"Doctor Zhivago": An Analysis. "Doctor Zhivago" - Roman Pasternaka

Boris Pasternak nganonyorwa "Doctor Zhivago" anowanzonzi chimwe chezvinhu zvakaoma zvidimbu ari munyori. Izvi zvinoshandawo zvikurukuru kuratidzwa zviitiko chaivo (wekutanga October Revolution, Hondo Yenyika I uye Civil War), kunzwisisa pfungwa yacho, zvainyanya evanhu, zita vakuru iyo - Doctor Zhivago.

Analysis basa Zvisinei, pamusoro basa wokuRussia intelligentsia ari zviitiko pakutanga XX remakore, ndiro hakusi nyore, sezvo magumo ake.

rokusika nyaya

Pfungwa yacho yokufungidzira rokutanga yakatanga makore 17-18, asi basa zvakakomba Pasternak akatanga chete pashure anenge maviri emakore. 1955 kwakaratidza kuguma yokufungidzira, vakanga rakabudiswa muItaly uye awarding Nobel Prize, umo zviremera zveSoviet akamanikidza yanyadziswa munyori vanoramba. Yakanga chete muna 1988 - the yokufungidzira yakatanga kubudiswa munyika yake.

Kakawanda yakachinja zita rinonzi: "A kenduru vakapisa" - zita rimwe nhetembo ari protagonist, "Rufu hakuzovi", "Innocent Dudorov". Sezvo kupangidza chimwe yemunyori chinangwa - "Vakomana nevasikana". Ivo aonekwa mapeji yokufungidzira, vakura, vakayambuka zviitiko pachavo kutanga, zvapupu uye vatori vechikamu vari. Kuyaruka maonero enyika hunoramba upenyu akura, sezvinoratidzwa pfungwa, zviito vatambi 'uye avo ongororo.

Doctor Zhivago - Pasternak iteerere kusarudza zita - raiva zita huru hunhu. First aiva Patrick Zhivult. Yuri - Ungangove George-Kunokunda. zita Zhivago raMwari kakawanda chokuita mufananidzo Kristu: "Ndimi Mwanakomana waMwari mupenyu (genitive mu Old mutauro Russian)." Panyaya iyi, iri yokufungidzira pane pfungwa chibayiro uye rumuko, tsvuku shinda achipfuura yose basa.

Mufananidzo mupenyu

Pfungwa emunyori munhau wokutanga uye chechipiri emakore ari XX remakore dzavo ongororo. Doctor Zhivago - Pasternak rinotaura hwake - muna 1903, akarasikirwa naamai vake uye ari kutarisirwa sekuru vake. Panguva iyoyo, apo ivo kuenda kuMoscow, uye vakauraya baba vomukomana, aimbovenga vakasiya mhuri. Near Sekuru Yuri anogara pave rusununguko uye kusavapo upi rusaruro. He anodzidza, paanokura, anoroora musikana kuti ajaira mwana anogamuchira zvokurapa uye anotanga kuita kufarira basa. Uye anomutsa kufarira nhetembo - akatanga kunyora nhetembo - uye uzivi. Uye pakarepo yaizivikanwa uye akadzika midzi upenyu collapses. Muchivanze muna 1914, uye akateverwa chinotokurudzira zvikuru zvinotyisa zviitiko. Muverengi angazviona ari chiedza maonero ari protagonist dzavo ongororo.

Doctor Zhivago, uyewo shamwari dzake, mupenyu zvaanoita zvose zvinoitika. Anoenda mberi, apo zvikuru kunoratidzika naye maturo uye zvainobatsira. Paakadzoka, inova chapupu sei simba riri hwakatamisirwa Bolsheviks. Chokutanga, gamba anotora zvose pamwe nechido: mune maonero ake, pokuchinja ndiye "Vakamupfekedza kuvhiyiwa", iro rinomiririra upenyu pachahwo, nezvimwewo uye kwatangwa. Zvisinei, nokufamba kwenguva kunouya rethinking zvakaitika. Haugoni kuita vanhu vafare pamusoro kwavo, hazvina mhosva uye, kanenge, nomusoro - kumhedziso dzakadaro Doctor Zhivago anouya. The Kuongorora chigadzirwa kunotungamirira pfungwa yokuti munhu anoda kana kwete, akabatwa ari enhoroondo muitiro. Pasternak gamba iri iyi, anenge regedzeka, kwete rikanganise pachena, asi kwete mirawo kugamuchira hurumende itsva. Ndizvo kazhinji Wakatuka Munyori.

Panguva Civil Yuri Zhivago muwisira partisan yokuzviparadzanisa, apo chinonzvenga, anodzokera kuMoscow, kuedza kurarama pasi hurumende itsva. Asi kuti basa, sapakutanga, hahungangovi - zvaizoreva kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu akamuka, uye izvi zvinopesana hunhu hwake. Anoramba basa umo chinhu chikuru - kuziviswa husingaperi. Izvi icharatidza chimiro ndima yavo ongororo.

