Bunin, "Grammar of Love": chidimbu, kuongorora

Ivan Ivanovich Bunin, munyori mukuru weRussia, ane nhau inoshamisa "The Grammar of Love" (muchidimbu muchidimbu chinotevera). Yakanyorwa muna 1915, nguva refu kusati kwaonekwa shanduro yakakurumbira "Dark alleys", ndiye aiva danho rokutanga remunyori kune musoro wekare wekuti "Rudo". Asi, sezvavanotaura, matanho acho akasiyana-anonyara, anonyara kana asingagutsiki, asingagoni kutaurirwa nezvebasa iri: rakadzika kwazvo, vane tarenda, iro rinonzi rakararama, iwe unonzwa, rinonzwa richipinda mukati memvura yakadzika yemweya ...

I.A. Bunin, nyaya "Grammar of Love": muchidimbu muchidimbu

Kutanga kwaJune. Mumwe munhu Ivlev anotora nguva iyo mukwambo wezvokudya, anotora mabhiza matatu uye anoenda kumativi akare enyika yake. Mamiriro okunze anodziya, kutonhora. Minda inogara isingagumi nemirau yakajeka nemarara. Nenguva isipi, makore mashoma akatungamira akabatana, uye mvura yakanaka yakavhunduka. Takasarudza kuti tisakurumidza uye kumirira kunze mamiriro okunze akaipa muimba yekuverenga. Iyo yekupedzisira yakanga isiri muimba, saka Ivlev akasangana nemukurumbira wechidiki, akapfekedzwa muhomwe yakakura yakawanda, ane maoko akazaruka uye mazamu akapfumisa.

Paaiva nediki gumi nevasere, mutyairi wekambani, akanga agere akasimbe mumvura inonaya pamusoro pemotokari ye tarantass, uye mabhiza akanga achizorora mukati medivi yakasviba, Ivlev aive muimba yekunakidza yakaita rima kubva pamvura, achiitisa hurukuro yakatarwa nemudzimai weimba uye achimirira tei. Muverengi akafuridzira, akaseka uye akadzikisa bvudzi rake. Chero chii chaiva, haazogoni kupedzisa nemusoro we rudo. Vakarangarirawo avo vaigara vachiziva, muvakidzani wepedyo, muridzi weimba Khvoshchinsky, uyo aizivikanwa kure nemiganhu yenyika nekuda kwekuda kwake kwechisimba kumurandakadzi Lushka.

Rudo Runoshamisa Inyaya

Iyi nyaya yakwegura. Landowner Khvoshchinsky aida zvikuru murandakadzi wake Lushka, uyo achangobva kuzivana naye, paakanga achiri muduku, asingatarisiri akafa. Kubvira panguva iyo, "izvi zvakasimbiswa" zvakavharwa pfuma yake, haana kuenda chero kupi uye haana kutendera munhu mukati, uye kwemakore ake ose, makore anopfuura makumi maviri aingova oga muimba yake uye akagara mumatidzi pamubhedha wake, achiita " ". Chero chii chakaitika kumativi ose, mumusha kana munyika - zvinhu zvose zvaifungidzirwa nehuwandu hwechikwata. Somuenzaniso, mamiriro okunze akaipa - iyi Lushka inotuma kutinhira, hondo munyika yacho iri pane zvaakarayira, kukohwa kwezvirimwa - varimi havana kufadza Lushka.

Ivlev aiziva nyaya iyi kubva paudiki, achiyemura manzwiro akadzika akadaro uye kunyange akanga ari murudo mudiki neLushka chaiye. Izwi rokuti Khvoshchinsky akafa munguva yechando iyi yakakonzerwa neIvlev yekare yezvirangariro, manzwiro ekare nemibvunzo: mweya wakangwara kana wakanyanyisa, wakachena wezvinhu zvisingawaniki? Ari munzira kuenda kumusha, akasarudza kushanyira nzvimbo dzakasara dzeKhvoshchinsky uye kuona hugaro hweShoko rakavanzika Lushka, uye zvichida iye anonzwa uye anzwisise zvose zviripo ...

Khvoshchinsky Manor

I.A. Bunin uye nhau yake "Grammar Rudo," muchidimbu muchidimbu chazvino chiri pamberi pako - zvinongoratidzirwa zvirevo zvebasa rebasa guru. Saka, kuitira kuti unzwisise nekudzika kwenhoroondo yakatsanangurwa, unofanirwa kuverenga yakatanga.

