Ndeipi yemagetsi chinzvimbo?

Kazhinji kuchikoro zvidzidzo wefizikisi mudzidzisi achitsanangura pasi magetsi akarwawo kuenzanisa remagetsi pamusoro mvura. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kunyange zvazvo nguva dzose, kuti nyore kunzwisisa kwemasayendisiti, kwakadaro rinofananidza zvikuru zvinogamuchirika. Kutaura zvazviri, kunyange shoko "ano" rinoshandiswa panyaya mvura. Uye chii mano? Uyu ndiwo mumwe zvechadenga yacho, kukwanisa wayo ane chinhu. Somuenzaniso, munhu wose anoziva kuti mabhanga inokwana 3 litres. Zviri pachena, uwandu pamusaka mvura iri zvakananga novimba tonnage ari mudziyo. Saka, kana iwe tora nemigomo yepurasitiki miviri, somuenzaniso, 8 uye 12 litres, nekukwirira vakaenzana, uye musiyano chete dhayamita. Pfungwa yokuti 'yemagetsi kukwanisa "muchirevo chechinyorwa chino rakafanana chaizvo. Somuenzaniso, mumwe parameters nekufemera vachikwanisa - payo kuti saizi. Electrical chinzvimbo (E.E.) - kukwanisa kuunganidza uye kuramba mumwe yakawanda magetsi. Chero zvinhu conductive ane zvimwe Ee, izvo zvinoenderana parameters akawanda. Kuunganidza mhosva zvinogoneka kuna pasina mukana nokupararira mumwe chinhu kuva yepamusoro kukwanisa.

The yemagetsi Kukwanisa inogona varehwa nzira yemaitiro, iyo inorangarira kukwanisa kuunganidza mutariri (zvinogona - v) uye uwandu muripo (q). Akasarudzwa «C» tsamba:

C = Q / V

Electric capacitance unotaurwa farads. Zvisinei, sezvo ichi uwandu riri guru zvakakwana, mune zvemagetsi zvemazuva ano matunhu Micro-PF kuwedzera kushandiswa. midziyo Large vari chete kushandiswa zvakananga mano uye Masvomhu. Nokudaro, chivakashure "micro uye pico 'vakaenzana 1 * 10 -6 uye -12 madhigirii. The pezvakaitwa inogona nyore yakarondedzerwa murenje yemagetsi inokwana muitisi.

Fungidzira nemunhu, riri isiri conductive svikiro kuitika, umo musina kwokunze munda. Batanidza kune simba. Mamwe maerekitironi achipinda nemamiriro acho, nokusika kunyanya chinzvimbo, i.e., mhosva idzi anogona kuita basa pasi zvimwe zvinhu (kusika munhu loop). Vari anoparadzirwa pamusoro pemvura neumwe arambe achirema iyo kunobva spatial configuration pamusoro kondakita yayo miganhu. Around neimwe pfungwa mutariri chiripo wemagetsi munda kuti chinobata zvimwe zvikamu zvose kondakita. Zvingakwanisa yoga kondakita yakadaro iri maererano mhosva. Nhamba mhosva (q) kusvika dzingangoitika (Fi) vaiona kuti muitisi kuramba sezvo kunobva chete pamusoro saizi (saizi, chimiro) uye coefficient pamusoro dielectric kuramba ari svikiro. Ari muenzaniso hazvisi pasina akataura oga aiongorora. Kana paine pedyo nayo vamwe miviri, yemagetsi munda chikwata mhosva zvichange vafurira muna dzakapoteredza miviri zvinogona kuitwa nevakomana chiratidzo, kukanganisa yokupedzisira ukoshi (ndiro duku).

The nyore chaikosha kushandisa zvivako kuunganidza Magetsi - ndiko capacitor. Inoitwa conductors vaviri vakaparadzana ne dielectric zvinhu. Its chinhu ndechokuti wakadenha yemagetsi munda "chokuita" pakati electrodes (kurwisana zvikamu conductors) uye anongoda hapana zvainoita dzakapoteredza muviri, uye naizvozvo, zvinogona kuti kwokunze basa harisi pasina.

Kuwedzera kugona munzira dzakawanda:

• kuderedza musiyano uri pakati electrodes. Zvisingaperi rutapudzo hazvibviri, sezvo zvingava dzisiri conductive mharidzo, zvichiguma nokurasikirwa muripo;
• sarudza asiri conductive zvinhu dzakakwirira nemishonga Kuparara;
• kuwedzera nzvimbo kwamahwendefa. Kuti tirambe zvinogamuchirika kukura capacitor kazhinji kuchinja spatial urongwa kwamahwendefa. Somuenzaniso, conductors vaviri wakamonyaniswa mezvindori akaparadzaniswa nevanhu insulator.