Dharma chii? Dharma muBuddhism. Sanatana-dharma

Mumutauro weIndia , pfungwa dzinoverengeka dzinokosha dzakasarudzwa. Kutanga nezvo zvakakosha kunotsanangurwa nekurapwa kweumwe wavo. Shanduro chaiyo yeIndia Buddhist chirevo chepfungwa inobvumira munhu kunzwisisa kuti dharma "tsigiro."

Kutsanangurwa kwechirevo chiri pamusoro apa

Inogona kugadziriswa segadziriro yemitemo yakasimbiswa kwemakore uye mamwe mitemo inofanirwa kuonekwa kuti ichengetedze nzvimbo yakatarisa. Mumutauro weIndia, dharma, saka kutaura, haana kana akaenzana. Mune imwe mamiriro ezvinhu, munhu anogona kuona imwe kududzirwa kwechirevo chiri pasi pekufungisisa. Kunyanya, dharma ndiyo nheyo yetsika, nzira yakarurama, mutemo wepasi rose unoshanda.

Chiratidzo chitsvene chezwi iri rechiIndia ndiro "gumbo re dharma," uye "syllable kusingaperi" ndiyo OM, iyo ichiri kududzirwa seAUM uye SOHAM. Inowanzoshandiswa muHindu neBuddhist mhemberero dzechitendero, kunyanya, pakutanga kwemunyengetero mumwe nomumwe.

Dharma muBuddhism

Izwi iri rinoshandurirwa muchitendero chekare chekare sehutsika hwakanaka, iyo yepamweya uye yemitemo yomuvambi wayo, iyo vatendi vanofanira kuenzana. Iyi pfungwa ndiyo inonyanya kukosha kuBuddhist, sezvo inobatanidza kudzidzisa kwaBuddha, kunyanya, chokwadi chakakwirira chakazarurwa kune vose. Mukuwedzera, pane dzidziso muchitendero ichi icho dharma isangano rezvinhu zvakaperera umo ruzivo rutsvene rwezvinhu zvose runopera.

Pane rutendo kuti Buddha akaona munhu wese sevanhu vakasiyana-siyana vorudzi rwavo, vane unhu kubva pakuberekwa. Muchitendero chiri mubvunzo, pane pfungwa yokuti hapana Dharma imwechete yekuti iyo inokodzera zvose zvoupenyu. Kune dzidziso chete yeboka rimwe nerimwe revatendi pachavo, vachifunga nezvemamiriro avo.

Nokudaro, muchidimbu zviri pamusoro apa, tinogona kutaura pamusoro pehuviri hwemashoko maviri, kureva, kuti iye akatanga nheyo yenyika yekare ndeye Buddha, dharma ndiyo dzidziso yake.

Kufungisisa kwepfungwa iri pasi pekufungidzirwa mune zvenhema dzenyika dzemazana makumi maviri

Iyi dzidziso yeBhudha yakatanga kuva nheyo yechirongwa chemazwi anonakidza naJack Kerouac "Dharma's Ramsers". Kusvika iye zvino, ndechimwe chezvinyorwa zvezvinyorwa zvenyika. Iine mazita ezvinyorwa, uye nhoroondo inobva kune munhu wokutanga. Iyo protagonist i "beatnik", iyo inototsanangurira rudzi rwemararamiro aanotungamirira: kufamba parwendo muAmerica, kupedza usiku hupi kwaanenge ari uye nekurarama pamutengo wekuwana mari yakawanda. Iyi ndiyo nzira yaanogutsikana nezvinoitika kwaari, kana kuti Mutemo weDharma.

Kufanana nedzimwe dzakawanda dzeve beatniks, munhu mukuru anonyanya kufarira dzidziso dzefilosofi uye dzechitendero zvekare yeChina neIndia. Muchiitiko ichi, iye muuteveri weBuddha. Upenyu hwake hunobatanidzwa nemafungiro akadaro seChinhu chisingaiti, izvozvi, kujekeswa kwemweya, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira ku nirvana.

Chii chinoita kuti nyika ino yakanakisisa ifunge?

Nzwisiso yemazuva ano yenyaya inofananidzirwa nemafungiro ekuti "Dharma Vagrants" akashora boka rose, iro rajairira kurarama maererano neshoko rekuunganidza. Vanoita mubasa revanze kunze kwekucherechedza nguva apo vanhu vakava vabati vezvinhu zveimba yavo. Mukuona kwavo, munhu anogona kunzwa kunzwa kwekusununguka kwechokwadi kuburikidza nokurasa zvido zvenyama zvemazuva ano.

Purojekiti "Dhipatimendi rekushandisa uye kutsvakurudza pamusoro pezvinhu zvekushandisa" Applications Initiative "

Zita rakafuridzirwa remushandi wepamusoro iri "DHARMA Initiative", muchiRussia inonzwika se "Dharma Inishivative". Iyi sangano inoshandiswa yesayenzi yemakwikwi e "Staying Alive", chirongwa chekutsvakurudza chinotsvaga nzvimbo dzakadai se:

• Psychology;
• Meteorology;
• Parapsychology;
• Electromagnetism;
• Kudzidza kwemazuva ano ehupenyu hwevanhu.

