American film director, Roger Corman: biography, filmography uye zvinhu zvinonakidza

Kubvira pakutanga kwema1950, mutongi anozivikanwa akazvimiririra uye mutungamiriri Roger William Corman (Roger Corman), uyo ane mafirimu anosanganisira mazana emadhora emabhadhari, asingabvunzwi mairi maererano nemagetsi uye kugadzira, akachinja mararamiro avakagadzirwa uye akaparadzirwa. Kushanda kunze kwe studio system, akaisa rekodhi seimwe yevatengesi vemafirimu vanobudirira muhutano hweHollywood, 90% yezvakagadzirwa zvavakaita purofiti.

Mutambi Wemagetsi

Roger Corman, iyo yakazara mafirimu ayo ane mafirimu anopfuura 400, akakwanisa kugadzira zvishoma zvidhori zvakave zvinyorwa zvechimiro, zvinosanganisira "Kwete kubva pasi rino" (1957), "The Store of Horrors" (1960), "The Crow" (1963), " The Race of Death 2000 "(1975) uye" Hondo yeNyeredzi "(1980). Zvichida zvakakosha zvikuru kupfuura zvaaipindira ndezvekuti akaunza kune vanhu vakawanda vanozivikanwa vema Hollywood uye vatungamiri vakadai saJack Nicholson, Francis Ford Coppola, Martin Scorsese, Jonathan Demme, Joe Dante, Ron Howard, Peter Bogdanovich, John Sales, Curtis Hanson Uye James Cameron. Panguva imwecheteyo, muma1970 akabatsira vatungamiri vedzimwe nyika vakadai saAkra Kurosawa, François Truffaut naIngmar Bergman, vakave vakakurumbira muUnited States apo hapana aida kuisa njodzi. Akanga ari mumwe wevashandi vekutanga kuti vaone kubatsirwa kwemari yekupfura muEurope, uye akashandisa nzvimbo dzisina kufanirwa nemamwe mafirimu. Hazvishamisi kuti Corman, akatumidzwa zita ramambo webhasi-bhadha, akazova mumwe wevanhu vakakura uye vanobudirira vhizha venguva yake.

Brief biography

Roger akaberekwa musi waApril 5, 1926 muDetroit, Michigan. Akanga ari mukuru kune vanakomana vaviri veGenene Corman, injinjini iyo yakabatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kweDhamfield Village, uye mudzimai wake Anne. Akakurira muMidwest Midlands, asi nekuda kwekurwara kwababa vake uye nguva yake yekurega basa, mhuri yakatamira kumaodzanyemba kweCalifornia. Mushure mekunge apedza chikoro chesekondari muBeverly Hills mumakore ekupedzisira eHondo Yenyika II, Roger akashumira muUnited States Navy, uye akazotevera mumakwara ababa vake ndokuva injinjini, akadzidziswa paStanford University. Zvadaro akatanga kuratidza kufarira muzvigadzirwa zvevaraidzo, kuparidza mupepanhau rinonzi "Stanford Daily" kuongorora mafirimu. Mushure mekunge apedza chikoro chesekondari muna 1947, akashanda kwemazuva mana kuU.S. Electric Motors Company uye, paakaparadzanisa nechinangwa chemhanduri, akasarudza kuedza ruoko rwake kuHollywood. Corman akapinda mumudhizimusi wefirimu, achishanda semutumwa we studio "Twentieth Century Fox," uye gare gare akava muchengeti wemushandi uye muongorori we screenplays. Pabasa rekupedzisira, akazoziva nhamba dzezvikamu zvemari, izvo zvaiita seye nzira yakanaka yekuwana mari.

Engineering approach

Roger Corman akatengesa script yake yekutanga "Nedvod freeway" kwemadhora mazana mana. Akashandisa mari mukugadzirwa kwekambani yake yekutanga "Monster kubva pasi pegungwa" (1954), ye-ultra-low-budget inotyisa firimu pamusoro pevakashanyira uye yakadzika-gungwa diver avo vakaedza kuwana chisikwa chisinganzwisisiki chegungwa chinorwisa vanhu nemhuka. Sezvo akaratidza kukwanisa kwake kutungamirira, akaunganidza mari yekufambisa firimu nekusarudza American Releasing Corporation, iyo yakazotevera yakazova American International Pictures, muparidzi wechirangaridzo chake chechipiri, The Fast and the Furious (1954), uyo akazova zvisikwa zvake zvakagara kwenguva refu. Nenguva inotevera, paakazoita mutungamiri weTape Five Guns yeWest (muna 1955), Corman's formula yakanga yave yakanamatira: vanhu vanoshamisa, nhau dzisingazivikanwi, dzakagadziriswa nevanotaura nezvemagariro evanhu, kushandiswa kwemapenzi kwemafirimu uye cinematography, kutsvaga kwematarenda matsva uye, kunyanya kukosha, dense Purogiramu kuputira nemari yakawanda. Iyi nzira yakabvumira kuumba kusvika mafirimu 9 pagore. Yakanga isinganzwisisiki yekushanda muHollywood yenguva iyoyo.

