Amblyopia - chii? Amblyopia Vana: kumwero uye kurapwa

Maererano achangopfuura uwandu, amblyopia kwakawanikwa mukati 2% vanhu vakuru munyika yedu, asi vana mamiriro acho ezvinhu siyanei, sezvinoratidzwa kakawanda kuteterera ziso kiriniki kana unyanzvi zvipatara. Maererano nenyanzvi, ruzhinji vabereki vechiduku havazivi zviri amblyopia nevana, uye haasi kuziva zviratidzo zvayo kwete chete asiwo pamusoro pezvingazoitika. Naizvozvo, mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu uye yakatsaurirwa nhasi nyaya.

Chii amblyopia

zvokurwara ichi, unonzi "simbe" ziso, dzinoratidzwa reversible kuderera muchiratidzo rimwe kana maziso vose zvishoma. Izvi imhaka siyana yaishandiswa zvinetso zvakadai strabismus, zvokurwara pasi ziso cataract. Nokuda kwaizvozvi vachanetseka yedzimudzangara uye zvakakwana maonero chifananidzo. Somugumisiro, mumwe anoona mifananidzo yakasiyana chaizvo maviri panzvimbo imwe hombe, saka kuti basa ziso rimwe hunotanga woutsinye uye pakupedzisira kuipa. Sezvo chikazozikamwa, kana pane imwe nhengo zvikasashanda muvanhu, zvichava atrophy pamusoro nguva. Saka, marapirwo ari takakurumidza kutanga, mukana nani zvizere kuzoita mwana. Asi ichi ndicho kuti.

mhando amblyopia

Pakupindura amblyopia - chii, zvinofanira akati, kuti chirwere unogona kuvhiringidzwa nezvimwe pathologies, izvo kutungamirira vasanyanye kutarisana acuity. Saka, kudzivisa kukanganisa ichi, funga mhando amblyopia.

Kusiyanisa nesekondari siyana. Nokuti chikuru dzinosanganisira:

1. Refractive amblyopia, iyo iri nevana kunonoka refractive nokukanganisa kururamiswa. Govera imwe kuzviitirwa, kaviri madziro, zvakafanana, ichibata uye asymmetrical.
2. Strabismic amblyopia. Sezvo unogona kare zvokufungidzira, tichifunga chirwere ane chirwere kubva binocular chiratidzo, izvo kwakamutsa squint uye kushayikwa nenguva kurapwa. Sezvo tsika zvinoratidza, zvokurwara ichi hworatidza pachayo zvakanyatsojeka pamusoro Ziso squints.
3. Mixed amblyopia, iyo runoratidzwa zvose enguva refractive uye strabismic siyana.
4. Hysterical amblyopia. Richikwidibira iyi nyaya rikaitika kusagadzikana epfungwa. Kakawanda, chikonzero chingava mupfungwa kunotevera.

amblyopia About yechipiri vanofanira kuziva kuti chinokonzera chirwere ichi chinogona kuva zvokurwara ari kutarisana nayo, iyo yave vakabudirira kugadziriswa. Asi nekuda kwaizvozvi angadai zvakaitika nemasiraidhi maonero.

Zvinosanganisira:

1. Amblyopia pakati kujeka kupi kuti akazviratidza somugumisiro ari kutarisana nayo chirwere, kunotadzisa chimiro mifananidzo iri the retina. Pakati rakajairika kuratidzwa with vachiberekwa kana vawana tsanga. Of kujeka chimiro zvingaita sokuti somunhu kana meso vose.
2. Neurogenic amblyopia. The chikonzero chingava chirwere ari optic etsinga. Zviitiko pakupora zvakakwana zviri wakaiswa nhasi. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kurapa chirwere ichi rinotanga pashure kuvhiyiwa.
3. Makulopaticheskuyu. Zvinonzi Akamboramba pashure dzichiri zvirwere nechepakati uye paracentral retinal munzvimbo.
4. Nystagmic amblyopia. Akadanwa kuderedza nguva nguva yako vari mufananidzo nechepakati retinal nzvimbo.
5. Combined amblyopia. Kunoratidza wemishonga pamusoro siyana.

Strabismus mu amblyopia

Asi zvose zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzera amblyopia, akavamba pakati pavo vachiri squint. Sezvo chikazozikamwa, zvakajairika ziso tsandanyama kufamba pamwe chete, saka kuona kunowanzoitika kushanda muviri. Asi chiitiko munhu atadze kushanda zvakanaka kuti kanenge imwe tsandanyama pane dambudziko basa iri kufamba, kuti ari kukura kuva squint, pashure izvo amblyopia ziso uye ikoko. Saka, tinogona kutaura kuti strabismus uye amblyopia - zviviri zvakafanana.

