Cultured Pearls - a ... Freshwater uye saltwater cultured maparera

Nei akaumba parera ari deko? Somuenzaniso, vaGiriki vekare vaiva nechokwadi chokuti parera mabwe yakagwamba nechando misodzi nymphs. In ichi vakanga voda zvakanaka. Sezvo nymphs anomira zvinoshamisa pamusoro dzemugungwa mhando. Kana mukati anoshongwa dzavo paricharova zvimwe yokumwe muviri, akadai tsanga jecha, parera nayo Anoona ive kukuvara kubva "kudanidzira" nokuda kwayo parera misodzi, nokudaro rakafukidza kwavari wokumwe chinhu. Ndiko kuti parera anoberekwa.

Natural maparera ndohwaJehovha muchikwata ari rarest matombo anokosha, saka ayo akabatanidza mutengo. Mabwe munhu akadai kunyanya kutengeswa panguva okisheni, uye waakatenga vateresi.

To musi, vakawanda zvicherwa inotengeswa muzvitoro vari kushandirwa.

tsananguro

Cultured maparera - ndiye chicherwa akura murume ezvinhu akafanana zvepanyama, musi chaiwo mapurazi. Pane anoshongwa nokuti pakutarisira uye vakatarisa. To musi, 99% matombo ari zvishongo pamusika munyika cultured namaparera. mutengo wayo - $ 2000-5000, zvichienderana kana Freshwater kana gungwa. Zvinofanira kusimbiswa kuti iriwo dzinongoitika chicherwa, nekuti yakura iri oysters, parera oysters musango, asi bedzi munhu uye pasi masimba. Saka, zviri selector anoisa vakurukurirane muchimiro neparera girobhu racho ( "Musimboti") ari mutumbi Oyster, uye ipapo muitiro anoenda parera inotungamirwa saizvozvo sezvo nechitarisiko rwokuzvarwa ibwe.

Musiyano pakati cultured uye chakagadzirwa maparera

Tinoona zvakare cultured maparera - chinhu dzinongoitika chicherwa. Zviri kukanganisa kufunga izvozvo chokunyepera. kurimwa kwacho kuri akatunhidzwa kwazvo uye kunzwisisa, zvinoda avhareji 5 years. Vanhu vanokura nawo, vasingakwanisi kunyengedza chero nzira nei uye muitiro neparera kukura havagoni kufungidzira kuti vachatarira mugumisiro basa ravo, mukuwedzera, haagoni kuva nechokwadi chokuti haarambi clam mberi nguva. Havasi vose zvicherwa akura kusangana unhu mitemo uye, naizvozvo, mubhizimisi ichi vakawanda vanotanga zvakakwana zvokuroora. Mugumisiro kunonyanya chete zvakasikwa.

Nzira kurimwa maparera

Pane nzira huru mbiri nzira dzayo kurimwa.

Denuclearized. Iyi isingadhuri nzira iri rinonyanya kushandiswa kuwedzera Freshwater namaparera.

Nuclear. Panyaya iyi mbeu (chinoumba) anoiswa mukati singi. Nzira iri rakashandiswa kurima gungwa namaparera.

nzira yenyukireya

Saka, sei chaizvo izvi zvinoitika? Pakutanga, parera ane anyatsoronga. Izvi kunyanya vechiduku chakanaka Oyster jasi (sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi parera deko). Uyewo kuteerera zvakanaka dzakabudirira gonad (dzokubereka mumasero kuti secrete nacre), iro rine clam. Maparera akaumba mairi kunotevera. Pearl goko pamwe pingisi yakazaruka, zvichiteverwa chaiyo kuvhiya kushanda: chinokosha chokushandisa anoita chidukuduku incision iri nyoro zvinyama kupinda iyo batanidza - chimedu jasi wacho anyatsoronga. Around iye akaisa bhora diki, abudisa kubva Freshwater mussel. pera Next anodzokera kuna the lagoon, uye norunyararo ipapo vaipedza mumwe 2 years.

