Kutema muoti pakugaya. Mhando Zvigayo, dzemaitirwe Wokucheka nokukurumidza

Imwe nzira vasapedze zvinhu zviri azvikuya. Rinoshandiswa kuti kurapwa nesimbi uye asiri esimbi workpieces. The kushanda kwacho inotongwa nokuveza ezvinhu.

Musimboti kwacho

Azvikuya rinoitwa pakadzika roughing uye kupedzisa, achiumba pemvura imwe Profile (cheap car insurance, grooves) achicheka meno ari toothed mavhiri, kuumba kugadzirisa, vytachivaniya unyanzvi mazano uye lettering.

Kushanda turusi - Kugaya aricheke - anoita huru muhombe inofamba. Chikamu chiri translational zvokudya workpiece hama kuti vadzore. Izvi ndizvo inoratidza. Its kupfuura chinokosha chinosiyanisa kubva atendeuka uye kuchera - kuti mumwe zino wakaparadzana. Nezvenyaya iyi, dzinoratidzwa nehana iye. Usanyanya was zvaangadaro tichitarisa ndaisagona tinyatsonzwisisa ezvinhu uye vakasarudzwa modes.

Basic vanodzidziswa kufamba michina

Zvichienderana sei chokurukisa urongwa uye hwakawanda kuti aricheke mairi, kubva mhando mabasa kunze uye pamusoro nzira management, kudoma marudzi chinoumba kufamba michina:

• chinjikira;
• mira;
• pasi rose;
• CNC azvikuya michina.

The inokosha vamapoka wehunyambiri azvikuya Machine:

1. Pamatanda, izvo dzimba nokupfuuridzirwa, iyo anoita vachishandisa kutenderera chokurukisa vakatasva vertically uye ivo vakatasva payo.
2. Table panhamba imwe kunyaradzana pamwe transverse Polozkov kuti kugadzirira uye anozunungusa workpiece uye inosimbisa bhokisi yokudzora yacho inosimbisa inofamba.

The chinjikira azvikuya muchina mudziyo inodavirwa yakatambarara. A yezvisikwa marudzi akasiyana siyana.

Pane inoshanda chinjikira zvokushandisa, izvo kunoratidzwa Kuwanikwa kushanda tafura uye nokudaro kuwedzera kuwanda zvichibvira basa rinoitwa. Uyezve, pane Shirokouniversalny ane ayo nemamiriro zvose chokurukisa uye achibvumira ose azvikuya.

CNC azvikuya michina vari kusiyaniswa-software nokudzorana kombiyuta. Vari aida unyanzvi mabatiro blanks, kusanganisira 3D-format.

kupatsanura pakati Zvigayo

Zvigayo - zano kuti okurwadzisa. chitarisiko Basic naro vari akayera kureba, ari dhayamita, kukura uye chamfer zatylovaniya, circumferential danho. Pane siyana navo hombe, anoparadzirwa maererano siyana zvinodiwa:

• rudzi hukawanika kuti kupatsanurwa (huni, mapurasitiki, simbi, nonferrous nesimbi, etc.);
• nenzira vachishandisa kutenderera kufamba - uye pravorezhuschih vake Left;
• zvichienderana akagadzira zvinhu - zvikukutu, brazed, shangu (vane kupinza mashizha) welded;
• chimiro: conical, cylindrical, dhisiki;
• zvichienderana anodawo zvinhu uye zvinodiwa nokuveza mugove, anogona kuitwa dzakasiyana nezvinhu. Idzi dzinosanganisira: kabhoni mudziyo uye kumhanya simbi (chiwanikwa vaine zviri tungsten) carbide (yakasimba - roughing, abrasion - okugadziridza). Zvakaparadzira embodiments, kana dzimba chakagadzirwa kabhoni simbi kana kumhanya simbi, uye mapanga - carbide muwedzero;
• zvichienderana chikumbiro: cylindrical, magumo, magumo, slitting, achicheka uye shaped.

Wekumusoro zvakwo zvinhu: mashoko ose nokuveza mucheto uye chinangwa.

Mhando Zvigayo kuti sandara hukawanika

Kuti kubvisa akaturikidzana mashoko pamusoro chinjikira, kutwasuka kana vachida ndege zvinoshandiswa cylindrical uye magumo zvigayo.