Zvikuru zvakafanana zvikonzero kuti kutungamirira kwakaderera tsandanyama, kusunungurwa:

1. Hyperopia.
2. Kutyorwa ari psyche.
3. Kuvadza maziso.

symptomatology

Vakawanda zviratidzo chirwere ichi zvinosanganisira:

1. Kuderera mune chinooneka acuity rimwe kana vose maziso.
2. Kakawanda dzungu chokuita murombo omumwe-dimensional matatu zvinhu.
3. Matambudziko munguva nokudzidziswa.
4. Kutsauka kwemaziso negwara risiri kubva kutungamirirwa anopenya.

Diagnostics

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, mhinduro kumubvunzo amblyopia - chii, uye uchanamatira ino. Saka ngationei kusvika nyaya diagnostivanii chirwere ichi. Saka, vana vanoita nzira dzakasiyana.

Viziometriya

Kazhinji, munguva dzose mwana ane pachena kanyika Zvinhu acuity. Asi optometrist basa chinofanira kuziva soro kutarisana acuity pasina kururamiswa uye kuchinja. Chaiwo zviri viziometrii muvana dzinosanganisira:

1. Kujekeserwa pamberi bvunzo, kana mwana ajaira mifananidzo kuti vanoonekwa vari patafura.
2. Paanotarisa nguva dzose nahvalivaniyami mwana kana iye anopindura nemazvo.
3. Panoongororwa yakadereresa pamwero kutarisana acuity inokurudzirwa kudzokorora ongororo mumazuva mashomanana, uye iwe unofanira kutanga Ziso, izvo akaratidza kupfuura mugumisiro.

Chinhu chinokosha pamusoro muongororo iri nokunyatsocherechedza mwana nechinangwa kuramba kubva zvichibvira squinting.

refractometry

It anogona kuratidza, pane amblyopia muvana kana kwete. It kunoitika kuongorora kwakadaro uchishandisa refractometer kana keratofraktometra. Basa rinokosha pakuita chirwere mwana achitamba yakarurama placement ari mudziyo. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti chikuru Chishandiso parameters zvingave siyanei kubva rakatevera, saka nechirwere inokurudzirwa kuita kuramba kanoverengeka kuzosimbisa chirwere kuti "amblyopia maziso."

madhigirii

To musi, VanaChiremba zvinotevera inosiyana amblyopia:

1. Very yakaderera kukura - kutarisana acuity 0.8-0.9.
2. Low - 0.5-0.7.
3. Amblyopia mwero - 0.3-0.4.
4. High - 0.05-0.2.
5. Very yakakwirira - acuity pazasi 0,05.

zvikuru Amblyopia Kazhinji aine vanotaura pamusoro binocular chiratidzo.

Amblyopia Vana: Treatment

Apo chirwere kuti "amblyopia", mishonga inogona zvose kuchinja uye operative.

Kunokosha! The chokukomborerwa kutarisana acuity pashure pokuvhiyiwa vliyaeyut dhigirii amblyopia.

Saka, chii kuita kana nechirwere amblyopia vana? Treatment Kazhinji kunotanga occlusion, Manyiminya kururamiswa uye kutarisana penalization mishonga.

Manyiminya kururamiswa

Kana diagnosing mwana kuti amblyopia, icho achiperekedzwa ametropia, mamiriro vakabudirira kurapwa kugadzwa wechigarire kusakara magirazi kana lenses. Kunyanya kufunga pamberi dzakakwirira madhigirii kukanganisa refractive inofanira kupiwa pakusarudza yepamusoro lenses, aspherical zvinodikanwa, sezvo lenses aya chaizvo vanobudirira Manyiminya vematunhu, izvo zvinokosha pakurapa amblyopia.

Kushandiswa occlusion

Kushandisa occlusion ndeyokuita kure mureza mune zvokurapa munyika. Occlusion ndiko:

1. Direct (anowanzoita kuvharwa kana kuona ziso).
2. Harungashandurwi (kana ziso yapera, umo kutarisana acuity iri shoma).
3. Rakatumbuka (chinjana ziso kuvhara).