Roger Corman - mutungamiriri

Mumakumi makumi emakumi akatevera akabudisa basa rekushanda-basa, iro iro, asi dzimwe nguva rakauya ribhoni rakakodzera kukudzwa kwevatsoropodzi. Pakati pemafirimu akafanirwa naRoger Corman mafirimu "Ichi chakakunda nyika" (1956), "Vakadzi veSwamp" (1956), "Attack of Monster Crabs" (1957) uye "The Risen From the Dead" (1957), iyo yakasekwa makore Gare gare muhurukuro yakakurumbira yeterevhizheni "Mystery Science Theatre 3000" (1988-1999). Mushure mekunyorwa kweCarnival Rock (1957) uye Naked Paradhiso (1957), akasika basa rakanakisisa munguva iyo "Kwete kubva pasi rino" (1957), umo akabvisa chimiro chakakwana muchitsiko cherubber, ichiratidza vatorwa vanonzi humanoid vakasvika panyika Nokuda kweropa kudyora hama dzavo dzehama. Rima, rinotyisa uye risingazivikanwi, iyi firimu yakave imwe yeavo vashoma maitiro apo Corman aikwanisa kuchinja bhajeti shomanana kuva mukana wokugadzira. Matepi anotevera - "Machine-gun Kelly" (1958), "Usiku hwechikara cheRopa" (1958) uye "Kutsanya paDope Street" (1958) - yakasara pasina mubvunzo muchinangwa chake chekupira zviito zvekudhirosa mukuda kwekutsanya, kusina mari uye pakupedzisira kunobatsira Genre.

Kubva pamuti unotakura kusvika kuna Edgar Poe

Akatema rimwe firimu inotyisa, yakakodzera kurumbidzwa, "Bucket of Blood" (1959), yakatsaurirwa kune mubatsiri wepedyo wemubatiri muimba yehafa yekhofi, iyo yakagamuchirwa musi weChitatu, ichiita kuurayisa kunotyisa mumabasa emifananidzo yemazuva ano. Zvichida firimu yake yakakurumbira yenguva iyoyo yaiva "Horror Store" (1960), nyanzvi pamusoro pemubatsiri wehurimi uyo akabudisa muti unodya unodya ropa revanhu. Mimhanzi miviri yakabudirira uye remake yakaiswa pairi, uye tepi pachayo yakava yechitendero uye yakawana hupenyu hurefu pavhidhiyo neDVD, nekuda kwekuti mune basa rekushandiswa kwemutungamiri mutungamiri akapfura iye asingazivikanwi Jack Nicholson. Corman Roger akapinda munguva yake yakakurumbira, apo akaongorora nyaya dzakawanda uye nhetembo naEdgar Allan Poe, umo Vincent Price yakadururwa. Yokutanga uye yakanakisisa yemapurogiramu iyi yaiva The House of Aschers (1960), iyo Mutengo waivekwa naRoderick Asher, yakatevera nemufananidzo wefirimu weEdgar Poe's The Well and the Pendulum (1961).

Roger Corman akapfuurira kuita mafirimu emhando shoma anobva pakuenzanisa kwePoe. Pashure pe "Nhau dzeHorror" (1962), akarayira jaya William Shatner mu "The Breaker" (1962), anoshamisa zvinoshamisa uye mberi kwekanguva yake yekusarura kwemarudzi uye kodzero dzevanhu. Gore raitevera, akarayira mamwe maitiro anozivikanwa eEdgar Po, akatevedza nebasa rakakurumbira remunyori, The Raven (1963), iro iro basa guru rakaridzwa naNicholson, Peter Lorr naBris Karloff. Kuratidzira kwaCorman nemabasa emapiyona anofadza kwakarongedzwa ne "The Enchanted Castle" (1963), "Mask of Red Death" (1964) uye "The Tomb of Ligeia" (1964). Ifilimu yekupedzisira yakanga yakasiyana script, yakanyorwa naAscar rakakunda Robert Taun. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo inofadza "Dementia 13" (1963) yakatungamirirwa, yakatungamirirwa nevechiduku Francis Ford Coppola.