Zvinofanira kusimbiswa kuti ichi ndicho nguva kupfuura nengozi: unogona kukanda chinoumba kana kufa - mukana uyu zvakakwirira. Kana zvose anoenda zvakanaka, ari maparera vari aumba mukati makore mashomanana. Pano, kubva kutarisana zvazvakanakira - akakodzera pemvura ibwe, sezvo parera inokura nhete rukoko ane hazvizivi wakatsetseka bhora. On yakadaro parera parera chaiyo ukobvu 0.2-1 mm. Muchiitiko chino, 10 mm chicherwa inokura gore. maparera echisikigo kwakadaro kunogona Achanzi Stretch. Kana kutora ake mumaoko, pakarepo rinopisa kumusoro, sezvinoita nhindi epurasitiki - uye ruzivo vanhu kuti pakarepo kuudza chaiye, chando uye rinorema ibwe kubva nyore rematsutso hauremi copycat.

Nuclear-isina nzira

Zvakanakira nzira iyi kurimwa ndiko kuti nokuramba kukura uye musimboti nokururamisira duku cultured chicherwa hakusi muduku nechinhu, uye kazhinji kupfuura dzinongoitika ibwe iri ruvara uye kukura. Panguva ino nguva zvinenge zvose Freshwater cultured maparera, kukura zvisina kupfuura 8-9 neMM, rapera nokuda kworuzivo urwu. Pane rinoshandiswa sezvo chinoumba duku rubanzu nacre, iyo inotorwa goko pachayo.

Also akura zvicherwa zviri Freshwater uye zvomumvura, kuti zvinoenderana apo parera mussel dzinogarisana.

Freshwater maparera

It zvakunokura Freshwater rwizi kana gungwa mvura, kusanganisira vaimbove Chinese minda mupunga. Minda vari ruzere zvachose, panzvimbo ino paiva hwomutambarakede microclimate nokuti dzemugungwa mavakanga kuwandisa nokukurumidza, uyewo kuva parera. Varimi dzose nguva vachiongorora mvura tembiricha, ayo ph uye sezvamunoita. Panguva clam parera kuibvisa inofanira kwabviswa nguva nenguva kuti ibwe havana kuwana "munhu mumwe chete angoramba". Nemamwe mashoko, vakakomberedza maparera anowana basa rakaoma chaizvo, kusanganisira papurazi ezvinhu. Cultured Freshwater maparera - Vakawanda chicherwa nokuda dzakasiyana-siyana makuriro, mavara uye zvitarisiko. Middle ayo saizi 4-6 mm. Very isingawanzowanikwi kukura maparera izvi anenge 10 neMM, saka, nokuti maparera dzakadaro mutengo inowedzera zvinoshamisa!

The inonyanya goko - «Hyriopsis schlegeli», huchibva kubva mhuri Unionide. In divi rayo zvekunze zviri kunyanya shava, pamwe mukati - chena uye kumeso. In Freshwater maparera hapana neerekitironi. The anosiyiwa vaya zvicherwa kuti akakura kupfuura 10 mm. Pashure pemakore 1.5 kuti saizi ibwe kunosvika 3 neMM, kunyange pashure 3 years - 7 mm. 7 mm mu dhayamita, vachava kunyange pashure 4 years. Somugumisiro, parera 10 mm kana kupfuura vari kukura makore anenge 7 !!!

Pane zvinotevera chicherwa Freshwater noruvara: ruomba, chena, Champagne, mashava, chiedza nezvishava, nezvishava uye rwepingi namaparera.

Forms inogona kubva donhwe serin'i, zai serin'i, denderedzwa kuti kartofeleobraznogo. Very zvisingawanzoitiki guru, kumativi zvakakwana parera.

Saltwater maparera vari cultured

chicherwa ichi, iyo yakura pamusoro chete papurazi, asi chete riri pamatunhu makungwa. Zvinonzi aikoshesa kupfuura Freshwater. Mumwe goko Kazhinji akabvisa hapana kupfuura munhu, dzimwe nguva maparera matatu. Zvikurukuru, vane dzose chimiro, akanaka chivheneke. Nei mutengo zvakadaro zvakawanda maparera? Sea munyu mvura rinopa zvikuru kunyange ruvara uye chinokosha ruvara, pane kutsva, saka rinodhura zviri kumusoro.