The nguva vanogona kuva:

1. Constant.
2. Kukwana.
3. Minimum.

The kushanda nheyo nzira iyi kuti dzikurukure functionality zvakaipa achiona ziso kunze kubva basa ziso utano. Sezvo tsika inoratidza kubudirira nzira iyi vana pasi 6 nemakore zviri kuvatumwa vakuru. Izvi imhaka zvimwe zvinetso chokuita mukuru zvakadini pamwe mupfungwa chinhu.

Chinhu chinokosha kuti vakabudirira kurapwa ndiko kurangwa eccentric Kuda kutamba.

Asi zvakanaka kutaura pamusoro zvimwe zvinhu zvisina kunaka zvinogona kutungamirira nzira occlusion. Idzi dzinosanganisira:

1. Richikwidibira maonero pamusoro ziso utano. Izvi zvinoitika kakawanda nokuda kuregeredza kunoitwa vabereki navanachiremba.
2. Kutanga kana nokusimbaradza strabismus.
3. Diplopia (chiono kaviri zvinhu).
4. Matambudziko ganda.
5. Various neutachiona.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti mumwe mukuru zvinokonzera kukundikana mukurapa kubudikidza occlusion inonzi disinterest vana pachavo vari refu kupfeka mabhandeji.

penalization

Penalization inzira yokurapa chirwere ichi, icho akasika apo chakagadzirwa Anisometropia vachishandisa anofambidzana siyana uye Manyiminya nokururamiswa pejoinhi (nachiremba) nokuti kushandiswa atropine ziso umo chikamu kumusoro. Nheyo kuitwa atropine ndiko kuti pave blurring muziso utano pashure instillation, mauri basa kusashanda ziso, izvo anoona zvikuru. nzira iyi, mukusiyana kusvika occlusion, nani vana uye zvikuru tibudirire.

Asi usakanganwa kuti anewo zvinhu zvisingafadzi. Idzi dzinosanganisira:

1. Pakuonekwa akatsvuka paganda.
2. Kutsamwa muziso.
3. Kakawanda nomusoro.
4. Yevanorwara zvikuru pamusoro.

Shandisai nzira iyi nyaya asingashiviriri occlusion. Chine unyanzvi zvainanga kudzorera kana Kusimudzira kubatwa uye kufamba yeziso, vanofunga iri nzvimbo akkommodasie. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, chinokosha mano, semuenzaniso sinoptofor anogona kushandiswa. Mumwe zvakanakira unyanzvi iri kuonekwa kuchikosha zvinoderedza kurapwa nguva pamwe zvakakwana yakakwirira kwevari kutarisana acuity.

Mabatirwo amblyopia uye strabismus

Sezvambotaurwa, Mabatirwo amblyopia zvinogona akatanga chete pashure kuchaitwa ayo zvinokonzera. Uye kana amblyopia yakatanga tikafunga strabismus, kutanga isu kuhupedza. Parizvino, pane dzakawanda marapirwo nokuda zvokurwara ichi. Hazvina operative uye dzokurapwa nzira:

1. Pleoptika. Treatment ndiko kusimbisa mutoro pamusoro Ziso squints. Kuti vawane izvi rinoshandiswa sezvo rinokosha Laser uye PC zvirongwa.
2. Orthoptics. Panyaya iyi, nhatu dzokutanga mano uye PC Software zvakagadzirirwa kudzorera chiratidzo uye kubvisa strabismus.
3. Diploptika. Kudzorerwa dzengerere musha.
4. Shandisa inokosha muviri zvainanga kuvandudza mashandiro weziso netsandanyama.

Zvakakosha kuziva ndechokuti squint asingadi kupfuura nezera vamwe zvisiri tenda. Uyewo, kana asingadi kuporesa nenzira yakakodzera nenzira, zvinogona kutungamirira vakaomerwa chaizvo yakaipa. Yeuka kuti kufadza zera kurapwa strabismus nani Chaizvoizvo - makore 25.

Home Treatment

Nokunyengedzera chirwere ichi kuri pakuti kana pane kukwana kushingaira panguva yaro mishonga zvichibvira zvazvo. Saka kukosha kutsungirira ndiyo vabereki, sezvo kazhinji mwana nechirwere amblyopia, haanzwisisi zvazvinoreva kuona zvakanaka, sezvo ichiwanika pachiyero zvinoita vasingambooni chakaipa nazvo. Naizvozvo, zvinokosha kuti chokubatanidza kurapwa zveutano uye nekuramba amblyopia mumba. Pashure pezvose, chete vagari basa mhuri yose inogona kuunza refu akamirirwa uye mukakumbira mugumisiro sezvo chiratidzo chakanaka. Uye kubatsira chirongwa chinokosha ichi kurapa amblyopia mumba. Kunyange zvazvo mumwe chirongwa uye akasarudzwa nomumwe nachiremba, asi pane dzimwe Muchiitwa vari akakodzera wose.

