Car tappet: nheyo kushanda uye mudziyo

zvikamu izvi vanobatanidzwa magadzirirwo mumotokari vachangobva. Munguva 60s vakatanga kushongedzera zvimwe yokutevedzera motokari. Chimiro uye kushanda nhungamiro hydraulic dzinonakidza vatyairi vazhinji, saka unofanira kutaura nezvazvo.

Chii ari kuzviitirei?

Kana injini iri muchikuvadza kumusoro, zvose zvayo mamiriro ari neshungu kuti zvakakwana yakakwirira tembiricha. Mumwe wefizikisi chikoro Chokwadi tose tinoziva kuti vawedzere kana neshungu muviri. Kuti tidzivise breakage, nokufuka midzi nomumwe wemigove, chete pane chinokosha chafariz maburi injini. Kana injini iri kudziyirwa kumusoro, vari woga nokuda kuwedzera kukura mamwe mashoko. Asi sezvo zvinoriumba kusakara hukuru dzavo kana neshungu havagoni Sechipanji chafariz pakakoromoka. Izvi hazvina yakanakisisa nzira kunokanganisa simba uye zvimwe zvinhu zvechadenga powertrain.

Sei tappet mumotokari

Thermal gwanza riri nemotokari mashandiro ari vharuvhu zvakunoita zvikuru kunaka basa, uye zvavo pamusoro injini unongotaura. Kukonzerwa kusakara zvikamu zviri dzichichinja daro riri mavharuvhu. Pakutanga munhau dzomunyika injini, Makwanza aya kugadziridzwa pachishandiswa akangofananawo chipanera. Izvi zvaida nguva dzose, izvo yekudyidzana kunowedzera kunzwisisa uye mari nzira.

Naizvozvo, mainjiniya kuita upenyu nyore vatyairi, yakatanga tappet. Nheyo kushanda zviri kupinza nemaburi kushanda zvikamu camshaft uye pakati Rockers, rocker maoko, mavharuvhu namazariro. Saka, muripo uyu haafaniri kuvimba tembiricha kana ukuru kusakara nhengo uye pamagungano.

mhando kupopotera

Gadza zvinoriumba izvi zvinogona kuva pamusoro chero mhando nguva zvigadziriswe. Zvichienderana worudzii nguva design, pane zvina marudzi inokosha hydraulic lifters. It Pushers, gidroopory nokuti levers kana rocker maoko, uyewo chinotenderera tappets.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti magadzirirwe michina yakasiyana, zviito ichocho. Vose vari yakagadzirirwa nekure nemaburi vharuvhu lifters uye camshafts.

Somuenzaniso, nheyo yacho kupopotera pamusoro "Chevrolet niva" ndiko kuti panzvimbo zvetsika pamutemo clearances ari humburumbira mumusoro nekiyi zvino kushandiswa plunger edunhu. majoko izvi zviri lubrication hurongwa anopinda hydraulic kushanda Urume. Izvi zvinokonzera kuti mhikuriso dzose nguva waitsimbirira Cam camshaft. With kwakadaro mano hapana chikonzero kugadzirisa clearances.

Kubva munhoroondo mashandiro ichi

Zvinozivikanwa kuti vakawanda motokari yokutanga iyo vakapakata izvi anokwana zviyero diki, ndiye "cadillac 452". Izvi ikaunganidzwa muna 1930. Sezvo simba chikwata aishandisa V16. Nokuti zvimunakire nazvo uye kugadziriswa motokari vachiri nei tappet, nheyo kwayo yagadzirwa zvikuru gare gare. Saka, pane ruzivo kuti zvinobatsira zvigadziriswe izvi vakauya 80s, kana musika rizere mota Japanese.

Sei tappet

Pakati zvikuru zvikamu mashandiro anogona kusiyaniswa muviri plunger peya, tsime uye cheki vharafu. Sezvo dzimba (a pekugara angava akasiyana zvichienderana pamasikiro actuator) kungava cylindrical tappets, rocker ruoko, kana chikamu humburumbira musoro.

Nheyo kushanda hydraulic motokari yakavakirwa pamusoro pombi maatomu akafanana. Iyewo, rine ruoko, iyo rinobvumira plunger kuenda mune imwe negwara. Uyewo mune pamasikiro plunger vangazivikanwa. Zviri simbi humburumbira iyo nechepasi aine buri. It chinobatanidza Huro mhango mukati akazara uye pasi.

Vamwe Mazano uko odnoplechny mhikuriso plungers zvinopa hapana zvinorwisana in. Plunger chitubu yaiva pakati plunger uye ruoko pacharo. Kudzoka vharafu rinoshandiswa imwe simbi bhora ane chitubu.

Nheyo kushanda hydraulic mavharuvhu

Izvozvo. Panguva iyoyo, apo Cam ari camshaft hama kuti Hwokutengesa riri neizvi rutivizve, haana shure. Nepo injini ushamwari, pakati Cam muteveri uye pane mukaha. Spring kana simba rinoshandisirwa zvichaita vatange kuvaparadzanisa plunger kusvikira kure asingadi kunyangarika zvachose. Panguva iyo mafuta kubva lubrication gadziriro mumotokari ichipfuura tsime vakaremerwa vharafu bhora nomuimba mhango pakati compensator.

