Chii chinonzi chirongwa. Definition of chirongwa, zviratidzo zvayo uye unhu

Project anotsanangura nzira kugona zvinangwa zvayo inoita:

1) Combine zvainoreva nekambani zvinangwa, kuwana izvo zvinoita mune foreseeable ramangwana.

2) anobudirira zano hurumende ichiisa mari.

3) Coordinate zvinoitwa vatungamiri uye vatambi.

Chii chirongwa? The tsananguro

Shoko "chirongwa» (projectus) anoshandura kubva muchiLatin sezvo "hunoshamisa, retractable mberi bulging". Uye kana iwe kutamba shure shoko duramazwi of Oxford, tinowana: "tsime-vakaronga pakutanga bhizimisi, pachake vakasikwa kambani kana Joint basa raida kuzadzisa zvakananga chinangwa." Kana wasvika mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu muudzame, zvino basa - ndiko:

• danidziro (kana mazita anotevedzana zviito), kuburikidza iyo dambudziko zvichapedzwa mimwe mibvunzo kana kuitwa kwakajeka pfungwa;

• imwe-nguva mabasa mumwe kana kupfuura, pasina iyo chirongwa uchava zvakaoma, uye tsanangudzo chinokosha zvinangwa;

• kwekanguva basa kuti zvaitwa nenguva netsika pamwe activation womumwe mari mari;

• nyaya, pakupera chiri yakaenzana kuwana achida mugumisiro;

• shoma nguva uye pfuma, kuva nesimba kana chiitiko kuti pedyo kubaya (ose basa kuitwa zvikuru vakasikirwa mabasa sangano kwakadaro);

• pamazita zviitiko yakafanira, iyo Implementation izvo kuchatungamirira kubudirira rimwe chete akarurama mugumisiro; Kazhinji, nezviyero izvi chinangwa Qualitative kuchinja kana kukura kuva chigadzirwa itsva (basa);

• popularization uye yokuronga patsva pfungwa dzakawanda uye kutsanangura chirongwa nezvinangwa kuti chikamu chikuru chirongwa, vagari Implementation-siyana urongwa hwezvekuita (mabasa);

• magadzirirwe anotevedzana kushandiswa, iro Implementation izvo zvichaita kuzadzisa zvimwe zvabuda kwenguva refu;

• Nhoroondo mabasa vakaronga kuti yakananga nguva uye pasi yakananga ezvinhu, chinangwa iyo - kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu mune ramangwana;

• chiitiko anoda gadziriro ane purani uye kupa nhevedzano remapazi zvainanga nokuchinja kukuru mune huripo ezvinhu;

• Hope kuti mashandiro naro inogona akaona mune ramangwana, achiteverwa yataura kunze pano kushandisa pfungwa kuti kuzviremekedza;

• kudzidza nyaya kufarira chipo nokuda vaigadzirira chiito toronga ramangwana.

By mhando zvirongwa zvinogona pachavo (somuenzaniso, kukura oga Website) kana kukura, nzanga simba rokuchinja (dzimwe nguva - kupfuura kuzivikanwa).

zvinhu

The chirongwa, riri rakasiyana kuzivikanwa, akadana utsanzi kana chitsva. Uye kana musingadi kuti kudzokorora kuurayiwa (kana havafaniri kudanwa nokusingaperi) chero pfungwa chirongwa munguva yemberi iri pedyo, yava kunzi mumwe-kure.

Kana mugumo mugumisiro anofanira kuwanikwa mune akafanorongerwa timeframe, saka, munhu pachena chepfungwa chirongwa - nguva muganhu. Zvino kuti pave chirongwa muupenyu zvinoda kuti kutora chikamu kwe nyanzvi kubva kuminda siyana, chirongwa rondedzero anogona 'anoenderana "neshoko rimwe - Interdisciplinarity.

nengozi

Njodzi uye kunzwisisa pamasikiro uye kurapa chirongwa inomuka achinyanya ari chiitiko kuti matambudziko akadaro haana kugadzirisa. Riskiness chirongwa anoenderana ayo kukura uye zvinenge midziyo (Kuwanikwa zvakafanira zvokushandisa, zvinhu uye nematurusi). pangozi dzakawanda, somuenzaniso, unobereka kuti mubhizimisi chirongwa, tsanangudzo zvinotisimbisa risingagoni kuva pasina zvakafanira zivo.

Mari kuti mari muzvirongwa

Domestic mari kana anozvipira mari rinoitwa tichiregeredza wekambani - muvambi chirongwa uye inopa kuti zvekushandisa pachake mari pakati shareholders. Uyewo haana warambidzwa mukana kushandisa mambure mubereko zvavakanga vachida kuita, uyewo damper zvipo, pamwe guta inotungamirwa iri zvachose zvakanangwa. Izvi mhando mari runobvira chete kana chiduku chirongwa.