Corman Roger akadzoka pakugadzirwa kwemafirimu, kubvisa Beach Ball (1965), Rwendo kuenda ku Prehistoric Planet (1966) uye Wild Angels (1966). Imwe mafirimu ekupedzisira mumusoro webhasikiti anopenya nemutambo waPeter Fonda, Nancy Sinatra, Diana Ladd naBruce Dern uye mamiriro ezvinhu aPeter Bogdanovich. Zvadaro, mu "Massacre musi waValentine" (1967), Corman akatendeukira kumusoro wevakakurumbira gangster hondo dzema1920, apo Jason Robarbs (Al Capone) uye Bugs Moran (Ralph Meeker) vakapfurwa.

Mifananidzo Yenyika Itsva

Nguva dzose achibvumira matanho ekugadzira kuedza, Corman akakumbira Nicholson kuti anyore "Rwendo" (1967) mamiriro ezvinhu, chirwere chezvemagariro chemaTranschelic yeTV mutengesi wezvokutengeserana uyo anotanga rwendo rweLSD rakafanana neAlly's adventures muWonderland, iyo inoguma nokuzvarwa patsva mumagumo. Vanotaura kuti mutungamiriri akashandisa zvinodhaka kuti awane pfungwa iri nani yekuti chiito cheAsiri chinogona kutaridzika sei. Kwemakore mashomanana akatevera akatungamirira uye akabudisa The Targets (1968), mutungamiri wekutanga waPeter Bogdanovich pamusoro pokudururwa kwakaitwa muna 1966 naCharles Whitman kubva munhandare yemauto, Bloody Mama (1968) pamwe naShelley Winters pamusoro pemhuri yemhosva yakatungamirirwa neMu Parker uye The Dunwich Horror (1970), vachitarisana naDean Stockwell naSandra Dee, uye script yakanyorwa naAscar-winning director Curtis Hanson. Asingafariri nekupindira mumamiriro ezvinhu nemari yemabhaisikopo ake nemuparidzi weAmerica International Pictures, Corman akasarudza muna 1970 kuronga kambani yake, New World Pictures, kuitira kuti atange kunyatsogadzirisa zvinhu zvake. Akarayira mafirimu Gasi! (1970) naVon Richthofen naBrown (1970), asi munguva pfupi vakashaya kufarira kutungamirira kusvikira kuma1990.

Zvepabonde uye utsotsi

Panguva imwecheteyo, Corman akabatsira zvikuru kutanga vatungamiri vadzidzisi, vazhinji vavo vakasika mifananidzo yakawanda munhoroondo ye cinema. Mushure mokutanga basa raJonathan Demme, uyo akatanga kunyora script yeThe Hot Box (1972), akashanda vechiduku Martin Scorsese kuti vapfure mufananidzo "Bertha anonzi va Wagon Train" (1972), mutambo wemhosva pamusoro pekudarika kukuru kwakamanikidza mukadzi wechiduku Barbara Hershey) uye mutengesi wemunyori (David Carradine) kutora nzira yeupombwe. Panguva imwecheteyo, Corman yakabudisa mhando yemavhidhiyo panyaya dzekuita zvepabonde, izere nehupombwe uye chisimba, nemashoko mashomanana kana kuti vanhu vanojeka, kusanganisira "Gentle Care" (1972), "Mudzidzi Mudzidzisi" (1973) ne "Young Nurses" (1973). ). Chikoro chefirimu chaCorman chaipindawo naCrustis Hanson, uyo akatungamirira mutungamiri wake mu "Sweet Murder" (1973), uye Demme akaedza mukana wake mufirimu pamusoro pevakadzi mu "Renegade" (1974). Mushure meSista veMutsa (1974), The Crazy Woman (1975) uye nhengo yepisodic muThe Godfather II (1974), akauraya imwe yepamusoro yesayenzi inofadza, fungiro reRafa Race 2000 (1975), satire yeramangwana pamusoro penyika Rally, uyo anokunda uyo achava mutyairi uyo akapwanya vakawanda vanofamba.

