidzwa mifananidzo miviri huripo zvino muguta temberi - the Kazansky Cathedral uye Trinity Church. Nokufamba kwenguva, vakakomba chapero yakavakwa masero masere, iyo akagadzirisa avo vaida kutsaurira upenyu hwake kuna pakushumira Mwari.

Okutanga nemasisita muna 1852 raiva duku munharaunda, nokuti zvokudya izvo akagadzwa mupristi. Abbess yaiva musikana wainamata Mariya Yanova. sarudzo ichi kwave kuchibudirira zvikuru kubvira zvino akaratidza kuva simba uye unyanzvi murongi. Nekuti yemabasa ake vakaenda ane ndichibvunza basa munharaunda Resettlement.

Kuchinja mukadzi munharaunda iri Monastery

Makore matatu gare gare yakanga yakavakwa akagadza chechi yemberi wemamongi wokutanga, uye nokukurumidza yake Uriri akazarura mikova ayo vamwe vomuchechi, akanga vagadzwe kukudzwa Amai yaMwari muJerusarema. Izvi zvakaitika muna July 1857. Zvisinei, izvi zvakanga chete kutanga zvikuru rokuvaka basa. pashure pegore, bhodhi pakati matirastii chokuita diocesan masimba uye prioress munharaunda yacho yakavakwa hombe ibwe chechi muzita Mharidzo yaJehovha.

Chokwadi, kushingaira ichi pamusoro chikamu vanhu vakazvitsaurira kuna wakazvipira chikonzero ichi, uye saka chaizvo kumhanya munharaunda vasingagoni kuyeuka urongwa zvakanaka zvakaitwa Dzvene Revafundisi redzidziso. Zvakaguma kwokushanduka 1860 kwevanhukadzi munharaunda kumonasitiri, yainzi Iver chechechi. Saka Samara akagamuchira zvikuru-inodiwa nhare yake pakunamata uye dzidzo yechitendero.

The sangano woupenyu wemamongi itsva zvoupfumi

ari prioress munharaunda Maria Janov Nguva pfupi asati ichi chiitiko yakatarwa akatora yemamongi mhiko nezita Maragarita uye, nokuda kwayo munorumbidzirweiko, rave akakwidziridzwa kuti chiremera Mother Zvinzvimbo zviri wemamongi itsva. Nokukurumidza akaita tonsure uye dzimwe hanzvadzi. Kubva magwaro vasara zviri pachena kuti muna 1860 Iver chechechi muna Samara navanhu nemasisita makumi maviri uye novices zana namakumi mapfumbamwe. Nokuti ichangobva akazarura yemamongi iwayo zvizhinji. Zvinozivikanwa kuti dzemamongi zhinji panguva yayo vakaverenga vagari kure vashoma.

Kubva pamazuva ivepo, Iver Monastery (Samara) chokutanga vakazvimiririra nechokwadi kuvapo kwayo. Chokwadi chokuti aiva muchikwata che zvaiita zvashata dzemamongi uye havana kugamuchira chero dzinopiwa ayo kugutsikana. Zvechokwadi, vamwe vaida mari dzinobva yokuzvidira vaipa mari muchimiro muripo -siyana zvinhu zvechitendero, zvakadai-refu vachiyeuka vakafa, Psalms verenga mudzimba uye zvakawanda. Asi chikuru mari hanzvadzi akava mari chichiwanikwa navo dzakawanda mumawekishopu anovhura panguva wemamongi.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti pano kupendwa mifananidzo uye yakagadzirwa kwavari nguvo, kusona nguvo uye yakashongedzwa navo nounyanzvi nendarama kusona, vakaruka rugs nokusona kwezvokufuka nguo kuti vagari veguta. Kunyange Crafts evasingatombonamati nhongo sezvo shoemaking uye bookbinding, vaiva pasi pesimba maoko munhukadzi. Tinoonga basa ravo rakaoma, hanzvadzi uye rupo vaipa Iver Monastery (Samara) akararama uye vakava.

Abbess Antonina vake zvinyorwa

Kubvira 1874, Amai Vakuru pakati wemamongi panzvimbo pamudyandigere pashure makumi nemashanu kushumira margaritas mai vakava abbess Antonina. Mumazuva akare, iye akaita mabasa wemamongi wehomwe. Kufanana nowakautangira, amai Antonina akaita mupiro chaizvo kuti sangano kwoupenyu wemamongi. Somugumisiro kuda kwaaiita muna 1882 akatanga kuvaka chechi ibwe muzita inodziya Tver Amai vaMwari. Makore matanhatu gare gare chechi vagadzwe yakanga vatangisa nguva mabasa.