Doctor Zhivago, saka anotaurawo nzvimbo chikamu intelligentsia, uyo nokungwarira vakaita zvakaitika 1917 kubvuta masimba senzira artificially kushandura upenyu uye vakazotanga kushandisa gadziriro itsva, waiva pakutanga mutorwa kuna humanistic pfungwa ipi.

rufu gamba

Gasping vari mumamiriro ezvinhu matsva, izvo haatori ayo zvazviri, vapenyu zvishoma kurasikirwa kufarira upenyu uye simba nepfungwa, mu pfungwa dzakawanda, kunyange pokuzvipira. Rufu waparadza iye pakarepo: mune stuffy chitima, kubva izvo vanonzwa kurwara Yuri hapana nzira. Asi gamba hakuiti inonyangarika kubva mapeji yokufungidzira iye anoramba kurarama nhetembo dzake, sezvinoratidzwa ongororo yavo. Doctor Zhivago uye mweya wake anova haufi nokuda guru simba ounyanzvi.

Characters ari yokufungidzira

The chigadzirwa ane mhete sezvamunoita: Chiitiko anotanga kurondedzera mariro raamai vake, uye inoguma nokufa kwake. Saka, mumapeji rinotaura zvichaitirwa rose chizvarwa, dzinomiririrwa kunyanya Yuriem Zhivago, uye unoratidza yokusiyana upenyu hwevanhu vakawanda. Kwokufananidzira chimiro makenduru (Somuenzaniso, anoona pahwindo, wechiduku gamba), rinomiririra upenyu. Kana blizzards uye rakanaya chando somunhu harbinger kuti dambudziko uye rufu.

Kune dzokufananidzira mifananidzo uye wokufananidzira dhayari ari gamba, somuenzaniso, ari nhetembo "rungano". Pano, kuti "muviri dhiragoni" - munhu ari kurwa mutasvi nyoka - chinomiririra nakisisa hope kukava asingagumi, asingaori sezvaiitwa munyori pachake mweya.

nhetembo muunganidzwa

"The nhetembo Yuriya Zhivago" - vanosvika 25 - akanyorwa Pasternak paaishanda pane rimwe yokufungidzira uye kuti iye chete. At pakati pavo munhu akabatwa ari vhiri nhoroondo uye inotarisana akaoma tsika sarudzo.

The kutenderera inotanga "Hamlet". Doctor Zhivago - ongororo inoratidza kuti nhetembo chinoratidza nyika yake yomukati - anokumbira Mwari aine chikumbiro kuvasunungura raakapiwa mugumo. Asi kwete nokuti kutya - gamba akagadzirira kurwira rusununguko muna dzakapoteredza umambo utsinye uye mhirizhonga. basa iri uye gamba iri rakakurumbira Shakespeare rakatarira akaoma tsika sarudzo, uye utsinye kutapwa Jesu. Asi chikuru chinhu - chiri detembo pamusoro munhu asingashiviriri zvakaipa uye mhirizhonga uye anoona zviri kuitika kumativi sezvo njodzi.

Enhetembo dhayari Entries chokuita siyana nzendo upenyu uye mupfungwa zvakaitika yavapenyu. Somuenzaniso, Dr. Zhivago nhetembo kuongorora "Winter Night". The zvinyorwa zvokupikisa, izvo akavaka chigadzirwa, kunobatsira kuratidza kuvhiringidzika uye kushushikana mupfungwa lyrical, kuedza kusarudza zvakanaka uye zvakaipa. nyika ine utsinye mupfungwa dzake rinoparadzwa kupisa uye chiedza kutsva mwenje, inomiririra ari tremulous murazvo rudo uye kunyaradzwa.

The kukosha yokufungidzira

Kamwe "... uchimuka, ... isu hatingazvirumbidzi dzosera vakarasika ndangariro" - ichi vaifunga Boris Pasternak, chinoratidzwa mumapeji yokufungidzira, unonakidza senyevero uye uprofita. Kubvuta masimba yakaitika, achiperekedzwa ropa uye mhirizhonga, aita kurasikirwa nokuda tsika uye Humanism Commandments. Izvi kunosimbiswazve nemashoko zvakazoitika munyika dzavo ongororo. "Doctor Zhivago" kunoratidzwa chokuti Boris Pasternak anopa kunzwisisa ake kare, pasina kumanikidzira kuti muverengi. Pakupedzisira, munhu wose anowana mukana kuona zviitiko kwavowo uye sezvo zvinova ake co-munyori.

zvichireva epilogue

Description of rufu protagonist - haisati wokupedzisira. The nganonyorwa iri muchidimbu zvaitambidzwa pakutanga forties, kana hafu-mukoma wevapenyu asangana hondo Tatiana, mwanasikana Yuri uye Lara anoshanda somukoti. Iye, zvinosuruvarisa haana hapana mumwe wevaya unhu hwomudzimu vakange yo vabereki vake, izvo zvinoratidza chiitiko kuongorora. "Doctor Zhivago" Saka zvinoreva kuti dambudziko zvokunamata uye mutsika impoverishment kwenzanga somugumisiro kuchinja yakaitika munyika, iyo inoshora yokusafa gamba yake wokufananidzira dhayari - okupedzisira basa.