Chii tsandanyama inzwi?

Muscle matauriro - mumwe vasiri zvivako womunhu muviri. Hunhu ichi haina yatangwa, asi pane zvakawanda dzidziso kuti dzinoitirwa nenyanzvi. Muscle makakatanwa ndakazorora dzingave dzawirwa nezvinenge zvaitika kana zvirwere tsinga. Kune mhando mbiri zvokurwara: hypertonicity uye hypotonia. Nyaya detailed Kutarira nezviratidzo zvavo uye kurapwa.

Kukosha tsandanyama matauriro

Tonic tsandanyama makakatanwa - chakaipa vasiri mamiriro muviri, iyo rinoitwa panguva dzepanguva chechetere. Pasina izvozvo, hazviiti kuti aite masangano akawanda, uyewo kuramba nzvimbo muviri. Muscle mataurire anochengeta muviri akagadzirira chiito. Ndicho chinangwa chikuru chacho.

Chii mashandiro kuti tsandanyama matauriro chaiye? Kana munguva sangano kunosanganisira fibers dzose jira, vamwe havana kutevera mumwe. Nepo nerongo mumwe, vamwe zororo. Zvinofadza kuti pakuitika zvakananga kunokanganisa psycho-kunetsa munhu. Somuenzaniso, vasanyanye chetsandanyama inzwi kunoderedza kunyatsoshanda uye kunoitika kunonyanya pakurara. State achabatsirwa yepanyama rwune: yekudyidzana kunoderedza kunyanya mafaro.

tsandanyama matauriro chengetedzo rinoitwa kushandisa alpha- uye wegamma-motoneurons, uye chokurukisa afferents. The pulses kuuya kubva uropi. Nokuti kwerunyararo tsandanyama inzwi asangane ari basal ganglia, cerebellum, midbrain (tsvuku neerekitironi, substantia nigra, quadrigemina, reticular inotungamirwa). Kana zvinokanganisawo Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu anokonzera tonic makakatanwa inomuka pakakuvara: hypotension kana neBP tsandanyama.

Kuongorora chirwere nedzevakuru

Matauriro shanduko inogona kuitika nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana. Kakawanda iri hosha tsinga kana kunzwisisa psycho-kunetsa. Achitaura nyaya zvaipesana tsandanyama matauriro wetsinga kana orthopedist. To zvakanaka rokuongorora, ubudise inspections. Anoongorora tsandanyama makakatanwa vagadzikana uye pusa kufamba vachibatsirwa dzinokosha miedzo: akadonha musoro, supination-pronation, uku gumbo, vachidzungudza mapfudzi, uye vamwe.

Ongororai zvakaoma: kwete murwere ose chinogona chokutyira. Panguva iyoyo inokosha uye zvinodiwa kuti chiremba - kuongorora mamiriro kunokanganisa kumhanya pusa kufamba. Dai skew migumisiro uye zvimwewo zvinhu: tsandanyama mataurirwo zvakachinja achifuridzirwa tembiricha, uye chinzvimbo nepfungwa. Ezvinhu akaoma zvikuru zvinoda kuzodzosera kuzviongorora.

Tonus muvana pasi gore rimwe

Chibereko chechizvaro ndiwo pedyo chaizvo, saka kuti zvose tsandanyama vari kugara makakatanwa. Pashure pakaberekwa mwana vakachengeta vasiri hypertonicity. Panyaya iyi, musoro kukandwa musana, uye makumbo uye maoko vanopiwa muviri.

At chii tsandanyama vari zvokumanikidzira, zvazvinoita nzvimbo mwana ari mudumbu uye kuberekwa rikurumidze. Somuenzaniso, kana munhu praevia yakawedzerwa mataurire mutsipa (mucheche kupotsera musoro wake shure). At nezvenzvimbo "mberi magaro" mwana nemakumbo chakaita vega vanoumba necheparutivi pamusoro 90 °. Avete pamubhedha, mwana ari kuedza kutora yaizivikanwa fetus nzvimbo.