The mudziyo wokutanga mhando vave musimboti pamwe goko kana mapanga. Large chimwe-chidimbu azvikuya mokugezera zvakagadzirirwa roughing nezviduku - nokuti apedza. Chivhariso-mu rinopeta mapanga nokuveza musoro angadzorwa chakaitwa kumhanya simbi kana vakapakata mahwendefa rakaoma simbi. Carbide vematombo vane negoho kupfuura vaya vakaitwa yakapambadzirwa simbi chiwanikwa.

Vakaona inoshandiswa elongate ndege, mazino ayo anoparadzirwa pamusoro kuguma chiso. Large Kumbofungatira yaishandiswa guru ndege. Panzira, kubvisa Chips kubva zvakaoma ribude refractory nesimbi hazvo kuvapo carbide mapanga. Kushandisa mapoka aya azvikuya maturusi vanoda hombe upamhi uye kureba chigadzirwa.

Mhando zvekushandisa kuti unyanzvi azvikuya

Kuitira kupa mashoko imwe Profile, application muenzaniso inotungamirirwa nani yakamanikana Makomba anoshandiswa uye kuguma Disc azvikuya mokugezera.

Terminal kana azvikuya grooving kupararira nokuda kwokuparadza grooves, yakamanikana uye curved ndege. Vose - mumwe-chidimbu kana welded, nokuveza mugove kumhanya simbi chiwanikwa, unogona kuva tverdosplav iri fused, uye muviri chakagadzirwa kabhoni simbi. Pane malozahodnye (1-3 zononoka) uye vakawanda (4 kana kupfuura). Kushandiswa cnc machine Ezvemutauro.

Dhisiki - zviri grooving vematombo. Hazvina kushanda kuti grooving, grooves, achicheka kwemeno pamusoro rachulis.

Art azvikuya rinoitwa pamusoro pehuni, simbi, PVC.

Mhando vematombo kuti reuna

Kubvisa swarf kubva kumakona, achivapa ndaisagona chimiro, Modelling, kuparadzana pamusoro workpiece zvikamu zvinogona chinozoiswa vachishandisa slotted, chisina kutsetseka uye shaped azvikuya mokugezera:

1. Cut Slotted uye ane basa rakafanana kwakaita dhisiki, asi vari kakawanda kushandiswa maronda uye anopatsanura migove zvisingakoshi mashoko.
2. Angle zvinodiwa kumicheto uye makona zvikamu. Pane chimwe angled (chete nokuveza mugove) uye dvuhuglovye (nokuveza zvose conical hukawanika).
3. Zvakaumba kushandiswa dzakaoma mazano. Zvingava semicircular kana concave. Anowanzoshandisirwa achiveura Profile of taps, reamers, monyorora drills.

Chinenge mhando dzose zvichibvira yose simbi kuvaka kana asingapeteki akazotsiviwa nemapepa aipeteka, pamwe pamberi muwedzero carbide mapanga. Carbide vematombo dzine unhu uye chokupika kureba kwayo nokuti chishandiso yose.

The kupatsanura pakati mhando azvikuya

Kune classifications akawanda, izvo vamwe mhando azvikuya:

• Chokurukisa urongwa maererano nzira uye azvikuya ukuwo, ari chinjikira uye tote;
• pokutungamirira kufamba, ari pakaunda uye panguva imwe chete;
• zvichienderana chishandiso kusvika humburumbira, zvemaziso, chakuvhuvhu, inouraya.

The cylindrical kugadzira kushandiswawo chinjikira ndege achishandisa dzazvinogara vematombo pamusoro chinjikira michina.

Face azvikuya anogona kunzi nokudenga. Zviri kushandiswawo mhando dzose chinjikira, kutwasuka uye vachida ndege.

Mugumo okugadziridza chendangariro paumbwe aida Profile of Cam paburi, drills uye namano.

Zvakaumba kugadzira rinoitwa kuti hukawanika kunzwisisa configuration: makona, micheto, grooves, achicheka mazino kuti rachulis.

Pasinei mhando basa kuitwa uye kupatsanurwa zvokuvakisa, mugumisiro anofanira kuva mukuru kumeso kuripo kupedzisa layer kusavapo chipping, zvakarurama okugadziridza. Kuti vawane yakachena kupera kunokosha kudzora pomugove chitsama workpiece hama kuti mudziyo.

