"Chiito War" - ichi ... "feki War" kubva 1939-1940. pamusoro Western Front

The Second World War rakakamurwa kuva muzvizhinji kuti nguva. Pakutanga makakatanwa, pasinei nokuti Great Britain uye France vachidudzira hondo Germany, mumwe mushumiri wenguva pamwero zviito nezvombo havana muAtlantic. Chokutanga, kumadokero, uye ipapo pechiitiko ari National historiography rakanzi "hondo wokumwe".

The chidzoke rokuti

Shoko rokuti "hondo phony" - iri yepachena shanduro American journalistic Cliche feki War. Mashoko akazviratidza muna US wokudhinda mumazuva European kurwisana mangwanani. Kushandura chaidzo okuti - hondo venhema kana nyepera.

Kamwe muGermany, akauya simba, Adolf Hitler, akatanga mutemo kubatana venyika inogarwa chiGerman ruzhinji. Muna 1938, ivo Third Reich sungano Austria. Mwedzi mishomanana gare gare zvakanga yavaibatisa Sudetenland muCzechoslovakia.

The hasha zviito yaHitler ndifare vavakidzani vake. Poland akanga inotevera pasi kurwiswa. Maererano migumisiro World War First , iye akagamuchira vaimbova mapurovhinzi German, izvo akabvumira nyika kusvika kuGungwa reBaltic. Führer akabvunza kudzoka idzi. Hurumende Polish aramba kuenda muvakidzani zvichemo. Nokuti kuchengeteka zvikuru Warsaw zviremera mapinda kubatana France uye England. Maererano gwaro idzva, nyika idzi aifanira kubatsira kwePoland ari chiitiko German kurwisa.

War aifanira kumirira refu. September 1939 1 , Germany yakapinda muPoland. Mazuva maviri gare gare, France neBritain akazivisa hondo Third Reich maererano zvibvumirano zvavo Warsaw. In Poland isu tichitarisira kuti kubatsirwa Western vatsigiri kanganisa pamapoka mazhinji German. Kutaura zvazviri, zvose ndakadzidzawo chokwadi.

Siegfried mutsetse

vamiriri Polish muLondon uye Paris vakakurudzira vatsigiri kutanga pakarepo-zvose zvaigumbura kudzivirira vokuGermany kubvuta zvine urongwa danho. Pasina nguva zvakava pachena kuti Britain uye France akanga asina kunyange kugadzirira chirongwa chiito kana pakutanga pamwero mukuru kunetsana. "Hondo feki" anoratidzwa mune chiedza akaipa.

vemauto omubatanidzwa muna September mangwanani dzakasarudza kuti mumwe mavhiki maviri ichava kuunganidza, pashure izvo French kuti arwise pamusoro Siegfried Line. Raiva zita hombe-pamwero hurongwa masvingo, iyo yakavakwa kumadokero chikamu Germany. 630 makiromita ari kudzivirira zvaikoshawo kuitira kudzivirira nyika kubva tsamwisa French. Paiva nokusimbaradza kongiri, uyewo zvivako zvakakodzera kudzivirirwa matangi inifanduri.

Maginot mutsetse

France anewo yayo kudzivirira, yakavakwa kana hondo Germany. Rakanzi Maginot Line. Zviri pamusoro kumiganhu izvi vakamira mauto ichiitwa kusvikira "phony hondo." Izvi zvakanga asatenderwe zvakavimbiswa Poles pamusoro kubatsira pakurwisa vokuGermany.

The murayiro German kutamiswa ayo dzokumadokero miganhu 43 Boka. Vaifanira vazvidzivirire sokuvapo Kuregwa kwePoland. MuGermany zvakarurama yakasarudza kuti hondo iri fronts maviri raizova kukuremera zvokuti nyika.