Pamberi peIvlev yakazarura mamiriro matsva: rwizi ruduku, zvakare, pane gomo duku, raigona kuonekwa nemitsetse yehusi, uye pakati pavo - yekare silvery poplars. Heino imba yakakurumbira, yakakura kwazvo uye, sezviri pachena, kamwechete yakasviba ... Pavharanda rakamira jaya. Akacherechedza pazvinoitika zvinotyisa zvisingashamisi. Zvinoratidzika kuti uyu ndiye mwanakomana weLushka anozivikanwa. Ivlev akakurumidza kutsanangura kuuya kwake nechido chekutenga mabhuku kubva muraibhurari yevakafa.

Akatungamirirwa pamusoro peimba, kutonhora uye asina chinhu, uye akatungamirirwa kumusuo wakadzika. Murume wechidiki akatora kiyi guru kubva muhomwe yake, akaiisa muhombodo inopisa, uye pamberi pavo suo rakazarurirwa mune kamuri duku rine mahwindo maviri. Kune rumwe rutivi rwakamira bhedha risina chinhu, uye kune rimwe - makaki maviri ane mabhuku. Iyi "mabhuku" yakange isingazivikanwi: "Bhuku idzva reRotest Book", "Reflections on Sacraments of the Universe", "The Morning Star uye Night Demons" ... Asi Ivlev akatarisa kune zvakasiyana-siyana. Paiva nekatekiti pairi uye bhuku duku chete rakange rakagara, rakafanana nemabhuku ekunyengetera. "Grammar Rudo," chidimbu chifupi (14 novellas) iyo inotanga muverengi kumanzwiro anoshamisa e rudo, haagumi ipapo.

Amazing Items

Achizarura iyo yekupedzisira, Ivlev akaona mushure mutsvuku. Kupfuura kare, akabatwa nekutya uye kushamisika kusinganzwisiswi. Hazvigoneki kufungidzira izvi zvisingabatsiri, mabharura mabhuruu akaderera pamutsipa weavo vaida kuti vafarire uye vadiwa ... Mushure menguva yakawanda yekuona nzvimbo, akanyatsodzorera bhokisi panzvimbo yayo yepakutanga ndokutora bhuku racho. Chakanga chiri chiduku, mumwe angati akashongedzwa zvakanakisisa, bhuku rekare rinoparadza - "Grammar yeRudo, kana The Art of Loving and Being Beloved"

Yakapatsanurwa muzvitsauko zvakawanda: nezvepfungwa, pamusoro pekunaka, pamusoro pemwoyo, pamusoro pekukakavadzana nekuyananisa ... Rimwe nerimwe raive nemazita akakurumbira , zvinyorwa uye nekucherechedza kunoshamisa kwevanhu vakakurumbira nezvehupenyu uye rudo. Vamwe vavo vakanga vakanyorwa neine inki, uye pakupedzisira, quatrain yaKhvoshchinsky pachake "yakaridza" papeji yakachena.

Hafu yeawa imwe gare gare Ivlev akati kune jaya racho. Pamabhuku ose aakasarudza chete chete - "Grammar of Love." Nhepfenyuro yenyaya iri muchikamu ichi inopera.

Rudo rwakasiyana rwakadaro

Sezviri pachena, nheyo yenyaya inove nyore, uye, zvichida, pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu kana pasi pepeni reumwe munyori, inogona kuve yakafanana "yezd joke". Muna I.A. Bunin, iyo inowana ruzha rwakasiyana - zvinoita here rudo rwakadaro, ndeyechokwadi, kana kuti ingori imwewo rudzi rwekunyengera, kupenga. Munyori haatauri mhinduro isina kufanira, nokuti hazvibviri kupinda mukati memunhu, kutarisa mumweya wake nekubata manzwiro ake uye zvakaitika. Mifananidzo yakawanda sei munyaya yacho, maonero akawanda. Mumwe haagoni kukanganisa mumwe wekusarura, uye mumwe kurumbidzwa nekuda kwekutadza. Zvisinei, pane mienzaniso yevarwi-yekupedzisira Khvoshchinsky, Ivlev, mudiki wechidiki uye kunyange mutyairi - makore masere gumi nemasere - munhu anogona kuona kushanduka kwakasiyana kwemweya wemunhu, uye pamwe nayo kunzwisisa kwakasiyana kwerudo, uye pamwe chete, kukwanisa kudanana zvechokwadi.