On kutenderera ari camshaft Cam runonditsikirira pamusoro muviri Hwokutengesa. Saka, munhu pressurized pokugara kunoita pasi, nokuvhara mafuta ndima. Bhora vharuvhu akavharwa panguva ino, uye hydraulic mvura kumanikidzwa pasi plunger inowedzerawo. Sezvo hazvibviri dzvinya fluid chiutsi anoshanda panheyo yacho yakaoma rutsigiro uye Cam simba iri chakasvitswa vharuvhu hunde. Zviya, nheyo iyi "Priory" kupopotera zvimwe inoratidza zvikuru.

Kunyange zvazvo pakakoromoka kuti chiri pombi chinhu chete microns 0,8, mafuta ichiri duku shoma anoenda kuburikidza kwacho mukamuri pakati plunger uye ruoko. Saka plunger vazodzikisa zvishoma. Dimensions drawdown kungaenderana nhamba nokumukirana yacho crankshaft. By kuwedzera RPM zvinoderedza ari hydraulic mvura idonhe kubva plunger.

Pakakoromoka (munguva apo Cam muteveri anosiya cam-) iri ndanyarara hangu nokuda kudzoka yechirimo simba uye mafuta kufurirwa. Pfungwa iyi kushanda hydraulic motokari kuti dzisakuvadza hapana imwe spacing pakati zvinhu. Zvinokwanisika kusvika nokuda dzakaoma Links pakati nodes negasi-kugovera mashandiro. Kana injini rinopisa kumusoro, pamusoro compensator hurongwa hukuru vari kuchinja, asi kuchinja aya ndanyarara hangu anenge pakarepo.

Zvakanakira nekuipira

Kushandisa nzira idzi akwanise vatyairi kudzivisa kuchinja nzira vharafu Clearance manually. Mukuwedzera, injini basa akava manyoro. Sezvineiwo akaderedza kuvhunduka mitoro, vachibvumira kuwedzera upenyu zvikamu uye kuderedza nguva ruzha migumisiro kana kunoshandisa chikwata. Kupopotera, nheyo paro akabvumira nguva yakawanda kuchengeta chaiwo gasi kuparadzirwa maitikiro. Izvi zvakakanganisa yakanakisisa Kuchengetedzwa simba zviyero, simba, simba uye huni rinodyiwa.

Pakati zvazvakashatira yoga chenhando uye kutanga ruzha kuchitonhora injini. In wokutanga mumasekonzi shoma kumanikidzwa mafuta harisati kusvika kutsvakwa sandara, saka compensators ingava akagogodza. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyange motokari dzekunze, nekuti nheyo nokushanda kupopotera "Great Wall" hakusi akasiyana zvikuru kubva mumhuri zviitiko.

Zvikonzero mbudo zvikamu hurongwa

Pasinei nyore design, zviyero izvi zvakare kupera. Kazhinji, zvikuru nevanhu chikonzero - chinhu tsvina injini lubricating channel. Kana chakakomba kusakara ari kushanda zvikamu vharuvhu backstop. Kusvibiswa anogona kuitika somugumisiro mafuta zvakaipa, yokutsiva kuitwa panguva isiri nguva, kana Kuparara mafuta firita.

Kana pakakoromoka ichiwedzerwa kumhara plunger gungano, muitiro mafuta leakage dziwande. Kuomarara yakarasika, iyo inoshanda tappet, ayo vanoshanda nheyo ndechokuti mafuta kufurirwa vanotongofanira kuva varipo. Ndizvowo zvinoitika kana kuvanzwira tsitsi kumbopfeka-kudzoka vharafu kwokudzvinyirira yomukati.

Inside the tappet inofanira kuzadzwa hydraulic mvura mvura lubrication. Kana paine mhepo iri mhango, pakakoromorwa zvisina ndanyarara hangu zvachose, kana zvose hakuzovipo. Muchiitiko chino, unogona kubatsira kugadzira kupopotera. Uyewo, kugadzira kungadiwa kana chinhu iri rakabayirwa mashandiro akaisa ungwandangwanda.

How kudzivisa nayo?

Zvakakodzera vakachena mukati injini. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti nguva dzose kutsiva uye girisi filters munguva ndakarumbidzwa ari mugadziri. Zvinofanira kushambidzwa aigara pamberi injini noukama kutsiviwa. Unofanira kuziva kuti Makwanza duku gizhrkompensatore zvinoda kushandisa kwazvo yepamusoro anonhuwirira. Zvinokwanisika kushandisa chakaita zvokugadzirwa kana Semi-chakaita zvokugadzirwa mafuta svikiro viscosity.

Diagnostics uye yokugadzirisa hydraulic

Rokuongorora akaputsika chinhu kunogona noruzhinji akagogodza. Ipapo kufungira mashandiro dzokubvisa uye nemaziso iongororwe nokuda kusakara uye kukuvadza. Kana chinhu inetsvina, Zvinokurudzirwa rokushambidziramo acetone.

Zvinhu kushanda zvakanaka, pane chinokosha chirungiso nokuda kupopotera. Zvinoreva anobvumira kubvisa zvinokonzera ruzha panguva nokushanda mashandiro, uye zvinobudirira inochenesa chinhu ichi.