Chirwere mukatanga vana

Kuburikidza kuongororwa, enda kunoona chiremba kana wetsinga pamusoro mamiriro hwomwana tsandanyama rifanane anotevera zvinhu:

• Muna 1 month mwana avete nomudumbu, kuedza kusimudza musoro uye akabata chive masekonzi mashoma. Makumbo anoita flexion kufamba zvakafanana kukambaira. Kana isu kuisa rutsoka ruoko, achaita kutyiswa nazvo.
• By 3 months mwana akwegura akabata musoro wake nechivimbo. Kana iwe uchaimutsa akarurama, makumbo achaita kufamba sezvinoita kufamba. Mwana anogona kuvimba tsoka. Kana ukaisa naye shure kwake uye kudhonza mubato, kuchashamisa kumusoro nemauto avo.
• Kusvikira 6 mwedzi mwana akakungurutsa pamusoro kubva mudumbu shure, kuedza kusimuka ose mana, vakabata zvinhu zviduku.
• Pakazosvika gore mwana agere chivimbo, kuedza kufamba yokutsigira pachake, nezvechinhu wakanaka motokari unyanzvi.

Kana nembudzana haugoni kuita chimwe chezvinhu zviito izvi semubairo kunyanya Zvinetso, kana, Ukuwo, tsandanyama simba, vanotaura zvokurwara. Mukuwedzera, chiremba anoyera symmetry matauriro. Kuti izvi zvidaro, rave kufonyora-anombotwasanudza maoko uye makumbo mwana. Club uye vachishingaira kufamba mu postures siyana. Kutsauka kubva ndozvakajairwa anonzi hypotonia, hypertonia, kupfuurira kunyange panguva hope, uye dystonia.

Types uye zvinokonzera hyper kukura kwayo

Inosimudzira tsandanyama matauriro aoneswe dzakasiyana. Nyanzvi kusiyanisa:

• Spasticity - anovandudza nokuda dzechimwe pfungwa uye kukuvara musana, yomumuzongoza, encephalopathy, palsy, multiple sclerosis, sitiroko. Inozivikanwa nokuda gogonera kuparadzirwa hypertonicity, spasm kana pachena kuti chete mamwe mapoka netsandanyama.
• Rigidity - rakapinza kuwedzera skeletal tsandanyama matauriro, izvozvo unovapo kubva tsinga zvirwere, hunokachidza chiito vamwe chepfu.
• Gegenhalten - zvinoshamisa kuwedzera kurwisa kuti tsandanyama panguva pusa fambisa chero mhando. It unovapo maererano maronda ari corticospinal turakiti kana yakavhenganiswa mune frontal mudunhu uropi.
• Myotonia - iri dzinoratidzwa slowdown vakazorora kusununguka tsandanyama pashure zvinoshingaira kufamba.
• Psychogenic neBP - aumba "hysterical chinhu chakakombama" panguva kufenda.

Vana ndivo honzeri hyper yokuberekwa kunotevera, hypoxia panguva basa, kukuvara tsinga uye pfungwa, yomumuzongoza, kunyanya kushatirwa kana wokusagadzikana.

Zviratidzo hyper

NeBP runoratidzwa mune tsandanyama wokunzwa kushushikana mupfungwa dzakadekara ezvinhu. The chirwere vangazivikanwa kubudikidza anotevera unhu:

• kuderera mune gwenya basa, kuomarara muna tsandanyama;
• seal;
• kunzwa tinyanye makakatanwa;
• marwadzo;
• chinyamunhari chinorwadza;
• wandei kuramba tsandanyama panguva pusa masangano;
• nevana vachidanidzira, kushatirwa, vakawedzera tsandanyama kuramba panguva akadzokorora flexion-chiwedzerwa masangano;
• mu akarurama nzvimbo chete rutsigiro tsoka pamusoro rutsoka runonditsikirira mwana nokuva pamusoro tiptoe;
• deceleration pakati injini kukura mwana (haadzokeri, usingatangi kukambaira, asingadi kuenda akaisa wezera).

Notice gipertonus munhu mukuru kana mwana nyore, kunyanya zvine mwero uye kwazvo nzendo. Changes gait, zviito yaitwa stiffly, nokutambudzika kukuru. Vana panguva clamped uye rwakatambanudzwa, kazhinji kuchema uye hope zvakaipa, zvinorwadza sei chero, kunyange zvishoma ruzha. Vadya hune kurutsa kuitika.