Saka, mutyairi, mwanakomana wemufumi ane ruzivo, akareruka, asi hupfumi, anonyengedza akanyora kuti Lushka yakanyudzwa, uye muridzi weimba aipenga zvachose "kwete kubva kwaari," asi kubva paurombo. Haaoni rudo chero rupi zvarwo munyaya iyi, se, zvechokwadi, pane imwe ipi. Uyu muverengi wechidiki, pane zvinopesana, akaita kuti hurukuro yose ide, panguva yekuseka nekururamisa vhudzi rake nguva dzose. Akatenda zvakasimba muhutsanana uye hune simba hweKvvichchinsky anoyevedza - aingoti "akanga asiri iye zvino vakaroorana."

Iyo pendulum yorudo ... Anogara achisimudzira kurudyi, uye kuruboshwe. Kusavapo kwechipo cherudo mujaya kune rumwe rutivi. Zvisinei, kusununguka kwependulum kubva panzvimbo yekuenzanirana kune imwe, rutivi rwakatarisana, harutauri nezvekudzika nekuvimbika kwemashoko kana kuvapo kwehuMwari hwepamusoro mumunhu. Hongu, muverengi wechidiki anotenda murudo, asi chii? Rudo runyaya rwaKhvoshchinsky naLushka - nokuda kwake ndiko, pane kudaro, chifukidzo chakanaka chechipiri chikadzi chechikadzi. Iwe unogona kurangarira, kubatwa, kuchema nekunyunyuta kuti zvino iwe haugone kuwana manzwiro akadaro, asi nekukurumidza kukanganwa uye kutakurirwa nezvimwe zvinhu, zvisati zviri zvishoma.

Equilibrium

Pamberi pedu nyaya yacho "Grammar of Love". Chidimbu, kuongorora basa reIA. Bunin haiperi ipapo. Tinoramba ...

Nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare pendulum inononoka uye ichimira. Inogara mune imwe nyika yekufananidza. Ichi ichokwadi rudo. Izvo zvaiva kwaari, mushure mekutsvaga kwakawanda, kusava nechokwadi uye zvisingafungirwe, uye Ivlev nekupedzisira Khvoshchinsky vakaswedera: "Kune chimwe chinhu, asi nezita ripi? Hazvina kurota kana vagrancy - pakati pavo ndeye, uye mumunhu vanopenga zvakagadziriswa nechikonzero ... "

Mumufananidzo wemurandakadzi Lushka munyaya inoti "Grammar Rudo" (nokuda kwechidimbu muchidimbu chezvitsauko, ona pamusoro apa), munyori aida kuratidzira rudo rwechokwadi chaihwo rwakapinda nokusingaperi muhupenyu hwaKhvoshchinsky naVivlev. Aive akadini? Zvakarehwa kuti "akanga asinganyatsogutsikana," asi kamwe kamwe akawira pasi pamusoro wemwene weimba, ipapo zvisingatarisirwi uye zvisingatarisirwi akafa, achiri muduku, mumakore emakore, uye zvose zvakaenda kuguruva ... Asi pasinei nokuti yaiva madota here? Kwete, uye zvakare zvakare kwete. Rudo urwu, kunyange rwusina kukwana uye rusingazivikanwi, "rwakanzwisisika mumararamiro aro," rwakashandura hupenyu hwemunhu mumwe mu "hupenyu" chaihwo, iyo inofanira kuva yakawanda kwazvo.

Saizvozvowo nebhuku remunyengetero ibhuku rinonzi "Grammar of Love", zvinyorwa zvinofadza uye kushamisika; Mutsara wakareruka wemutsipa weLushka, manzwiro akafanana neanofungwa nemunhu kana achitarisa zvinyorwa zvevasande ... Kune avo vasingadi rudo, vanozviisa muhupenyu hwavo, zvinhu zvose zvinowanzoshanduka kuva zvitsvene, uye kusuruvara hakuoneki seimwe rudzi rwekuparadzwa, asi se Chinangwa chemweya chehupenyu. Khvoshchinsky, achizviitira zvinyorwa uye manotsi mubhuku racho, akanyora "grammar yake yorudo." Ivlev, mushure mekunge atenga bhuku iri remunyengetero "bhuku rekunamatira", akatenga chipo ichi chinokosha kuti apedzere kuderedza "mitemo" yake, kunyora mitemo yake pachake, uye "kuvana vake nevana vazukuru vake vacharatidza iyi Grammar yeRudo".