Definition of chirongwa, mari externally:

1) External mari anogona kuva tichiregeredza wenyika, zvemari uye vasiri mari emakambani, vanogara, vanoita vavatorwa dzimwe mari panguva dzinoshandiswa havaoni.

2) kukumbanidzwa uye mugove.

3) Investment rwezvemabhengi uye zvikwereti zvisungo.

vakaomerwa zvinhu

chirongwa ose ine matatu vakaomerwa zvinokonzera:

• Period. zvakanaka kuverenga ya chacho, kune hwokugadzira dambudziko rakakamurwa Dzokuvaka, uye ipapo kuongorora "podomnost 'kwakaita basa uye enzanisa migumisiro yadzo zvakaitika vakabudirira Developers.
• Resources. Somuenzaniso, munhu pfuma: mudonzvo utariri, tsanangudzo chirongwa basa vachishandisa matarenda avo uye unyanzvi.
• Result. The zvinoumba chinhu ichi ndeinotevera: zvemari chinhanho, unyanzvi yokutengesa, mutengo-zvinobudirira, chirongwa maneja uye vatambi basa.

patani chirongwa

Kufunga basa chero sangano rinenge nguva zvichiita kuona mbiri dzakasiyana kiyi mabasa ayo, huripo panguva:

• vanonzi "purogiramu" uye yokudzokorora. mashandiro kana mutengapwe;

• zvirongwa.

Huru misiyano pakati izvi mhando mbiri mabasa - cyclical hunhu yokudzokorora. urongwa, uye kuzviisa pasi pamusoro chesamende kuita zvainanga kuwana akasiyana mugumisiro.

Somuenzaniso, muna mukugadzira, uchibereka motokari, basa chitoro conveyors, chizvidavirire Masvomhu uye kubudiswa tsamba chekuita nekorasi kushandiswa. Inodzokororwa kwema vari dzinoratidzwa kumbonyanya chinokosha chaizvoizvo, uye vanoda hurongwa nzira, iyo ndehwokuti - kuwedzera kugadzirwa kunyatsoshanda kwezvivako zviripo uye michina.

Definition of chirongwa yaitaura Implementation chero zvemukati kana zvokunze kuchinja, Somuenzaniso, mune zvakasikwa okunatsiridza chitsva, retrofitting conveyors kana kuunzwa itsva zvoga hurongwa. External kuchinja unganzwa yokutengesa mishandirapamwe, kuwedzera basa resangano, kuchinja musika ukama. Zvinokwanisika, kunyanya, ona zvinotevera variations:

• Projects Kufambisa inotungamirwa (nokubatanidzwazve zvavakanga vachida kuita, utsanzi zvichingodaro);

• Bhizimisi inotungamirwa zvirongwa (tsvakurudzo kukura, kugadzirwa zvigadzirwa zvitsva, paumbwe mberi kuitika, kuwana misika wamboonekwa);

• inotungamirwa zvirongwa (kuenderana) kwezvivako (yakarongwa kugadziriswa, yaitsiva midziyo uye zvichingodaro);

• zvirongwa zvebhizimisi chinozoiswa pasi chibvumirano (akapa yepakutanga kana unpresentable kugadzira, kuvakwa, kushandurwa pakutanga basa).

Pamazita Izvi zvinogona mberi, kana iwe nokubatanidza nayo nemienzaniso zvakasiyana maindasitiri dzinodiwa Misiyano iri kukura kwebasa, deadlines, nhamba revashandi uye kukosha nemigumisiro.

Nanganai kuwana zvawanikwa

Chinangwa chipi chirongwa - kuwana chaizvo mugumisiro, kuti, kuzadzika chinangwa. The chaizvo chinangwa - ndiko kuti kukonzera basa.

Definition of chirongwa hunosanganisira aurayiwe dzitsigirane mabasa. Projects zvainanga kuwana chinangwa, takaberekwa tine dzakadzama pfungwa rinodiwa kuti Implementation kwavo. The chikuru chepfungwa chirongwa Kutarisira - zvakarurama kutsunga uye idzidziso nezvinangwa, kutanga pamusoro-vaenzane uye anopera uchida Pfungwa yacho zvishoma zvinokosha zvinangwa.

Uyezve, basa racho anogona kuonekwa sechinhu danho nedanho kuti vabudirire zvikuru zvakajeka pakusimuka mabasa nyore, uye ayo kusimudzirwa - sei kubudirira pazvinangwa zvikuru. The chirongwa anonzi zvakakwana chete pashure vanosvika pakupedzisira chinangwa.

Chii chinonzi Portfolio muzvirongwa

Portfolio (Portfolio) - dzakaunganidzwa muzvirongwa (zvirongwa), vakabatana pamwe chete chinangwa: kuti kuzvidzora vajairane uye akabudirira. Kumorwa chirongwa ari Portfolio inogona interconnected, kwete tinofanira kugara vakawanda chinangwa uye tiripo yakazvimiririra.