Elasticity kuti kudiwa uye zvitengeswa

Kwakadaro zviratidzi kwoupfumi kufanana kudiwa, wedzerai uye mutengo ndivo vanonyanya zvinhu pamusika. Hazvina kudyidzana kwavo nokuumba ane musika mashandiro, izvo zvinogona achimiririrwa Kubatanidzwa vatengesi nevatengi kuumba dura uye kudiwa kuti zvinhu.

Saka, kudiwa akatsunga imwe nhamba zvigadzirwa, kutenga nomumwe kunyanya mutengi ane mutengo zvakafanana zviratidzi imwe nguva. Huru mune tsanangudzo iyi ndiwo: kuvapo imwe mutengo chikero uye nguva pfupi. Nokuda nokuchinja mune mitengo vakabvunza. It mashoko aya uye akatsanangura mutemo kudiwa.

The zvakataurwa anogona kupiwa muchimiro imwe yakawanda chigadzirwa kuti akagadzirira kuita bhizimisi sangano zvakatonyanya Implementation panguva yakatarwa mutengo kubva dzakananga nhamba mitengo mune imwe nguva.

Huripo mutemo anoda anogona kuratidza munhu zvakananga ukama pakati mutengo shanduko vaitaura. Nemamwe mashoko, huri kumusoro mitengo vakabatsira ndechokuti mugadziri anopa zvigadzirwa zvavo, uye vakaderera - nekusiyana, yakaderera. Pavanosarudza pamusoro kugadzirwa zvimwe chigadzirwa, bhizimisi sangano anosungirwa kuramba enzanisa mutengo chete chikwata wayo mutengo.

Shoko rokuti "elasticity kuti wedzerai uye kudiwa nemutengo" kwakabatana zvakananga kudiwa dzimwe zvigadzirwa, zvichienderana pachiyero mitengo yavo. Ndokusaka mutengo elasticity kuti kudiwa uye kugoverwa rinoratidza kuvimba yevatengi pamutengo kuchinja. Kuyera kwayo runoenzanirana coefficient inoshandiswa.

The coefficient pamusoro elasticity anogona kuratidza kubva muzana ichachinja kwakakura kudiwa chigadzirwa kana wayo mutengo kuchinja 1 muzana.

Elasticity kuti kudiwa uye kugoverwa kunogona dzaona kubudikidza zvinotevera payakavakirwa:

Ep = (-ΔQd (%)) / (ΔP (%)),

apo Ep - elasticity kuti kudiwa uye wedzerai pachinhu mutengo;

ΔQd - kuchinja kudiwa kana wedzerai (hama kukosha kubva muzana);

ΔP - mutengo shanduko (hama kukosha kubva muzana).

Kana isu fungidzira kuti hama tsika yacho unoenderana Masvomhu, ari elasticity pamusoro pomugove uye kudiwa kunogona dzaona sezvinotevera:

Ep = ((Q1 - Q0) / (Q1 + Q0)): ((p1 - P0) / (p1 + P0)),

apo Q1, Q0 - wedzerai kana kudiwa vasati uye pashure mutengo change;

P1, P0 - mutengo, wakatorwa pamberi uye pashure shanduko.

By kuwedzera mutengo bhuku kudiwa zvishoma nezvishoma shoma. Kudzivisa kunaka tsika dziri pamusoro nzira, kukosha coefficient anofanira kutora mhedziso tsika.

Kana kudiwa uye kugoverwa elasticities kupfuura rimwe, kuwedzera kwokudiwa uye kutsauka chero kupa nokukurumidza prices. Kukosha reshiyo ichi idukusa mumwe zvinoreva inelasticity kuti kudiwa, umo donhwe kana dura uye kudiwa kukura kuri nomumugwagwa kwaitora nguva kupfuura kuenda mutengo shanduko.

Factor nokubatana - kusarudza wakakwana upi upfumi kunozivisa zvinonyatsorehwa nengaidzo vose zvoupfumi pezvakaitwa rehurumende.

Uyewo yokungotaura zveBhaibheri, pane pfungwa "mhedziso inelastic" (kana kuchinja mutengo hazvirevi kunotoreva chero kuchinja wedzerai kana kudiwa, nhamba akaenzana 0), uye "elasticity nemhedziso zvitengeswa uye kudiwa" (nokuti zvakakwana duku vade shanduko mutengo uye pa asiwo kusaverengeka).

Nokuongorora coefficient pakati elasticity Hatingamboti tapedza kana musingadi kuteerera zvinhu zvine simba pamusoro elasticity kuti kudiwa uye kugoverwa, anoti:

- kuvapo analogues (Sevamiririri yakawanda chigadzirwa yepakutanga, iyo elasticity kuti kudiwa izvozvo);

- mugove kudyiwa zvinhu (nechepazasi zvakananga giravhiti, rezasi ari elasticity pamusoro pomugove uye kudiwa);

- kukosha mari;

- chikamu kwenhumbi (kana ndeye rwokuramba nhumbi - kudiwa ndechokuti kwakavharwa nenyama, kana kuti zvisina zvinokosha - ipapo inelasticity kuti kudiwa).