Saka, nzira bedzi yokuti France kubatsira muPoland kuti nokuparura imwe inogumbura iri chikamu nhete muganhu pamwe Third Reich. In Paris, vasingagoni kupa kuti vafambe mauto kuburikidza Belgium uye Netherlands, nekuti zvakafamba chibharo dzavo akataura kwavakarerekera. Naizvozvo, mauto avo German huru akaiswa pamusoro 144-kiromita tatamuka rwizi Mosel kuna Rhine. Siegfried mutsetse pano akanga akapoteredzwa nevanhu minefields. Zvakanga rakapotsa haripindiki mutsetse.

Kunyaya yacho nevatsigiri

Kusvikira September 17 "hondo phony" - yomunzvimbo kurwa pakati penyika mbiri dzisina munzvimbo. Ivo vakasimuka anenge nomuzvarirwo uye asina zvainoita zvinonyatsorehwa ezvinhu panguva mberi. kuunganidza French akanonoka nokuda vakawanda kuhondo hurongwa obsolescence. Vaiendeswa havana nguva kunyange kupfuura kurovedza kutanga zvinhu vaifanira kurarama muhondo. Chimwe chikonzero kunonoka kutanga Paris rakanga kukundikana UK kukurumidza kushandisa mauto kuti kondinendi. "Feki Hondo" kusvikira Poland akanga achitora muguta rimwe. On September 17, sezvo nechisimba USSR, ipapo Republic pakupedzisira yakadhirika, sandwiched pakati vavengi maviri. Panguva iyi "hondo phony" pamusoro Western Front haana kuuya Germany hapana matambudziko: The Third Reich yakanga yaita nenzira yacho achikunda kuzvidzivirira vavakidzani. Mushure basa kwePoland vakatanga kushanda pamusoro muDenmark uye Norway.

Saar tsamwisa

Zvichakadai, French pakupedzisira yakatanga akangokudenha, rwakazokura aizivikanwa historiography sezvo Saar. Yaiva chikamu mushandirapamwe, inova "hondo phony." Kutsunga kushanda hurongwa dzakawira pamafudzi Gustave Gamelin. French Mauto mberi vhiki yokutanga 20-30 chete makiromita.

French renguva pamwero tsamwisa yaitangira musi 20 September. Zvisinei, pamusoro rechi17, kwakasarudzwa kuibvisa nokuda nezano kwePoland. Kutaura zvazviri, Western dzairwisa mapfumo, uye kwete kutanga chikuru hondo Reich, maoko dzakasunungurwa aHitler, izvo zvinogona kuunza nyore nyaya yavo kune mamwe kumatunhu ayo vatiwo. Izvi kwaiva mugumisiro, izvo zvakaita kuti "hondo phony". Kutsunga wokuhafu vanomoyo vatsigiri danidziro vane US, apo muchina wokudhinda akatsamwa passivity yeFrance Great Britain.

Plan "keltainen"

First vokuGermany yakatanga pakaunda-tsamwisa musi 16 October. Panguva oparesheni iyi, French akasiya zvose achiitei imwe nzvimbo shoma uye dzakanga shure panguva kwezana Maginot Line. Time akapfuura, asi zvakadaro akaramba chete "hondo phony." Chii icho kuedza kupindura dzekare. zhinji kare munguva yorugare. Ivo vose vakasvika pakugumisa kuti mamiriro ezvinhu pamberi zvakachinja apo Wehrmacht akatanga kushandisa urongwa "keltainen". Yaiva kushanda pamwero mukuru nechisimba Belgium, Netherlands uye France. "Hondo Phony" yakapera zuva German tsamwisa (May 10, 1940). Tsanangudzo iyi wakaiswa mukati mishomanana basa vatsigiri. Panguva ino, Germany akakwanisa kubata munhu kunyika shoma European uye kuwana shure kwake kutanga inokosha muchiuto Varwisei France, uko kwakaguma June 22, 1940 kusaina of nguva yekumbotaurirana Compiegne,. Maererano gwaro iri, France aitoita.