Chii un'anga, uye chii kuonekwa panguva?

Kana kun'anga - iri chinhu chitsvene, chisikwa, Fani, un'anga - munhu kunamata ichimutsa. Zvinonzwisisika, asi akanyanya kutsarukana, saka - chinyakare. Ruzivo panyaya iyi avhareji munhu mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi21, iro kwakasimbiswa zvokuti maonerwo netsika-dzakaitika, achifungidzira un'anga sezvo chinonakidza zvachose ano. Uye anotaura kuti ake zvakanaka mukunamata zvifananidzo (anoratidza nyeredzi, vezvematongerwo enyika) uye zvinhu (vanozivikanwa mavanga, mutambarakede nhumbi). Asi kupfuura zvose kuti mubvunzo kuti chii un'anga kunzwa pamusoro dzepabonde zvarakasiya, kana chinangwa chido, achikudza, kunamata anova lingerie, shangu uye zvimwe zvinhu nomudiwa.

Un'anga setsika basa

Kutaura zvazviri, vanhu vakatanga kunamata zvinhu, zvinhu, masangano kubva kwayo chitarisiko panyika. Asi pasinei ichi nhoroondo refu, vamiririri sayenzi havana kuuya rwakafanana kunzwisisa zviri un'anga. YeAustria W. Schmidt, vakaona ANODZIDZA uye nyanzvi, ndine chokwadi kuti vanhu vekare zvavanodavira hunhu haana vakawanda, sezvo vakawanda, uye mumwechete. Kureva, kwaiva Mwari mumwe uye chitendero chimwe. Un'anga aivawo asiri chitendero asi mashiripiti achishandisa kutaura, pamwe totemism uye animism. Maererano pfungwa, izvo pakutanga akazviratidza chitendero, chete ipapo un'anga - sechinhu chinodiwa tsika basa. Masayendisiti Most havabvumirani dzidziso iyi, uye rinosiyanisa Schmidt musoro Vashaya: kubvuma chepakutanga mumwechete rwoga inova nokumunyima pamusoro shanduka nechitendero. Asi nhoroondo yavo inoratidza zviri mukati nyasha-shanduka kubva vakawanda (vamwari vakawanda) kuti mumwechete (mumwechete).

Pakutanga kwaiva un'anga. Kana totems?

Zvikasadaro rinotsanangura kuti un'anga, asi wokuFrance of Bros. Sezvo wenhoroondo chitendero, kubvira kare vadzidza mubvunzo uyu Bros anoona un'anga hakusi zvemashiripiti achishandisa kutaura chitendero, uye mukuru chitendero pacharo. Other masayendisiti (Frazer, Durkheim) anonzi kwazvo yekare muchimiro un'anga zvaunotenda. Totemism, avo maonero, zvikuru yakakodzera tsanangudzo iyi. Kune vaya zvamaronga ichi basa animism. On rwokuparidza ichi rinopera tsvakurudzo, kunyanya sezvo rimwe nemaonero, sainzi asina. Nepo masayendisiti haana kuikurukura, ticharamba vafunga papfungwa kuti zvakatangwa kufambidzana iri nzanga iri yezven'anga uye totems.

Totems vanogara Africa

Totems vane marudzi ose. Izvi ndizvo zvimwe mhuka chitsvene, shiri, muti, ibwe, riri vaiona anorichengeta mhuri uye kunyange namadzibaba ake. Asi kusiyana yezven'anga, totems vangave vakasiya kukosha kwavo chete madzinza Africa, Australia, North yoga. Kunyange zvazvo mune makuru mumaguta African, apo nokuchengeta nokutenda madzitateguru mhuka. nzvimbo dzavo vashanyi kazhinji kuchengeta tsika vachitamba kuti anoitwa zvizvarwa zvemo kupfeka Masiki yemhuka. Panyaya European tsika, mhuka totem kurarama chete nengano uye tsika, asi kwete zvechitendero kuziva vanhu. VokuItaly Somuenzaniso, ngano ngano vakatanga reRoma uye uchiri - hapana zvakakomba anofunga pachake muzukuru Bere wacho Itza.

Un'anga, umbimbindoga uye ruchiva

Asi yezven'anga munyika yanhasi vatopiwa anenge yakakurumbira kupfuura kare. Uye kwete nechido zvose zvemarudzi zvinoshamisa mazango, mazango uye twaiva izvo nokuda kwayo mutengo kupa zvakawanda mushrooming n'anga, vanorapa uye vazivi venyeredzi. Modern nzanga somunhu, anopa chomweya ehupfumi zvinhu, ivo vaberekawo. Paiva idzva "chitendero enyama ruchiva" (Marx), chikuru aizoonekawo - varanda vanotongwa. Zvichida ichi ndicho tsanangudzo chii un'anga nhasi kupfuura kwakarurama. Vanhu vanenge handikumbiriri panguva motokari nomukurumbira, kwezvishongo, chisingabatsiri daub vamwe fashoni "shasha". Asi chinonyanya unoshamisa nokuratidzwa ano un'anga kunamata zvifananidzo. Fans - vakawanda chaizvo fetishists.