Body nzeve dzevanhu: mamiriro, basa uye kukosha mumagakava upenyu

"The hazviiti kuona wakapatsanura munhu kubva pazvinhu.

Kusakwanisa kunzwa anoparadzanisa munhu kubva kuvanhu. "

Immanuel Kant

Man anoona mashoko kubva kunze kwenyika kuburikidza pfungwa shanu - kuona, kunzwa, murove, kuravidza uye kunhuwidza, izvo kwete chete azivisa nayo kuchinjwa kuti zvokunze kwezvakatipoteredza, asi kuyambira zvichibvira ngozi. Somugumisiro, munhu anowana rimwe ruzivo. Pahwaro chiitiko ichi vawana siyana maitiro evanhu.

Structure dzevanhu kunzwa nhengo anatomically kumiririrwa yokunze, pakati uye dzimwe madhipatimendi. The kwokunze nzeve inosanganisira auricle, auditory S-zvakaumbwa Canal uye eardrum - tendinous ndiro, ndiro Taut chaizvo. The chikuru kushanda auditory nhengo dhipatimendi ndiko kudzivirira nepakati uye yomukati zvikamu, uyewo kuti andobata mubatirire ruzha kusvika pakati nzeve.

The pakati nzeve ndiyo mhango kuti izere mhepo uye rinokwana ari Eustachian chubhu uye auditory ossicles - malleus, incus uye stapes. Chinangwa kadhi iri kusimbisa uye kuitisa ruzha vibrations kuti zvinobva eardrum. Auditory ossicles - kwakatooma zvikuru anatomical chivako, uye vari slidably sequentially interconnected. The malleus, vanobatisisa romukati kurutivi eardrum, izvozvo transmits vibrations kuti panhera uye stirrup. Uye zvinozoita zvakasimba kubatana kuti denderedzwa hwindo womukati nzeve.

The Eustachian chubhu buri pana chimwe mugumo mhango yapakati nzeve, uye vamwe - mune nasal mhango rinopa vakaenzana mhepo nevezera pakati nzeve.

Yomukati nzeve nhengo dhipatimendi izere mvura uye ine ane denderedzwa hwindo cochlea uye nhengo Corti. Oval hwindo, vachifunga acoustic vibrations kubva auditory ossicles, transmits navo cochlea, iri pachirauro gwara. The chikuru Kamudzira yacho cochlea, riri pakati anatomical mamiriro chinosanganisira akatambanudza fibrils, pamusoro inova nhengo Corti - Main auditory Kanotokonya. Nokufamba fibrils nedhambakura vachinzwisisa kutsinga dzinouya bvudzi nhengo Corti uye chinopfuudzwa kuburikidza auditory tsinga iri auditory nzvimbo cerebral cortex, uko kutekenyedzwa nokurira aumbwa.

The nhengo kunzwa munhu ane kukosha. Kunzwa, uyewo muviri womunhu kuravidza, zvakazara aumba kubva achangobva kuzvarwa mwana, izvo anoziva inzwi mai pakarepo pashure pokuberekwa. Chero kurira vibrations mhepo nokuita pamusoro nhengo kunzwa, kuti tikwanise kunzwisisa zviri kuitika kumativi. It anobvumira munhu nhengo rokunzwikwa zviripo evanhu kwezvakatipoteredza, kunzwisisa mutauro, anobvumira kuti kukurukura nevamwe uye kuita mumagariro uye basa mabasa. It anokwanisa kusunga vanhu pamwe chete siyana, zvisinei kusiyana netsika, chitendero kana ruvara rweganda. Kana izwi kukurukurirana pakati vanhu vaviri chinoshayikwa, sezvinoita mutemo, izvozvo unovapo kusavimba uye chavanoziva kurambwa therebetween.

Kana pane kusanzwa ari muduku, mwana anorasikirwa anokwanisa bereka mashoko uye dudza navo. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu utano vanoonga kunzwa hazvikoshi kupfuura chiratidzo, asi munhu nhengo rokunzwikwa kunoita kuti tirambe tiine ukama hwepedyo zvakatipoteredza, sezvo harigoni kuva "adzima", kunyange hope dzake.

Kunzwa - ichi ndicho chakasimba uye chinonyanya kwakakwana. Nhamba inzwi vibrations, kunzwisisa nzeve, miriyoni nguva duku pane nhamba mamorekuru kuti vanorudaviro dzevanhu olfactory nenyere. Somugumisiro, mumwe munhu anogona musiyano guru-siyana kupfuura siyana ruzha uye, Chikurukuru, zvakarurama chaizvo kuona daro kunobva. Human nhengo rokunzwikwa ane zvakaoma kunzwisisa zvokuti hapana chinonyanya ano hwokugadzira mano havagoni vomutsiva.

Uye kunyange pasinei ndechokuti matsi kana dambudziko rokunzwa munhu anogona kuziva inzwi mashoko wevaFiripi kana kwebasa miromo mumwe mutauri, kunzwisisa mupfungwa mashoko, haasi inokwanisa. Kufanana hadzikwanisi kutaura kwenyu kumunetsawo nemasaini. vanhu vose vari rutivi zvakarekodhwa nyika. Uye avo, nokuti chero chikonzero, vakura vakarasikirwa vachinzwa, vakati kuti ndinoona nokurasikirwa uku kwakaoma chaizvo, sezvo vari kure kunze nyika inzwi.

Kunzwa anonzi akangwara zvikuru kutsinga dzinouya nhengo, nekuti kutinhira kuzivikanwa gadziriro hwakada chaizvo chokuita chikamu ichocho ndicho chinoita hurongwa, riri basa nemanzwiro evanhu. Somuenzaniso, kuteerera mimhanzi kunogona kumutsa zvakasiyana siyana manzwiro - mufaro uye nokuyemura mwoyo uye kusuruvara. Vachiberekwa kana awana pazera kunzwa zvikanganiso kungada kwete chete rinorema njere zvishande, asiwo munzanga uye mupfungwa kugadzira urema. Man, sezvo evasingatombonamati evanhu munhu, achipfuura chaiye mupfungwa mumutambo pamwe kunzwa kurasikirwa.

Saka, zvose zviri pfungwa dzedu shanu havana kuenzana. Chikurukuru, nzeve, iyo inokosha kuziva munzanga zviratidzo zvevanhu. Kunzwa kunoita kwete chete kugamuchira mashoko akasiyana-siyana, kubva kunze, asi kuwana zivo, kuona simba nemanzwiro. Rinoshandiswa kuti mumagariro pakukurukurirana, izvozvo anonyevera nezvengozi uye angasafa nayo.