Counter uye kwira azvikuya

Kana kaunda simbi yakadai azvikuya - kunyorwa uchaguta kurutivi kamwene rotational kufamba. Panyaya iyi, mazino zvishoma nezvishoma racherwa simbi kubatwa, mutoro ichiwedzerwa maererano uye noruvara. Zvisinei, usati vanoshamba mukati chikamu zino, kwechinguva iye nemasiraidhi, pova nokuomesa. Fani iyi Inowedzera kufamba mbudo kubva oparesheni wehurumende. Kushandiswa roughing.

Apo akabatanidza mhando - workpiece uchaguta achitevedza chishandiso rotational kufamba. Mazino kushanda pasi guru kuvhunduka mitoro. Power pa 10% kuvatumwa panguva pakatarisana azvikuya. It abudisa kana apedza mashoko.

The chikuru Pfungwa azvikuya kuvhiyiwa musi CNC machine

Vari dzinoratidzwa yakakwirira mwero kushandisa michina, zvakarurama achishanda chichiitwa, mukuru yauinayo. Azvikuya pamwe NC lathe rinoitwa kazhinji achishandisa kuguma kana kuguma zvigayo.

Last - the kushandiswa yainyanya. Nokudaro, zvichienderana kupatsanurwa zvinhu, achiumba runoenzanirana mhando pelimerkkejä yakanatsa Software parameters anoshandisa endmills siyana. Ivo dzinoiswa maererano nokuwanda vakanyoresa spirals izvo nechokwadi Kuwanikwa rokutema unopinza uye kanavny Chip kubviswa.

Zvinhu pamwe navanopinda Chips rayirika milled pamwe zvishandiso nhamba duku vakanyoresa. For hwakasimba simbi Shavings ane maitiro kink azvikuya mudziyo anofanira kusarudzwa kubva vakawanda spirals.

Kushandiswa azvikuya vematombo nokuda CNC machine

Malozahodnye vematombo nokuti CNC anogona kuva rimwe kusvika kumatatu achicheka micheto. Ivo zvinoshandiswa huni, mapurasitiki, chinoumbwa uye munyoro ductile simbi kuti zvinoda nokukurumidza kubviswa navanopinda Chips. Ivo inoshandiswa roughing blanks, izvo zvisina kuisa dzakakwirira wandei. Nokuti chokushandisa ichi haraktrena kugona duku, pasi kuomarara.

Kushandisa unyanzvi-filar vakatakura alumina azvikuya.

Zvikuru kushandiswa muri va- uye trehzahodnye chirwere. Anopa yepamusoro kuomarara tsika, kuti Qualitative kubviswa machipisi inobvumira kushanda nesimbi kuti svikiro zvakaoma (semuenzaniso, pamwe simbi).

Multiple-vematombo nokuti CNC vanopfuura 4 achicheka kumicheto. Kushandiswa simbi svikiro uye yakakwirira zvakaoma, izvo kubudikidza Shavings akanaka uye yakakwirira nemishonga inozivikanwa. Ivo kwakunoitwa wandei chaitwa, ivo akakodzera kuti vasapedze uye Semi-okugadziridza uye hazvina kuitirwa kuti kushanda pamwe nyoro zvinhu.

Kuti kusarudza zvakarurama zvishandiso kuti CNC michina Zvakakosha funga kutema muoti pakugaya, uyewo zvose zvinoitwa pasi workpiece.

nokuveza Conditions

Kuti vave nechokwadi zvakarurama unhu milled rukoko kuchikosha zvakanaka kutsanangura uye kuramba zvinodiwa rwokugadzira parameters. Huru zviratidzo, anotsanangura uye anoita azvikuya muitiro, muri modes kushanda.