Saltwater maparera richikura nokukurumidza kupfuura rwizi. Panguva hunotarisirwa kuraramwa parera-goko nguva upenyu makore 8-10. Unofanira kunzwisisa kuti gungwa rakaoma chaizvo kudzivirira clams kubva kuchinja kamwe kamwe mumvura tembiricha uye madutu. Saka, tembiricha kuchinja pa 2˚ mollusk muviri pakarepo anotanga kubudisa asidhi izvo corrodes parera, kutaura zvazviri, ayo chapamusoro, uye kubva ichi iye acharasikirwa kubwinya uye kuva Cloudy. Somugumisiro, parera varimi kuti 1 day, kazhinji vanorasikirwa mugumisiro basa akawanda. Somugumisiro, kuderedza nguva ichiibvira pamusoro chicherwa nhasi pamusoro zvomumvura mumapurazi zhinji vachishandisa mbeu-tsanga.

Akoya cultured maparera

Izvi zvomumvura dzinongoitika maparera vari akura kumaodzanyemba Japan. Mukupera kwematsutso yakanaka parera iri kukohwewa chirimwa. Ipapo chicherwa anowana kunonyanyisa chivheneke. ibwe iri mu dhayamita kusvika 9 mm uye zvinodhura chaizvo. mutengo wayo anotanga kuwedzera pamwe nerimwe idzva millimeter apo dhayamita 8 mm. Zvikurukuru, ndiyo inoropafadzwa muJapan, kunyange zvino kunze kwenyika rakatanga uye China.

The chicherwa rapera muna 2-shizha dzemugungwa kuti nhengo genus Pinctada, zita mutauro wechiJapan unorira Akoya-kai. Kutaura zvazviri, pano rakasvika zita ibwe.

dzemugungwa izvi tisvike 7-8 cm uye kukura maparera - 6-8 mm. Muchiitiko chino, zvicherwa makuru hukuru mhiri zvikuru vashoma. Unorema pamusoro maparera unganidzwa pamusoro pazvitsuwa Kyushu uye Honshu. Dangwe uye inozivikanwa nzvimbo kurimwa vaiona Apfuura Bay.

Kazhinji, kurima kwacho zvinoda 1.5-4 d

Akoya maparera wayo Qualitative maitiro anonzi Hanadama. Nderake boka AA uye AAA. Mukirasi iyi zvicherwa A uye B anenge 30-40% yose inowanwa vhoriyamu.

Huru ibwe mavara: ruomba-chena, parera-chena uye rwepingi namaparera. It anosangana nguva nenguva zvicherwa silvery-manyoro uye sirivha hues.

Chimiro maparera yakasiyana, pamwe zvikuru zvakakwana idenderedzwa.

Maparera of South Seas

Migwagwa, rova vepamusoro ane nzvimbo niche ari pamusika uyu. In Indonesia uye Australia akaita chifananidzo uye chena namaparera. Pasinei nokuti kukura kwacho ranyura kufanana kuti ari Akoya, matombo aya zvikuru hombe: somuenzaniso, chicherwa saizi iri 20 mm.

Izvi parera mhando akura achishandisa mollusc Pinctada maxima. To musi, yakura iri Indian uye Pacific nyanza, kuPhilippines, Australia, Myanmar uye Indonesia.

Unorema zvirimwa 9-20 mm. Kwakadaro maparera chisarudzo inopiwa siyana zvinhu:

• Dzemugungwa Pinctada maxima dziri pamhenderekedzo pakati South China uye Australia. The zvakawandisa plankton uye yakajeka mvura inodziya rinobvumira parera kukura nokukurumidza uye nokukurumidza muviri mukati Oyster.
• Ukuru Pinctada maxima vakura vanogona kusvika masendimita 30, izvo zvinoita kuti tikwanise kudyara musimboti gonads ndiyo yakakura zvikuru kupfuura Akoya.
• The Pinctada maxima parera raizoiswa chinoumba kwake 1 year old, uye vaviri makore vaifanira vanokura chicherwa. Yakareba kurimwa runoita kuti vawane vapfumi cultivar iyi guru saizi.

mabwe awa vane zvikuru guru saizi, inodziya noruvara ruvara uye satin Mat Gloss. The mapurazi Anonyanyowanika kushandiswa mhando mbiri Pinctada maxima: goridhe-lipped uye sirivha-lipped, mune mamwe mazwi, parera nendarama uye mai-of-neparera zvesirivha uye kusarudza ruvara.

