Cephalosporins 4th chizvarwa pamahwendefa. Mishonga-cephalosporins 4th chizvarwa

Cephalosporins ndezvaJehovha Beta-lactam zvinodhaka. Zvaimirira chimwe makirasi antibacterial zvinodhaka pakukura.

tsananguro

Yerudzi rutsva vanoonekwa cephalosporins 4th chizvarwa. Oral siyana vari muboka iri havasi iripo. The matatu asara anomiririrwa pachishandiswa nomumukanwa uye parenteral kushandiswa. Cephalosporins vane yakakwirira zvibereko uye vade toxicity. Nokuda kwaizvozvo ivo kugara aitungamirira chinzvimbo pamusoro kakawanda kushandiswa mune kunotoda tsika dzose antibacterial nevamiririri.

Zvairatidza Dzokushandisa nerimwe Chizvarwa cephalosporins pakuti avo pharmacokinetic zvivako uye antibacterial basa. Mishonga vane STRUCTURAL kufanana penicillin. It anosarudza yunifomu mashandiro ose anorwisa tupukanana zvinokonzerwa, uyewo muchinjikwa chisimbwa mune vamwe varwere.

kuwanda kwebasa

Cephalosporins vane bactericidal nomugumisiro. Zvinonzi chokuita kutyora Anoumba sero masvingo mabhakitiriya. Pakati vokutanga rechitatu kuchizvarwa katsika yekudyidzana kukudza kuwanda chiito uye kuwedzera inorwisa utachiona basa musi giremu negative tupukanana vane zvishoma richikwidibira kubatsira giremu-akanaka tusingaoneki. Kune mukuru kune zvose nhau ehupfumi zvinosanganisira pasina chinokosha nezvainoita enterococci nevamwe utachiona.

Varwere vakawanda vanofarira, wadii asunungurwa chizvarwa 4th cephalosporins pamahwandefa? Chokwadi kuti zvinodhaka izvi vane samolecular mamiriro chaiwo. Hazvina kubvumira unorapa zvinopfuura urongwa intestinal mucosa masero. Naizvozvo, 4th chizvarwa cephalosporins pamahwandefa isipo. All mishonga iri boka iri zvakagadzirirwa parenteral yaitonga. Available muna 4 Zvizvarwa cephalosporins vari ampoules pamwe solvent.

4th chizvarwa cephalosporins

Zvinodhaka ari muboka iri basa chete na unyanzvi. Ichi chikamu yerudzi rutsva mishonga. Cephalosporins 3, 4 zvizvarwa zvakafanana-siyana zvinokonzerwa. Musiyano uri zvishoma divi migumisiro rechipiri boka. Rinoreva "Cefepime" Somuenzaniso, vakawanda parameters pedyo yechitatu-chizvarwa zvinodhaka. Asi nokuda vamwe peculiarities vari makemikari mamiriro kuti anokwanisa kupinda rusvingo nechokunze giremu negative tusingaoneki. In iyi rinoreva "Cefepime" tichishandisa kugadzikana kuti hydrolysis kubudikidza Beta-lactamases (chromosomal) C-kirasi. Saka, kunze unhu yaingowanikwa 3rd chizvarwa cephalosporins (rinoreva "ceftriaxone" "Cefotaxime"), mushonga Exhibits zvakadai zviri se:

• kukanganisa microbial overproducing Beta-lactamases (chromosomal) C-kirasi;
• yakakwirira basa hama vasiri-hunotanga kuora zvigare;
• wakakwirira kuramba hydrolysis kuti Beta-lactamase rakapararira chakarondedzera (kukosha chikamu ichi hachisi pachena kusvikira pakuguma).

Ingibitorzaschischennye mishonga

Boka iri zvinosanganisira imwe zvinodhaka "Cefoperazone / Sulbactam". In tichienzanisa monosredstvom, kukabatanidzwa medicament zvakachinja chakarondedzera basa. Zvinokanganisawo anaerobic tupukanana tusingaoneki, ruzhinji okuva Enterobacteriaceae, aigona kubudisa Beta-lactamases.

Pharmacokinetics

Parenteral Cephalosporins 3, 4, chizvarwa kwazvo zvakanaka kunyura kana raitongwa kupinda tsandanyama. Medicaments nokuti zvokuudzwa Kutarisirwa dzinoratidzwa yakakwirira Absorção de Água iri nemudumbu. Bioavailability achavaponesa chaiwo medicament. Zviri kuwanda 40-50% (nokuti zvinodhaka "Cefixime" Somuenzaniso) kusvika 95% (nokuti mari "Cefaclor" "cefadroxil" "Cephalexin"). Oral Absorção de Água zvimwe mishonga inogona kuderera zvokudya yaunodya. Asi izvozvo mushonga se "Cefuroxime anozviramba" panguva Absorção de Água hydrolyzed. More nokukurumidza kusunungurwa vanoshingaira zvinoriumba kana kunosimudzirawo chikafu.

4th chizvarwa cephalosporins vari zvakanaka akaparadzirwa nyama zhinji uye nhengo (dzakakudzingai kweprostate), uyewo zvakavanzika. At yakakwirira mushonga kuwanda zvinowanikwa synovial uye peritoneal, pericardial uye pleural zvinwiwa, mapfupa uye ganda, nyoro zvinyama, chiropa, tsandanyama, itsvo nemapapu. Kugona kupfuura BBB uye anoumba muviri pfungwa iri CSF zvikuru raidudzwa rechitatu-chizvarwa mishonga akadai "Ceftazidime" "ceftriaxone" uyewo "Cefotaxime" uye mumiririri wechina - rinoreva "Cefepime".

