Kana muna 1983 muUnited States vava MLRS MLRS, akabata zvachiri kungofanana muSoviet "Hurricane" ezvinhu rakashandiswa muna 1975, NATO nyika vakasarudza kuti vakabata Soviet Union pamusoro mugadziriro salvo moto. Zvisinei, vaiva vaizoshamiswa. Makore mana gare gare, muna 1987, vakatanga kushandisa reactive atirari hondo of Soviet Army akapinda installation "Smerch".
History chokusika
Basa kukudziridza matsva chitundumuseremusere hurongwa pamberi payo, kuwedzera kutsika mabasa rokuputsa zvokushandisa, zvombo, manpower, airfields uye mudonzvo, achiva uye kuparadzwa tactical zvombo. Nokuti chinangwa ichi zvakanga zvakakodzera kuwedzera kururama uye vachiridzira siyana. Nokuti kukura kwakadaro hurongwa zvakaitika kubva Tula Design Bureau of State Research uye Production Enterprise "Fusion", dzakanga dzakagadzirirwa zhinji chitundumuseremusere launchers Russia. General mugadziri aiva Alexander Nikitivich Ganichev, uye pashure porufu rwake - Denezhkin Gennadiy Alekseevich.
Racho.
Pakutanga basa vagadziri takatarisana nechinetso chinokosha. All chombo launchers Russia uye nyika, kutanga kunozivikanwa "Katyusha", pamwe nokuwedzera vachiridzira Range kurasikirwa mukana wavo chikuru - volley kurova kubaya haana, kukanganiswa dispersal huru zvitundumuseremusere. Kukunda drawback ichi, kutiza nokururamiswa chokutanga rakaiswa munyika akati zvombo kudzikisa uye Yaw. Nokushandisa rakasiyana kudzora mamiriro yakarova zvakarurama akanga kubudirira zviviri, uye kururama - katatu kupfuura kuti vokune dzimwe nyika mugadziriro salvo moto zvakafanana. Uyezve, muna projectile akashandisa nani hwakasimba-boosters. Zviitiko zvose izvi zvinoratidza kuti kugadzwa "Twister" - chombo vangasimudzira itsva pamwero kuti yaikurumidza kuuraya zvisina kumboitika siyana uye kuuraya simba romoto, kuparadzwa warrior motokari uye manpower zvinogona muvengi.
kwomugove zvombo
RZSO "Twister" - kuisa volley moto. It ane kanda gwaro sepombi 12, ukuwo, ari zvombo inosanganisira mhando 12 akasiyana zvombo. Funga zvimwe vavo. 9M55K goko ine musoro mugove pamwe kusabatana zvinhu. Yakagadzirwa kuita zvigadzirwa rakanaka munyoro uye manpower pachena kumaruwa. The projectile unotora 9M55K1 homing submunitions. Zvakagadzirirwa kuparadza pamusoro warrior motokari uye dzehondo. Missiles 9M55K3 uye K4 inoshandiswa Anti-vashandi uye Anti-mugodhi azvaitwa. Musoro mugove 646 iri akashongedzerwa 9M55K5 submunitions pamwe shaped-kusabatana lethality. Nezvibhakera 120 mm homogeneous zvombo uye inonyatsobudirira pamusoro inifanduri iyo zvinopfakanyika BMP uye APCs. Chombo 9M55F unotora munhu patsanurika mukuru-putika kusabatana warhead. Zvinoparadza manpower, kukurukurirana nzvimbo, kumuzinda, zvechiuto uye maindasitiri zvivako. Zvikuru anonetsa projectile kuti "Twister" ndiro 9M55S akashongedzerwa thermobaric warhead (anonzi huni mhepo zvinoputika, kana Vacuum bhomba). Zvinhu zviri ehurumende nemiedzo, izvo anosarudza kuti kunyatsoshanda kushandiswa kwayo, dzinoiswa.
Pari, inobva kumusoro munitions yakatanga zvombo itsva zvakawedzera vachiridzira-siyana 90 makiromita. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa mumwe unconventional warhead. Ndicho chombo ne ane unmanned ndege, iro rinotarisirwa kuongorora uye muvengi ushori kwehafu yeawa, uye ane yakakwirira mwero chinomuwana tichionga ayo duku ukuru.
The kunzwisisa MRL
Volley kugadzwa "Smerch" rine kurwisa motokari 9A52, akasikwa pachishandiswa mana ekisero chassis dzakakwirira muchinjikwa-chakarova 543 motokari. It akaunganidza pasuru 12 rikatungamirira rimwe tubular chimiro, pane nhepfenyuro kukurukura zvokushandisa, uyewo iripo midziyo moto kudzora hurongwa. transportnozaryazhayuschaya muchina unoshandiswa kuti rokukwidza launcher, ane 9T234 indekisi, uyewo nomusi chakarova-543. Aina shanduro MLRS inopa, pamusoro chikumbiro, yokutsiva motokari "Tatra-816." Izvi imhaka yokuti mune dzimwe nyika, dzakadai India, pane basa iri kambani yakatanga zvakanaka. Kuti pave nechokwadi vakarongeka rwisana chikumbiro Kurongwa anoshandiswa: yakaoma IQ (Automatic moto kuzvidzora) 9S729M1 "Kandai-1" KamAZ-43114 ( «Tatra-T815"); Vehicles nokuti kuongorora (1T12-2M indekisi, GAZ-66); Meteorological radiopelengatsionny kunzwisisa 1B44 "Smile" ( "Ural-43203").
Countries vane maoko pamusoro RZSO
Pakazosvika nguva Soviet Union yakaparara mumaoko regiments matatu chitundumuseremusere atirari akanga installation "Smerch". 336 hondo pashure 1991 vasara Belarus, 337 - mu Russia, uye 371 - muUkraine. Kuwedzera kunyika dzataurwa pamusoro apa, installation kushumira kuAzerbaijan, Algeria, Venezuela, Georgia, India, Kuwait, Brazil, Peru uye Turkmenistan. Chikamu Matangi munyika idzi vakaiswa zvakananga Rosoboronexport, uye vamwe chatengeswa kubva matura Soviet Ukraine uye Belarus. China unobereka RZSO "Smerch" iri marezinesi yawo chassis.
vaizotibata kuitika
Munyika yanhasi Russia iri kugadzira zvitsva chombo enyika. A Photo wavo anomirirwa yako kuteerera. kugadzwa uku "Kama" itsva chassis KAMAZ-6350 pamwe 6 njanji panzvimbo 12, iyo yakatanga kwakaratidzwa pagungano Aerospace anoratidza "MAKS-2007". RZSO uyewo anoramba kuva chizvarwa chitsva "dutu", huchakurumidza ataure pamusoro kuhondo basa iri Russian Army uye muchiuto dzimwe nyika.