A yakasiyana pfuma chicherwa ichi zvinoshamisa gobvu rukoko uye nacre - 2.6 mm (ukobvu Akoya maparera ndiyo 0.35-1.2 mm).

Panyika pamusika uye matombo aya dzimwe nguva semunhu maparera vatema, dzimwe nguva - dombo Cortez. Asi ichi ndicho zvachose kwete chokwadi. Kunyange zvazvo maererano kupatsanura CIBJO (International Jewellery Confederation), pfungwa "Pearls South Sea" rinogona kunzi kune mabwe, dzakanga yairimwa Pinctada maxima.

Uyewo, rokuAustralia chicherwa parera goko arambe achirema uye mamiriro vari nani zvikuru kupfuura vokuJapan.

pera dema

Mumwe ngaave - chiri basa zvinoshamisa zvakasikwa, kunyanya kupiwa chokwadi kuti hapana wavo vari muchimiro haazodzokororwi. chicherwa ichi - akakwana. Panguva iyoyowo haachafaniri vavashandire, hazvina zvakakodzera kupa vamwe mamwe chimiro. Munhu wese - peya-zvakaumbwa, rwakapoteredza, "bhatani" - chicherwa ndiko kusimba zvinokosha nokuti zvinoda hapana makemikari kurapwa, nokuda parera oysters vari zvikaramba kare zvakakwana kumeso, yakaoma uye yakachena. Asi kwete ose ibwe dema, izvo zvinogona kuonekwa zvishongo zvitoro zvechokwadi rutema. Dzimwe nguva vatenzi zvikuru akazodzwa zvicherwa chena, kuti asike chaiwo kushanda. Unofanira kunzwisisa kuti achiri nyepera, kunyange yakakwirira chaizvo unhu.

chicherwa ichi ndicho chikuru mureza anozviratidza kuna Tahiti. It kunoratidzwa kukwanisa kuvaima muzuva, mukuwedzera, inofadza "esimbi" coloring, zvisina kwese kune dzimwe mhando maparera. Pane pfungwa kuti kazhinji "dema", saka zita raro, uye kwakange, asi zviri zvechokwadi pfumbu ayo maketeni siyana. Uyewo, pane matombo siyana iyi makara kujairika kwavari: yebhuruu, aubergine, mutema, yemiorivhi, zvitema uye tsvuku.

The kupfuura kudhura mhando chiTahiti maparera

Izvi zvinosanganisira cobalt rwedenga uye Iridescent yebhuruu ruvara. The mhete parera rimwe anofanira kuva woita chimiro, aine dhayamita kuva duku pane 12 neMM, uye, chokwadi, Zvakanakisa wakanyatsokodzera vavakidzani vavo ruvara. kushongedzwa kwakadaro kunokosha mamiriro ichi, sezvo iri kuenda kwemakore, nekuti havazivi ishe chero mhanza kusika chishamiso chakadaro. Nature unobereka zvakare zvishoma akanaka ferrous zvicherwa. Dzimwe vaviri balls zvakafanana uye mhete chinoshayikwa.

Zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti nhema parera anogara ari wokutanga chakakandirwa. unhu hwake anoita tenzi pachisarudzo chake kutanga kubva muroyi, inopisa, rima parera chivheneke. Chokwadi, zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nayo nguva dzose zvikuru zvokushamisira. Vanogona kuita mukadzi yakasiyana, inopenya, akarangarira. Chokwadi, mumwe musikana maparera vatema - zviri chaiyo muroyi kuti bika, kutsvaka pacharo, kugara utsanzi, kudzika nokusingaperi kuferefeta wake ani, uyewo kuwanikwa inoshamisa mugwenga chitsuwa mugungwa kwomweya.