Asi mumwe mukuru zvakagadzirwa, iro initiator iyo yaiva abbess Antonina, aiva kuvakwa wakapamhama maviri-storey chipatara panguva wemamongi. Chirongwa ichi kwave akaziva nekuvongwa rupo mipiro Samara mushambadzi P. Shikhobalova akanyorwa Iver Monastery (Samara) zvose zvinodiwa. Makore maviri gare gare, muna 1889, uyewo anoshanda ari abbess pakati wemamongi akavhura chikoro parochial, iyo nguva vakadzidziswa nezvevasikana kubva mhuri burghers uye vanhuwo zvavo ane zana, uye panguva akaisira utiziro vasikana nherera.

Okupedzisira makore chimurenga

Abbess Antonina akabva Ishe 1892 uye akavigwa mukereke Tver Amai vaMwari, pakuvakwa iyo iye akaisa zvikuru mupfungwa uye mumuviri simba. nzvimbo yaro rakatorwa saizvozvo sezvaakaita, uyo akaita pamberi kuteerera wehomwe Feofania sisita, asi pashure pemakore matanhatu nayo rakabviswa this post uye akasvimha yevapristi chirikadzi A. V. Milovidovoy, uyo akatora yemamongi zita Seraphim. Mumakore akatevera, iye akakwanisa wemamongi, nounyanzvi tichibatanidza zvokunamata uye upfumi basa. Under yake murayiro Iver Monastery (Samara) akasangana zvinoshamisa zvakaitika 1917.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti iyi wemamongi kubudirira chaizvo mubasa kukura kwavo. On Ndima yayo pane kereke ina. Service muna Iver Monastery (Samara) vakapinda sezvo wemamongi pachavo nemasisita, uye vaigara muguta. Mukuwedzera, wemamongi rakanga rakakurumbira nokuda kwayo masangano rakanyatsorongwa, pakati pavo: chipatara, chikoro chechi, utiziro vasikana nherera uye aidzidzisa. Uwandu vasungwa zviri yemamongi 1917 vakapfuura varume mazana mana.

Nguva chitendero

Mumakore akatevera October Revolution, wemamongi vaiita zvaitika dzemamongi zhinji Russian. Muna 1919, iye akanga vakapfekenurwa ayo mamiriro sangano rechitendero. Gumi panogara yakanakisisa chikamu ikamutswa zvaiita flats vashandi vemo.

Zvitsaurei Mumachechi, pakutanga akapa vanhu mharidzo yomunharaunda vomunharaunda Orthodox, vave redeveloped naveimba zvinodiwa, uye musimboti wemamongi chechi - Cathedral of kubvuma - yaro 65-mita bhero shongwe nomukondombera kumusoro. Kwemakore akawanda, yakapindira amabasa Iver Monastery (Samara). Purogiramu mabasa mumakore iwayo airatidza kuenderera munamato ushumiri mukati nevanhu vechitendero, apo wemamongi yakaguma.

The kumutsidzirwa chitsvene yokugara

The kumutsidzirwa dzvene yemamongi kwakatanga nineties, apo nyika akadzoka zvose kereke zvose zvisiri pamutemo rabviswa naye munguva dzakaoma. Muna 1991 akanga kuzodzosera rakarongeka munharaunda hwevakadzi, uyo nhaka mumba refectory chechi. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, takatanga nyanyisa reconstructed. Zvakawanda zvaifanira yakazovakwazve recreating chitarisiko Save mifananidzo uye Kuyeuka vekare vaigara muguta.

Aimbova runako zvino amire pamusoro Volga Iver Monastery (Samara). Reviews vaimushanyira vafambi uye vashanyi zvinoratidza kuti vashandi kuvaka, restorers, uye kungova vazvipiri vachida kuita ayo kuberekwazve, kwete pasina. Muna 1994, munharaunda vakadzi, kuumbwa mundima yayo, yakagamuchira mamiriro wemamongi. Kubva panguva iyoyo kusvikira nhasi iri inotungamirirwa Amai Zvinzvimbo St. John (Kapitantseva).

nhasi

Mashoko akazara zvizere noupenyu hwomudzimu Iver Monastery (Samara). Purogiramu mabasa, mazuva ose akaita ikoko, kunoratidza wakazara abvume mabasa wepagore kutenderera wakasiyiwa Charter of neChechi yeOrthodox yokuRussia. The kuerera vechinamato vanouya kunyengetera masvingo aro, inokura nezuva. On the bepa yakabatanidzwa dhayagiramu chinoratidza zvakajeka apo Iver Monastery (Samara) riri. Akagara Kero: Samara, Volzhsky tarisiro, 1.