Zvinokonzera uye zviratidzo hypotension tsandanyama

Simba tsandanyama matauriro kunoratidzwa yakaderera voltage jira pane dzakadekara ezvinhu, nokuda izvo zvinobva zvava zvinonetsa ndivaise chiito. Izvi kunoitika kunyanya nokuda kukuvara kana chirwere pamusoro musana, cerebellum kana extrapyramidal zvirwere uye cerebellar maronda. Kuitika uye nezvipusha, panguva iyo kwekanguva kuderedzwa tsandanyama matauriro. Izvi zvinoitika muna rikwanise chokutambudzika sitiroko kana yechipiri pfungwa anomera.

Simba tsandanyama mukatanga vana iri ishoma neBP. Chitarisiko Its zvinogona kukonzerwa Prematurity, kunonoka kukura uropi, peripheral kukuvara tsinga panguva yokuberekwa muitiro, pakupona, chirwere cheDown syndrome, kusimba.

Symptomatic hypotension tsandanyama muvana vari:

• lethargy, pamusoro-vasununguke mamiriro;
• kufema zvinetso, kutadza kumedza, sveta;
• murombo kurovedza muviri;
• kunyanya nehope, murombo kufuta.

Zvaipesana tsandanyama mataurire nenzira kwayo kuderera inogona kuchengetwa vakura. To ichi kazhinji kutungamirira zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana: chinonzi dystrophy, sepsis, kusimba, yomumuzongoza, Sandifer syndrome. Condition achiperekedzwa Kurwara, akaderedza kuzvidzivirira kana kuita pusa kufamba. Majoini flexion vakazvimiririra unbend, tsandanyama, manyoro yacho ikabatwa.

Muscular dystonia nedzevakuru nevana

Kana dystonia tsandanyama matauriro pane gogonera. Panguva iyoyo pane zviratidzo zvose hypotension uye BP. The chikuru zviratidzo dystonia muvana uye vakuru vari:

• kunyanya Makakatanwa zvimwe tsandanyama uye kutandara nevamwe;
• spastic marwadzo;
• involuntary fambisa makumbo kana maoko;
• kutsanya kana kunonoka kufambira nomumwe nhengo dzomuviri.

Iva chimiro nokuda kuvabereki, zvirwere, kubereka kunotevera, yakanyanya kudhaka.

mabatiro

Muscle matauriro kunokosha normalize nguva, kunyanya muuduku. Kunoita zviratidzo kunotungamirira nokuvhiringidzirwa kufamba, scoliosis, palsy, kunonoka kukura. Kune nzira dzakawanda kurapwa:

• masaja pamwe tsandanyama matauriro kunopa migumisiro yakanaka tsandanyama sitiroko ichi, kanya, utambanudzire, kurovedza simba ravo, zvichiita vasiri kufamba (flexion-chiwedzerwa);
• physiotherapy mu t ekurwisana mumvura ..;
• Physiotherapy: electrophoresis, Ultrasound, kurapwa pamwe nekupisa, mvura uye muds;
• muna dzakaoma, kushandisa zvinodhaka, pakati zvinogona kupiwa B mavhitamini, dibazol, Mydocalmum.

Kana uri kuedza kwenyama tsandanyama hypertonia kushandisa shamhu, kunotevera zvokuporesa, zvinyoronyoro masaja, achitambanudza. Kana hypotension kunoitika nekusiyana, kukurudzira injini kufamba, tsandanyama mataurire nokuita zviitwa. Motor basa yekudyidzana anovandudza ezvinhu omurwere.

Zvaipesana tsandanyama inzwi - nevakawanda dambudziko iri vacheche uye vakuru vane zvirwere tsinga. Zviri nyore chaizvo kuti vabate tichibatsirwa masaja, kanenge - mishonga. Mufambo akadzokera dzose, uye kwete zvikasawanirwa zvakasara dambudziko. Chinhu chikuru - nguva kutanga kurapwa, tisingabvumiri zvakakomba kutyorwa uye zvarakasiya ari kukura marangwanda uye tsandanyama.