Muviri uye excretion

Vazhinji cephalosporins havasi pasi kuora. An kunze kunoonekwa sechinhu mushonga "cefotaxime". It biotransfomiruetsya kunoteverwa inotungamirwa rinobata chigadzirwa. Yabudiswa cephalosporins 4th chizvarwa, uyewo vamiririri vamwe, kunyanya neitsvo. Kana kupera muna weti zvinowanikwa nekaupenyu dzakakwirira kuwanda.

Mishonga "Cefoperazone" uye "Ceftriaxone" dzinoratidzwa kaviri kubviswa - chiropa uye neitsvo. For cephalosporins dzakawanda hafu-upenyu mukati mumwe maviri maawa. A nguva refu kunodiwa kuti mari "ceftibuten," "Cefixime" (maawa 3-4) uyewo "Ceftriaxone" (maawa 8,5). Izvi zvinoita kuti kupa kamwe pazuva. In varwere renal kukundikana, chipimo chemushonga mishonga anofanira kururamiswa.

nemishonga

Mishonga - cephalosporins 4th chizvarwa - kukonzera zvinoverengeka zvakaipa, kusanganisira:

• Chisimbwa. Varwere tinganetseka erythema multiforme, mapundu, urticaria, serum kurwara, eosinophilia. Side kunoita muchikwata ichi zvinosanganisirawo anaphylactic kuvhunduka, fivha, angioedema, bronchoconstriction.
• Hematologic siyana. Pakati pavo kupa yakanaka Coombs, leucopenia, eosinophilia (sawanikwa), hemolytic kupererwa neropa, neutropenia.
• Tsinga zvirwere. In kushanda dzakakwirira mishonga pavarwere vane renal dysfunction aona nokugwinha.
• Chiropa: vakawedzera transaminases.
• Nomudumbu. Pakati Migumisiro chaizvo nevakawanda manyoka, pseudomembranous colitis, kurutsa uye kuda kurutsa, kurwadziwa mudumbu. Kana emura zvituru neropa nezvimedu zvinodhaka Akawisira.
• Local siyana. Izvi zvinosanganisira infiltration uye soreness pa nzvimbo intramuscular jekiseni uye phlebitis pamwe intravenous jekiseni.
• Other Migumisiro akataurwa muchimiro kusangana nekutsi kwemukadzi candidiasis uye kunanzvana.

Zvairatidza uye contraindications

4th chizvarwa cephalosporins basa apo rinorema nizkominalnyh zvinganaka zvirwere zvinokonzerwa multidrug nemishonga microflora. Izvi zvinosanganisira empyema pleura, pute ari zvemapapu, mabayo, septicemia, mapfupa uye vadyi zvirwere. 4 inoratidza chizvarwa cephalosporins zvirwere kuoma ne mhando iri Urinary turakiti, pamusoro neutropenia nezvimwe immunodeficient inoti. Mishonga hadzina basa munhu asingashiviriri.

matanho okudzivirira

In kushandisa muchinjikwa-mhando chisimbwa kuchengetwa. Varwere haanzwisisi kuti kuti penicillin kwakaratidza yakafanana pavakanzwa yomuzana chizvarwa cephalosporins. Cross chisimbwa kana kushandisa muchikwata wechipiri kana wechitatu uri simba (muna 1-3% nyaya). With nhoroondo pakarepo mhando siyana (semuenzaniso, anaphylactic kuvhunduka , kana urticaria), wokutanga chizvarwa zvinodhaka vakanzi nokungwarira. Kugadzirira zvinotevera Mapato (kunyanya wechina) ngozi.

Pregnancy uye lactation

Cephalosporins vanogadzwa antenatal pasina chinokosha kurambidzwa. Zvisinei, zvakakwana kudzorwa zveBhaibheri kuchengeteka mishonga hadzina kuitwa. Yakaderera kuwanda cephalosporins vanogona kupinda munzvimbo mukaka. Against pakanyorwa mushonga panguva lactation chinowanzoitika kuchinja mune intestinal microflora, candidiasis, ganda mapundu, sensitization vana.

Pediatrics uye geriatrics

In pokushandisa achangoberekwa zvimwe kuwedzera hafu-upenyu pamusoro pakanyorwa chinovhiringidza pakati renal excretion. In varwere vakwegura, kuchinja renal basa, uye saka vangangodaro slowdown mukubvisa mishonga. Izvi zvingada kuchinja redunhu kushanda uye uwandu husingakuvadzi.

renal dysfunction

Sezvo Kubviswa cephalosporins vakawanda kunoitika zvikurukuru kuburikidza renal wemuTesitamende chinoshingaira chimiro, kuti chipimo chemushonga zvaiitwa inofanira kuchinjwa kuratidza zvinoitwa nhengo. Panguva dzakakwirira mishonga, kunyanya akabatana loop diuretics, aminoglycoside kana zvichida kuwanika nephrotoxic kushanda.

chiropa dysfunction

Zvimwe zvinodhaka yabudiswa muna bile, uye saka varwere zvikuru chiropa chirwere, kuti chipimo chemushonga anofanira kuderedzwa. In varwere izvi pane mukuru propensity kuti ropa uye gipoprotrombinemii ari kushanda rinoreva "Cefoperazone". Somunhu chokudzivirira nechiyero yakarumbidza vhitamini K.