Kukarukureta rokutema ezvinhu kana azvikuya rinoitwa pamwe huru zvinhu:

1. Udzamu (t, mm) - ukobvu of esimbi bhora chinobviswa mune kamwe chete. It anosarudzwa kufungisisa ngaabvumire kugadzira. Rough kuvhiyiwa anoitwa mune imwe zvichipfuura. Kana mvumo mukuru 5 neMM, kufamba rinoitwa munyika dzakawanda pemipata, sezvamakaropafadzwa wokupedzisira siya anenge 1 mm.
2. The yakafara (B, mm) - upamhi kurapwa pamusoro mugwara perpendicular kuna dzichifura sangano.
3. Kuzviisa (S) - Kureba workpiece hama kuti mudziyo akabatana.

Ziva anoverengeka zvinodyidzana pfungwa:

• Chikafu pa zino (S _z, mm / zino) - repositioning zvikamu kana kutenderera aricheke ari kure nezino rimwe kuenda nokushanda.
• Chikafu pa chimurenga (S _pamusoro, mm / Zvak) - maumbirwo uchifamba pane imwe chimurenga kuti azvikuya kamwene zvakakwana.
• Feed paminiti (S _Maminitsi, mm / Nha) - zvakakosha panguva azvikuya okurwadzisa muoti.

ukama vavo vanosimbiswa matematematicheski:

S = S _{Maminitsi kuti * n = S z * z *} N,

apo z - nhamba mazino;

N - chokurukisa kutenderera kakawanda, Maminitsi ^-1.

Muna chikafu mwero iri nemarererwo mumuviri kwesayenzi zvivako zviri kubatwa nzvimbo, chishandiso simba uye kuita zviri feeder.

Kukarukureta Wokucheka nokukurumidza

Sezvo aizviti parameter dzaona paakatora dhigirii chokurukisa nokukurumidza turnover. Actual Kasira V, m / Maminitsi zvichienderana dhayamita ari aricheke uye kakawanda kwayo kutenderera mapato:

V = (π * D * n) / 1000

azvikuya chishandiso rotational nokukurumidza vagara vandifungira:

n = (1000 * V) / (π * D)

Kuva ruzivo pamusoro miniti inosimbisa, unogona kuona kuti nguva inodiwa kuti gadziriro c urefu L:

T ₀ = L / S _Maminitsi

Kukarukureta rokutema ezvinhu panguva azvikuya dzavo kugadzwa zvomene muviri muchina pamberi kuchinja. Kutanga zvakaringana parameters kunotsanangurwa, kufungisisa zvechadenga chishandiso uye workpiece zvinhu, inopa kumusoro yauinayo.

Tips nokuti Pakusarudza modes

Hazvibviri kusarudza yakanaka kucheka ezvinhu pakugaya, asi izvozvo zvinogona kutungamirirwa dzinokosha:

1. Desirably, kuti aricheke dhayamita unoenderana kudzama kugadzira. Izvi achagovera chimwe vanopfuura kuchenesa pemvura. Pano mukuru chinhu - mashoko. Nokuti isuwo nyoro, nheyo iyi hakushandi - pane ngozi akachekwa, mukobvu kupfuura zvakafanira.
2. Shock uye vibration pezvakaitwa hakudzivisiki. Panyaya iyi, kuwedzera inosimbisa mwero tsika kunotungamirira kutapudzwa. Optimally kutange chikafu chete zino 0,15 mm / zino, uye muitiro - waidzora.
3. The kakawanda vachishandisa kutenderera chishandiso hakufaniri zvinobvira. Zvikasadaro pane mukana mukuderedza nokuveza nokukurumidza. It kungawedzera pamwe zvibereko zveminda aricheke dhayamita.
4. Kuwedzera kureba kushanda chikamu azvikuya wemiti, sarudzo huru nhamba mazino ipfupi negoho uye kugadzira unhu.
5. Inotorwa tsika velocities kuti Kwakashandiswa micheka:

• aruminiyamu - 200-400 m / Maminitsi;
• Bronze - 90-150 m / Maminitsi;
• Stainless simbi - 50-100 m / Maminitsi;
• Mapurasitiki - 100-200 m / min.

Zviri nani kutanga avhareji nokukurumidza, uye muitiro kuchinjira riri diki kana hombe divi.

kutema rudzi kana hwokutiparadza Zvakakosha kuziva kwete chete mathematically kana tichishandisa chaiwo pamatafura. To nemazvo sarudza uye dzishandise Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri zviruva kuti muchina uye zvaida zvishandiso zvakakodzera kushandisa zvimwe zvinhu uye pauzima.