Yakatangwa uye inobhadharwa neAlvar Hanso. Karen naGerald DeGroute, avo vaiva vaporofesa vekudyidzana paYunivhesiti yeMichigan, vaibatanidzwa zvakananga mukurudziro.

Chokwadi pamusoro penyaya yeprojekti

Kuenderera mberi kubva mufirimu yekudzidzisa, munhu anogona kusvika pakugumisa kuti kare kare kubva muna 1962 kune mamiriro ekugadzirisa kweprojekiti nekuda kwekuti pane kupesana pakati peU.S. uye USSR, iyo yakave yakaguma nehondo yenyukireya. Kunyange zvazvo hukama hwakagadzwa, hurumende yeUnited Nations haina kumbofunga nezvenyaya iyo inyanzvi mune zvezvisikwa uye yakagadzirisa basa rekuwana an equation inogona kugadzirisa zuva re "kuguma kwenyika", rinoratidzirwa sehondo yakawanda kana sehosha kana kupararira. Pakupedzisira, kuenzaniswa kwenhamba kwakawanikwa , kureva 4 8 15 16 23 42.

Ichi chigumisiro chakagamuchirwa neUUN, uye Alvar Hanso, zvakasiyana, akafunga zvakanyanya pamusoro pake. Akasarudza kupfuurira mberi tsvakurudzo kuitira kuti awane hutano hwakanaka hwekudzivirira kutanga kwechiitiko chisingachinjiki. Izvi zvakapa kuDharma Initiative project.

Basa rekutsvakurudza rakagadzirwa pane chimwe chitsuwa chiri muPacific Ocean, nzvimbo yaro iri mune geoactive zone. Izvo zvakavakwa zvakakwana zvakagadzirirwa, kusanganisira zvigadziro zveasayendisiti, zvesayenzi uye zvigadzirwa zvezvikoro.

Zvose zvakaitwa mune izvi zvakange zvisina kupa zvaidiwa. Gore ra1980 rakaratidzwa nechiitiko chenyika yose, chikonzero chaicho chisingazogoni kuitwa kunyange ikozvino. Zvichida, paiva nemhepo yakasvibiswa.

Nokudaro, chinhu chacho chakabatwa uye chakaparadzwa, kusanganisira vanenge vose vashandi, nezvizvarwa zvechitsuwa chacho. Uye muna 1987, maererano nehuwandu hwemashoko, basa racho rakavharwa.

Chii chinonzi Hinduism muchiSanskrit?

Ichi chitendero chakatanga muIndia subcontinent. Zita rake rezvakaitika kare muSanskrit is sanatana - dharma. Shanduro inodudzirwa se "chitendero chisingaperi", "nzira isingaperi" kana "mutemo usingaperi".

Hinduism inobatanidza neVedic civilization, semugumisiro wekuti inonzi inonzi zvitendero zvekare kare. Zera rinosvika makore zviuru zvishanu. Ichi chitendero hachina musheti chaiyo. Rinobva pane rugwaro rwekare rwetsvene - iVedas. Nokudaro, vakatanga kushandurwa nenzira yakasiyana, izvo zvakaita kuti kuve kwezvikoro uye matavi akasiyana-siyana. Mune magwaro aya, chinhu chikuru chechitendero cheVedic chinoguma. Maererano nenhoroondo, kune uyo anoongorora Vedas, uchenjeri husingagumi huchazaruka, nokuti hune zivo yose yenyika. Pamagwaro ose matsvene anowanikwa muchiHindu, chete Vedas uye Upanishads ndivo vanokosha zvikuru.

Chitendero chinotaridzirwa chinotora nzvimbo yechitatu munyika iyo maererano nenhamba yevateveri. Hinduism inonzi inopfuura vanhu bhiriyoni.

Ndedzipi nzvimbo dzakamira muchiHindu?

Muchitendero chiri mubvunzo hapano dzidziso yepamusoro pamusoro pematavi ose echiHindu, asi masayendisiti achiri kupatsanidza chitendero muzvikamu zvina zvikuru:

1. Shaktism.
2. Vaisnavism.
3. Smartism.
4. Shivaism.

Misiyano iri pakati pemitemo inotevera yakaratidzwa chete mufananidzo waMwari.

Shakta seTantric Tradition

Nhungamiro inofungidzirwa yeHindu inoshandisa nzvimbo inokosha maererano neTantra.

Vateveri vebazi rino vanonamata Shakti, iyo inomiririrwa nevanamwarikadzi, kana amai vamwari Devi. Uye kare Shakta yakawanda ine zvikoro zvakawanda, somuenzaniso, pane mitemo mikuru ye Shakta Tantra: Mishra, Samaya naKaula.

