Nekuongororwa Non-dzinoparadza pamusoro welded majoini: midziyo, GOST

Welding inowanzoshandiswa mumabasa yokugadza, kana uchida nechokwadi yakakwirira mwero rakavimbika kubatana. Muzviitiko zvizhinji, zviri chafariz akakonzera kubatana kwe hapana nzira, asi kune vakawanda zvakasiyana unyanzvi waro mabasa, tisingatauri kushanda ezvinhu vari. Saka, nzira dzakasiyana uye kuedza kunaka musono. Nyanzvi vanoshandisa non-rokuparadza kuidzwa welded mapfundo, vachibvumira kuchengeta nemamiriro acho ari pamwe nzvimbo uye chokupika zvinonyatsorehwa zvakagadzirwa.

Pamutemo mitemo (GOST)

The Implementation vasiri rinoparadza yokuedzwa nzira kunze maererano rwokugadzira mirayiro. Kunyanya nomoto chine chikamu GOST pasi nhamba 3242-79. Tungamirirwa nemitemo muchikamu ichi, tenzi anogona kushandisa imwe nzira zvichiongororwa. Standards tsanangura kwete chete chokupika bvunzo zvokushandisa, asiwo midziyo. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, uye akabvumira yakatsauka kubva zvinodiwa, izvo zvinosanganisira GOST. nekuongororwa Non-dzinoparadza pakati welded majoini iyi chinotarisa nzira kuti yakamboita vimbiso, izvo yakarumbidza kuti mashandiro ari kuonekwa urema pachinhu nesimbi yakananga uye alloys. Zvisinei, mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro rinofanira kubva zvinodiwa vaeni asi mune chimwe chikamu - 19521-74.

Chii zvikanganiso aonekwa?

Kune mapoka inoverengeka urema kuti anobatsira kuona non-kunoparadza rokuongorora michina. At kumboenda pamwero padzakacherechedza pamusoro musono zvikanganiso. zvarakasiya kwakadaro kubva ndozvakajairwa inogona wakaiswa kuongororwa zvokunze kunyange apo, kunyange pasina kushandisa chinokosha michina. Somuenzaniso, imwe kwokunze non-rokuparadza kuidzwa welds zvinobatsira kugadzirisa discontinuity munyika dzine akatarisa pemvura. Dzomunyika zvikanganiso haagoni kuonekwa pasina yakakodzera rwokugadzira nzira. It inorondedzera weld chimiro, ayo kuita uye rakavimbika.

Haisi mhosva pacharo pamusoro unsuitability pakati magadzirirwo kana chigadzirwa kuti akazotevera kushandiswa zvimwe zvinangwa nguva dzose. Zvakare, maererano nokurondedzerwa, iyo weld zvinogona dzinonetsa uye vasingakoshi Kutsauka. kuzvidzora basa sezvo nguva iri kuziva kutsoropodza kuremara, izvo kunorondedzerwa se kukodzera zvinodiwa Operating zvinhu.

Equipment nokuti acoustic kudzora nzira

Nzira iyi kuongorora kuvapo STRUCTURAL zvikanganiso zviri welds ndeimwe yenzvimbo yemazuva ano akura, yakarurama uye akarongeka. Tichienzanisa nedzimwe nzira ano dzokudzora, iye rinopawo pakawanda chikumbiro. Rinogona kushandiswa mumba uye panze pasina simba zvitengeswa. The ongororo kusashanda ultrasonic pachiri detector, zvinosanganisira dzichipfekeka modules anoverengeka. Kunyanya, asiri kuparadza kuidzwa welded majoini ndiko kushandisa piezoelectric transducers, ane Hardware zvinoumba kuti vagamuchire uye yokupararira ultrasonic nemafungu. The mudziyo zvinowanisa pulses pamusoro ultrasonic oscillations, uye anogamuchira kunooneka anonongedzera kuti akapa opareta ari nyore fomu kuti ongororo. Kudzidza amplitude ari chiratidzo, inodzidzisa midziyo kunotema ari parameters urema.

Equipment nokuti nemwaranzi zvichiongororwa

nzira iyi inonzi nemwaranzi chinanga kuziva miedzo welded mapfundo. Nheyo pakudzidza inobva nerubatsiro ionizing mwaranzi. Munguva ndima mwaranzi kuburikidza musono zvinoderedza zvikuru avo, zvichienderana pakukora uye arambe achirema mashoko. The kuchinja achine prices dzinoita opareta kuona pamberi discontinuities mu pakukora papi. Patinoita kuvhiyiwa ichi, shandisa zvakasiyana siyana X-ray zvinyorwa. The inonyanya midziyo vasiri rokuparadza kuidzwa welded Hudyu ichi mhando muchimiro Erekitironi accelerators uye gammadefektoskopov. Kugona chokubatanidza umboo vezvikwata pamwe radioisotope nemwaranzi. Vagadziri Russian kuti X-ray michina kuongorora welds kubereka midziyo kuti akwanise kudzora zvakawanda photon mwaranzi simba Paavhareji kubva 15 keV kusvikira BSN 30.