Tsvaga uye zvinotyisa

Kwemakore gumi, Corman anotamba matepi pamusoro pekudzingwa uye kupisa mhosva - Cannonball (1976), Jackson County Prison (1976) naTommy Lee Jones uye Grand Theft Auto (1977), umo Ron Howard akaita dangwe rake. Zvadaro akabudisa ruzivo rwemafirimu anotyisa Piranha (1978) naJoe Dante. Mushure mokubudisa uye kutamba basa iri mune firimu refirimu "Roger Corman: The Wild Angel of Hollywood" (1978), akaumba mamwe emifananidzo yake yakakurumbira: School of Rock and Roll (1979), The Lady in Red (1979) uye " Hondo YeNyeredzi "(1980), imwe yenharo dzake huru, iyo yakashandisa zvakare matarenda aJohn Sales uye zvakakosha zvaJames Cameron. Uyewo kubudirira kwakaitwa iyo firimu "Howl" (1981), tape itsva inotaurira pamusoro pechipupuriro, nekugadzira kushamisa, kutungamirirwa kwaJoe Dante uye mamiriro ekutengeswa. Kutevera Nyika Yakarambidzwa (1982), Ngirozi dzeGehena Nokusingaperi (1983) uye The Eccentrics (1984), Corman zvakare akaratidza bhizimisi rake rakakosha acumen apo muna 1983 akatengesa New World Productions, Inobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa uye kuparadzirwa kwemafirimu muUnited States, ne $ 16.5 mamiriyoni.

New Horizons

Mukuwedzera, mugore rimwe chete, Corman akatanga nhesi yefirimu yeComberorde / New Horizons, iyo yakatanga basa rakabudirira uye rinobatsira iro rakashandisa zvikwereti zvitsva, zvakadai sokutengeswa kwemakasekaseti evhidhiyo, uye gare gare maDVD, kubhadhara TV, uye kutengesa kune dzimwe nyika, Mafirimu asina kukwana akadai sokuti "Kuparadzana Kwemitemo" (1985), "Massacre mu Sorority House" (1986), "Nightmare muChitambi Camp" (1986) uye "Kushungurudzwa Kwokuuraya" (1987), yakazara nezviratidzo zvechisimba uye uhu. Mumakore mashomanana akatevera, Corman akasunungura rutsva rurefu rwekutya mafirimu nemabhururi pamusoro pehondo dzehondo dzakange dzisina hutsika uye dzakasiyana zvakasiyana kubva kune mumwe. Asi, sekugara nguva dzose, basa rake raibatsira. Pakati pemazita akawanda, vashomanana chete ndivo vakamira kunze, kusanganisira "Bloody Fist" (1989), izvo zvakakonzera kuenderera mberi kwemakore akawanda. Akabatsirawo kumutsidzira basa rekuona zvinonyadzisira Treacy Lords, uyo akabatwa mumusoro we "Kwete Kubva Pasi Pano" (1988). Zvadaro, mushure memakore gumi nemaviri aputsika, Corman akangoerekana adzokera kutungamira, kufungidzira firimu "Frankenstein yakabudiswa" (1990). Akaramba achiita basa rekubudisa mafirimu nemazita asina musoro akadaro se "In fit of passion" (1991), "Kushungurudza" (1992) uye "Carnosaurus" (1993).

Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, actor Corman Roger akazviratidza mumavhidhiyo akawanda anonzwa, kusanganisira "The Silence of the Lambs" (1991) uye "Philadelphia" (1993), inotungamirirwa nehutano hwake hwekare, Jonathan Demme. Mushure mekunge aonekwa mufirimu iyi "Apollo 13" (1995) Ron Howard, akaita sekutanga kuderedza kufamba kwebasa rake kwekutanga kokutanga atanga kupfura makore makumi mana apfuura. Kutaura zvazviri, Corman akangoenzanisa nekufambisa kwevashandi vemazuva ano, zvichibudisa imwe kana maviri mafirimu gore. Zvitevera Black Thunder (1998) uye The Nightfall (2000), ndiye aiva mutongi mukuru we Varvara (2003), chibharo chisingabatsiri chaConan muBarbarian. Corman akapfuurira kushandisa zvinyorwa zvekare uye zvinzvimbo, achiumba sequential sequel sequel "Bloodfist 2050" (2005).

Honorary "Oscar"

Roger Corman yakareba kwenguva refu yakashandura mumabhizimisi efirimu kuti akunde kuremekedzwa kweHollywood, iyo yakanyanya kunyanya kukanganwa mutungamiriri muhuwandu hwebasa rake. Muna 2009, mushure mokubudisa webhepfenyuro yakatevedzana Joe Dante "Gossip", pamitambo yezvikomborero Vatongi Mipiro, yakaitwa musi waNovember 14, Corman yakagamuchirwa kukudzwa "Oscar". Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vachiti chirongwa chisina kufanirwa nekuda kwekushayikwa kwekugadzira uye kuravira kwemakore mazhinji, vazhinji vakadzivirira, vachikakavadzana kuti mutungamiriri uye muveki vakapa chikamu chikuru kune cinema, nokuti kuvonga kwake kwakaonekwa vazhinji vanoita mafirimu makuru.