Nhamba yakawanda yevateveri vechitatu. Kaula inonzwisiswa sechimiro chaiyo che Devata, nokudaro kuva chinhu chakazvimirira chekunamata. Kaula-dharma inoshanda semagwaro matsvene. Tantras akavharwa nekutsanangurwa kwehukuru hwaKaula, simba rayo remweya. Maererano nemagwaro, anogona kuonekwa semunhu, semweya we astral kana zvimwe zvisikwa zvinoshamisa.

Kaula-dharma haigoneki nemhando chero ipi zvayo, saka, Kaula wechokwadi anogona kuwanikwa pakati pevateveri vechitendero chipi zvacho.

Dharma-marga seimwe yezvakanaka zvechokwadi muBuddhism

Mune chitendero chekare cheIndia kune chinhu chakadai se "marga". Tsanangudzo yekushandura muSanskrit ndiyo "nzira yekururama, kusunungurwa kubva pakutambudzika."

Inosanganisira zvitatu zveBuddhist zvinobatsira:

- Sheela - tsika dzakanaka;

Samadhi ndiko kufungisisa;

Prajna uchenjeri.

Nzira yakanaka kwazvo inomiririrwa nhanho masere:

1. Kunzwisisa kwechokwadi, kureva, kunzwisisa kwese chokwadi chechina.

2. Chinangwa chechokwadi, kureva, chido chokuziva kuva Buddha uye kusunungura vose kubva pakutambura.

3. Kutaura kwechokwadi, kunyanya, kusina kwenhema, unyengeri, makuhwa uye kutaura zvisina maturo.

4. Kuita kwechokwadi, kureva, kuzvidzivirira kubva pakugadzirisa mumwe munhu, kubva pane zvose zvinoratidzira zvepabonde, kubva pakushandiswa kwezvinodhaka, kudyidzana muupenyu hwevanhu vapenyu.

5. Nzira yechokwadi yehupenyu, iyo iyo isingabatanidzi nechisimba uye kurarama kusatendeseka.

6. Kuedza kwechokwadi, kunyanya nheyo ye "golide inoreve", iyo isingafananidzi kuzvitambudza, kuitira kuti uwedzere kushaya simba kwako.

7. Kufungisisa kwechokwadi, kunomirirwa nezvikonzero zvina zvepfungwa:

• Kumutumbi;
• Ku manzwiro;
• Kunzvimbo yepfungwa;
• Kuita dharmas - kuva nehutano hwepfungwa.

8. Kufungisisa sekutendeseka kwechokwadi.

Nzira yekuunza sei zvinhu zvinokosha zvekunamata zveBuddha kusvika munharaunda yemazuva ano?

Maererano nehurumende yedhipatimendi, purojekiti muRussia iri kutanga, inozivikanwa seIndaneti Dharma Center "Samma Ditthi". Uku ndiko kubatana nevanhu vanobva kuSri Lanka vanoita Buddhism. Chinangwa chemugadziri uyu ndechekuchengetedzwa, kutsvakurudza uye kuparadzirwa kwedzidziso dzomuvambi wenyika yekare kare chitendero.

Nzvimbo yekutanga ndeyekuvakwa kwemahofisi evanhu vakawanda munzvimbo yeRepublic of Sri Lanka. Seminari inoshanda, hurukuro naHanorable Thero kubva kumatemberi nemamatari, misangano yakasiyana-siyana panyaya iyi ichaitwa pano.

Muchivako pachako, pachava nekutsvaga kwemukati kumakamuri akakodzana. Pano pachave iyo Imba yeAtari, iyo nzvimbo iyo inopfuura 100 square mita. M, martial arts room, yoga, qigong, mudzimba yekudyira, makamuri akawanda evashanisi, mabhuku uye ehofisi kunyanya kutungamirirwa. Kwese kwese inorongwa kuisa air conditioners.

Muti weMaha Bodhi, unotorwa kubva kuAnuradhapura, uchadyarwa munharaunda yechivanze. Uyezve, zvakarongwa kuita zvikoro zvinoshanda kudzidza Dharma, kureva, "kufamba maitiro" nekufungisisa.

Panharaunda yakapoteredza kune temberi yeBuddhist inonzi Priyadarshanaramaya. Iyo yakarongwa zvakare kuti ipe gwara remvura risati riripo pakati petemberi inotaurwa pamusoro apa, nzvimbo yakawanda yejasus uye nzvimbo inobvunzwa.

Chikamu chechipiri chebasa renzvimbo ino ndekushandiswa kweDharma Tours. Ivo vakazvipira kune chidzidzo uye maitiro anoitwa Dharma. Iyi Nhanyo inobatwa munzvimbo tsvene yeBhandi neDharma, iyo inobatsira pamuviri uye pakuziva kwomunhu, paanenge achibatsira kupinda mupfungwa yekufungisisa uye kuwana ruzivo rwemweya.

Kuburikidza nenharaunda iyi, munhu wose anogona kudzidza kuti, somuenzaniso, Dharma ndiyo dzidziso yehupenyu hwemweya hwezvose.