Chii kakawanda vachisiyanisa inzwi

Pakutanga zvingaita sokuti shoko rokuti "kakawanda vachisiyanisa inzwi" iri chete kushandiswa nevanhu vane basa rinosanganisira rokugadziridza kana dzigadziridzwe zvigadzirwa redhiyo achitumira michina. Kutaura zvazviri, vakawanda vanofunga zvisizvo. Frequency vachisiyanisa inzwi inozivikanwa zvikuru, nemhaka kushandiswa Chirungu-mutauro madunhurirwa, vazhinji havazive kunyange kuti chinowanzoonekwa nezvayo muupenyu. Zvino chiteshi mazita pamiromo wose. Izvi zvakasiyana, "karedhiyo". Unofunga kuti chii chiri chivakashure "FM"? Izvi kakawanda vachisiyanisa inzwi, chete Russified chidimbu - Frequency Kusiyanisa Inzwi, kureva FM.

Nokuti chero vachisiyanisa inzwi pakati analoginen chiratidzo akatakura anobatsira ruzivo rinoshandiswa mhando dzakawanda kwayo inotungamirwa. Yainyanya kushandiswa anotevera mhando vachisiyanisa inzwi, maitikiro uye amplitude. We funga nechimwe izvi zvizere.

Shoko rokuti "analoginen" zvinoreva risina kumiswa munguva, mukusiyana kune discrete digitaalinen transmissible kufamba kweropa alternation. Ngationei kuyeuka kunyatsogona wefizikisi uye Sine Wave AC. Cartesian Coordinates ari mundege: chinjikira uye tote nemitsetse. Yakatambarara kunonoka nguva uye hunyambiri rinomiririra kusimba (ano ukoshi). Sine Wave - chinoramba wave, sokunge strung iri nguva akabatana. To kushandisa sinusoid wokushandura ruzivo, zvinokosha kuita Coding mune imwe nzira, kuti ndiyo, kwakajairika nzira kutendeutsa wave.

Tinofungidzira kuti tinogona kutora sine wave sefungu mativi maviri (mbiri pfungwa chinhambwe kubva nemumwe) uye kumanikidzira nayo somunhu akodhiyoni. Somugumisiro, mafungu uchava chakasimba, nzvimbo neimwe vachava kuderera, asi uwandu kupfuura paminiti chairema nguva, pachava zvakawanda. Kutaura zvazviri, sine wave nekuumbanidzwa. Ndiko, kakawanda rakachinjwa. Zvisinei, akadaro Sine Wave isinakukodzera chiratidzo: kana zviri kutora paredhiyo, chete yunifomu kumashure kunogona kunzwika (beep, nokuimba).

To ichi mutakuri maitikiro zvine chinobatsira zvinoriumba, zvinokosha kuita yeEncoding uye vachisiyanisa inzwi, inova dzakangofanana. Chimbofungidzira zvino kuti tiri panzvimbo imwe kusvinwa wave nesimba kupfuura rumwe, uye kumwe kunyange akatambanudza sine wave wave, kureva, vakaumba imwe hurongwa. Somugumisiro, background vakava modulated, kushandura inzwi (playback mutauri). Kana ikozvino kazhinji kushandura inzwi, unogona kutaura mashoko anobatsira (inzwi). Izvi kakawanda vachisiyanisa inzwi. Ichokwadi, hapana maoko sinusoid anotambanudza - ndiwo basa rinokosha transformers.

A zvakafanana musimboti rinoshandiswa amplitude vachisiyanisa inzwi (AM, Amplitude Kusiyanisa), pamwe chete musiyano chete kuti kaviri havashanduki kakawanda nemafungu uye Vanongozvikudza. Ngatifungidzirei sinusoid tora maoko akawanda undulations yakarongwa pamusoro uye nechepasi zvido zvevanhu nguva akabatana. Zvino, pamusoro akabatana kuti tatamuka kana shure. Somugumisiro, nokukwirira zvinosiyana. Rinotevera boka mafungu Dzinochinjawo nenzira yakafanana, asi pamwe zvidiki (kana hombe) zvikuru. Kana iwe kutumira munhu "yakaunyana" Sine Wave kumutauri, unogona kunzwa vachinje matauriro: apo mafungu dzakakwirira, pane chiratidzo kusimba kukuru uye apo pazasi - pane zvishoma. Zvadaro zvinhu zvose nyore: sezvo achida manikidzira (tatamuka) chechinopiwa chinozunguzirwa, nokudaro yeEncoding ruzivo. Sezvo kuna kakawanda vachisiyanisa inzwi, kunewo hapana atambanudza pachavo maoko - basa zviridzwa.

Nzira kushandisa amplitude vachisiyanisa inzwi chiratidzo, ari chaizvo zvishoma spectral upamhi Zvisinei zvishoma kushandiswa nokuda redhiyo hutachiwana. Zvisinei, nokuda siyana wavelengths , uye airatidza simba iri FM uye AM, wokutanga kunoda kakawanda placement kuti transponders. Uyewo AM redhiyo kunoratidzwa guru rinofukidza kure uye chinosiyanisa yaibatsira pakuderedza zvakajeka, kunyange pamberi ruzha.