Zvokushandisa chafariz kudzora

Kunyatsoongorora weld chinoita chafariz kushanda pakuvheneka kunoita kushanda zvakawanda alloys zvaishandiswa bhizimisi uye pakuvaka indasitiri. Achitaura detectable kuremara, asi chafariz pachisara rinozivisa in, makatsemuka, kushaya Fusion migove, inclusions vavatorwa zvakafanana. D. Pakarepo muchidziisa zvikamu uye anoita yokunyoresa fungidzira radiometer. mudziyo ichi, izvo zvokurimisa asiri rinoparadza kuidzwa welds nesimbi hurongwa pamusoro munharaunda yose. Munguva pachisara ari opareta macheki uye undeformed chikuru marongerwo uye panosangana. Nokuenzanisa pristine munzvimbo uye mapfundo kutsunga rakavimbika kuvakwa. Nhasi, kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana nzira iyi. Kunyanya, nzira kunobatanidza kuongorora vibroteplovizionny nokufamba mu simba chinja chinhu.

Equipment nokuti yemagetsi kudzora

Paumbwe yemagetsi munda akapoteredza bvunzo chinhu inokupai kuona maitiro pamasikiro womukati mamiriro panguva kubatana pfungwa. Kushandisa nzira iyi inoshandiswa elektroemkostnye converters kuti siyana. Somuenzaniso, panhongonya hurongwa vari vakaumba yakakwirira heterogeneity pamusoro electrostatic munda. Nyaya iyi inobatsira kuti opareta anonyora nokufamba necheseri mukuru nehanya kushandisa neizvi kupomba pamusoro acho. Electric nondestructive yepamusoro kudzora welded majoini pezvivako linearly Matangiro Aungaita kunosanganisira nekufambisa transducers. Zvombo zvakadaro iri kunyanya kushandiswa kuongorora kunaka welds akaumba pamusoro waya, simbi rinoparadza, matanda uye zvichingodaro. G., Zvichienderana ano romugove electrodes vari zvirongwa zvakasiyana angashandiswa.

Mano kutonga rirambe richibvira

Izvi dungwerungwe paupamhi nzira kuti kutungamirirwa kuonekwa uye kutsunga dzomunyika urema parameters. Somunhu vanoshanda midziyo yaishandiswa penetrant kuongorora. Ivo kunyora zvechadenga chete in, avo mamiriro, nhungamiro, kudzika uye spatial nzvimbo. Zvisinei, basa ravo hazvibviri pasina kushandisa penetrants. Iyi mvura kana flowable zvinhu izvo, kana chakaunzwa pamusoro musono zvinobvira wayo kupararira pamusoro pezviri in. Rirambe richibvira nzira dzisiri rinoparadza kuidzwa welds dzinosanganisira kushandiswa akasiyana zvechadenga penetrant. Zviri Developers kuti anopa mashoko nemamiriro mukomboni penetrant yokuedzwa mhando. Pane zvinhu kuti kusashanda apo ultrasonic, rinobva, ruvara, uye dzimwe pulses. Vamwe yeimwe vane raidudzwa reactivity, saka pakarepo mushure Panodiwa kubata anonzi majoini absorbers. Ivo kubvisa akaipa kwechirwere rirambe richibvira penetrant pamusoro mashoko ari chinhu, izvo zvinoita kuti tikwanise kupona nzira ichi vasiri destructively.

Achigarira maoko kuonekwa ari musono sezvo nzira dzokudzora

nzira iyi kunonyanya chokuita misimboti rapfuura kuzvidzora michina, asi ine zvimwe Misiyano. Kana rirambe richibvira nzira rinonyatsotarira chaiwo tsanangudzo yomunyika in parameters, kuti buri vasabatwa musimboti ndehwokuti kuwana migove panguva iyo chisimbiso wakaputsika. Panyaya iyi, chakanamwa nomoto musono inogona kuongororwa kwete chete nokushandisa emura zvinhu, asi kuburikidza mhepo uye gasi nezvakasanganiswa. Kazhinji nzira iri kushandiswa pamberi rirambe richibvira unyanzvi, nekuti kuti pachahwo vhinza vasabatwa anoona kutyora tightness vari kubatana site asi haripi mashoko pamusoro zvechadenga kuremara.

How kusarudza Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kudzora nzira?

Nyanzvi vanosemburwa kubva mabasa kuti inofanira kuitwa kudzorwa. Somuenzaniso, kana ari pose vaongo-, zvinokwanisika kutarisira akati vhinza vasabatwa michina kana chinhu ruzivo kutarisana kuongorora. Nokuti kwakadzama uye neyakarurama pachisara rinoshandiswa, ultrasonic, magetsi, uye X-ray michina. Next, funga kuti munhu anyanye isiri rokuparadza kuidzwa welded mapfundo anogona kubudirira kana rakatangwa muna kuchiitirwa chechinyorwa. Saka ultrasonic nzira inogona kushandiswa chero mumamiriro ezvinhu, asi zviri anodhura. More inokwanisika nzira kushanda pakuvheneka dzemagetsi urema, asi rinogona kushandiswa chete pamberi mudanga kuitika kunobva.

mhedziso

Kuzvidzora majoini simbi zvivako kwokubatana zvinokosha kushanda rokuongorora rakavimbika. Kunopiwa yakanaka pakuongororwa unogona kushandisa chigadzirwa chinangwa kana kugadzirwa chahwo. Uyezve, vakanga vasiri inoparadza kuidzwa welded mapfundo anogona kupa ruzivo pamusoro vakavhiyiwa zvivako akare. Nokufamba kwenguva, kunyange yepamusoro vazvo inozviisa kupfeka, saka muedzo vanofanira kuitwa nguva dzose. Mushure iye uye migumisiro kuongorora kupiwa pfungwa pamusoro hwokugadzira mamiriro chacho. Pahwaro gwaro iri, iro injiniya aitarisira kuti tisarudze kana kubvisa kuremara kana kubvuma chinhu kushandiswa.