Rovedza yemagetsi rambi pamwe

Kutora izvi gobvu mutema pepa uye girobhu racho simba 80 W. Next, akagura denderedzwa 8 mm dhayamita nepepa micheto yekapepa katsva aka kuti girobhu racho. Pashure paizvozvo, mwana anofanira kuvhara maziso kuti anoona nani, uye kuti masekondi 30 kutarira chiedza girobhu racho, uye ipapo zvibereko chena pepa, pre-taped pamadziro. Ona munoda mufananidzo damn ikaonekwa papepa. Exercise rinofanira kudzokororwa muna 1-2 mwedzi, kanoverengeka pazuva.

Exercise pamwe chinyorwa

Ugopfiga mwana akanaka achiona ziso bhandiji. Tora maoko kare kugadzirira diki mhando, ariise chiso chechipiri kufadza daro uko mwana anogona kuiverenga. Pashure paizvozvo, tinotanga zvishoma nezvishoma kuvaparadzanisa wenyaya kusvika kusvikira zvava nyore kuverenga. Dzokorora kuita izvi kakawanda.

Rovedza yemagetsi rambi nesimba yepamusoro

Sarudzai mwenje inokwana zvikuru gobvu uye dema mapepa. Cut kwazviri chivharo ne buri (6 mm dhayamita) pakati ndokuisa pamusoro payo chomwenje. Zvadaro nokuvhara kuvhura dzvuku plenochkoj. Isai mwenje pa chinhambwe kanenge 40 masendimita kubva mwana uye kuzvitengesa. hwomwana basa iri maminitsi 3, pasina chinovakanganisa zvose, tarisai mwenje, uye vabereki vane ose 3 mumasekonzi, mwenje chinja pamusoro uye kure.

Kushandisa mbaravara

Uchada kamera pamwe nokupenya uye kapepa yauri kuwana mifananidzo kana tsamba. The nzira iri sezvinotevera: mwana retsono pamwero inoiswa nokupenya (ari chinhambwe kwete asingasviki 50 cm) uye akaita dzakatevedzana hadzitani (10). Pashure mwana mumwe nomumwe ane kutarira pepa uye edza kunzwisisa zvakanyorwa imomo (kapepa wakaiswa mukati mita kana maviri). Varumbidzwa Nhamba zvidzidzo pazuva kusvika 3 nguva kuti zvachose - kusvika 2 months.

Good-nekusimba zvakasikwa wakaisvonaka kana mitambo inoda zvakarurama.

A Mazano shoma

Kuti usazviparamurira kutsvaka mhinduro kumubvunzo amblyopia - chii, unofanira kuomerera mitemo zvinotevera:

1. Kuita nenguva dzirikure chokudzivirira bvunzo panguva ophthalmologist.
2. Kuona mwana kunyange zvishoma zvechokwadi munhu squint kudiwa kanenge kusimbisa kana agodzivisa nechirwere nokuita anodiwa kutsvakurudza ophthalmic kiriniki kana chevanorwara unyanzvi zvokurapa.
3. Musanetsa kukura strabismus Adult matoyi kana chivara zvinhu pedyo nayo.
4. Zvinopa mwana zvokudya uye kudzivisa anoshungurudza ezvinhu.
5. Kuramba tichiita kuzvidzora kukura kwake.
6. Kana zviratidzo chiratidzo matambudziko okutanga pakarepo kutaura nyanzvi.

Sezvo tsika inoratidza kuti fungidziro kuti amblyopia akanaka kana nguva achitanga kurapwa, asi pano zvakakosha zvinotevera:

1. Strict zvaidiwa uye Implementation ose kunenge dzose kupinda chiremba.
2. Mhando amblyopia.
3. Location maziso.
4. Initial chinooneka acuity.
5. The zera muchikwata murwere.
6. Nzira yokurapa.

The chikuru ndechokuti rangarira, hapana hazviiti munyika kuti kana iwe kumisa chinangwa uende izvozvo. Asi zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti undertreated murwere mune ramangwana aigona kunangana zvachose kurasikirwa zvaakaratidzwa. Saka, zviri inokurudzirwa kudzivirira kukura chirwere ichi, kuti muzive pachine mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti: "? Amblyopia - chii"