Alexander Zholkovsky: hwake uye mabasa

Nyanzvi, munyori, mabhuku mutsoropodzi Alexander Zholkovsky muRussia nhasi akawanda anozivikanwa chete yakatetepa unyanzvi. Kunyange zvazvo pfungwa dzake kwesayenzi vachiri kushingaira dzakabudirira uye unoshamisa kupenya uye freshness. Tikaudza sei paiva upenyu uyu anonakidza, uye ake rokusika nzira.

Uduku uye kwakatangira

Akazvarwa musayendisiti ramangwana Alexander Zholkovsky September 8, 1937 muMoscow mumhuri ine anonakidza zvikuru. mai vake Deborah Semenovna Rybakova aizivikanwa musicologist, Ph.D., vaidzidzisa nhoroondo mumhanzi panguva Moscow Conservatory uye Music College. Baba Constantine Zholkovsky Platonovich akafa apo kupindira dzinoshambira Kayaking muGungwa White, kana mwanakomana wake waiva mwedzi mishomanana. baba Alyx vake (saka zvose ichiri kunzi Zholkovsky) yakatsiva murume wechipiri amai vangu, Lev Abramovich Mazel - akakurumbira Soviet musicologist, purofesa panguva Moscow Conservatory. Munguva yehondo, mukomana aiva nevabereki vake akatizira Sverdlovsk. Asi mbuya uye rwaamai sekuru, aigara Kiev, akarova neGermany uye akafa muna Babi Yar.

inotungamirwa

Muna 1944 mhuri vakadzokera Moscow, uye Alexander Zholkovsky akaenda nhamba kuchikoro 50, apo iye kudzidza pamwe chinokudza muna 1954. Izvi akamubvumira pasina ongororo, asi chete kuti bvunzurudzo kuenda kukoreji. Akasarudza nomukurumbira rorusununguko Philology, Romance-weGermany Bazi Moscow State University. M. Lomonosov. rurimi rwake akanga Chirungu specialization. Student Zholkovsky aiva nesimba, akadzidza zvakanaka, asi ideologically zvakare vakasununguka. Mugore rokupedzisira zvakanga zvakafanira kuti Koshanda musangano uye akagamuchira pakutsiurwa, kuti panguva nayo anovhara rwoga iri kugovera zvakare kana zvishoma vakadzikama resitorendi.

Nzira Soviet musayendisiti

Apedza, Alexander Zholkovsky, nemhaka kureverera uye kutungamirirwa mudzidzisi, musayendisiti akaremekedza Vyacheslava Vsevolodovicha Ivanova, akabatana murabhoritari muchina shanduro panguva Institute of Languages Foreign. Thorez. Yaiva chete sangano yesayenzi, zvisina kutya kutora vakasununguka-anofunga. Akatanga aine mukuru injiniya, akazova munhu mudiki tsvakurudzo mubatsiri uye zvadaro akasimuka mukuru mutsvakurudzi. Zholkovsky vaiita STRUCTURAL semantics, uye nyaya vake vakaona chinoshamisa nyanzvi Igor Aleksandrovich Melchuk. Akakoka musikana musayendisiti ari kushanda muboka rake, iyo ipapo yakatanga dzidziso "chinyorwa-rinoreva" kuzivikanwa pashure anenge echimurenga. Somugumisiro mushandirapamwe vakaona chiedza mabhuku anoverengeka ari lexical zvinhu uye experimental tsananguro combinatorial duramazwi yomutauro wokuRussia. Kunotangwa dzidziso mapoka muSoviet Union haana kukura, duramazwi yakabudiswa chete 80s kuVienna, pashure Melchuk vakatama. Murabhoritari ipapo yaiva chikwata chaiyo chitendero hachina basa muupenyu, nokuti chii, chokwadi, zvose zviri sei.

Muna 1974, akanga vanogumurwa kubva Zholkovsky MGPI. Izvi zvinodaro nokuti pashure makatodzinga Solzhenitsyn nezvetsika freethinking vakadzidza yakaoma zvikuru, vakatanga kuti masangano yesayenzi kuchenesa chaiko. Alexander padikidiki vakakwanisa kuwana basa paInstitute "Informelectro" apo Group unoshanda Yu Apresian pasi achinyepera sunungukei Director S. G. Malinina. The boka kuva muenzaniso uye akashanda Mel'chukov muchina rokushandura. Nhasi, basa boka iri vave kuzivikanwa zvikuru uye kushingaira rakabudiswa pose.

chinyorwa

In kufanana basa boka Mel'chukov Alexander Zholkovsky kudzidza chikoro of Institute of Oriental Languages pana Moscow State University. Musoro basa rakanga Somali mutauro ane zvekumwe. Muna 1968, kuti chinyorwa chapera, Alec atotumira husingaoneki, asi kurapa Institute akatanga mwoyo mupomerwi. Chikonzero kuti - Zholkovsky akasaina tsamba pakutsigira akasunga vaitsoropodza uye Ginzburg Galanskov mhosva rakasikwa uye kuparadzira samizdat. The Institute akadzora kubva dissertation kanzuru kufarira post-akapedza Zholkovsky. In kuwa 1968 zvakaitika kuti Soviet nechisimba kuCzechoslovakia, uye Alex akanga zvakare pakati vairatidzira. MGPI utariri akasarudza kuramba dissident uye kwete kumupa kudzivirirwa. Asi pasava kudzingwa kwezvirongwa masangano, riri kutsigira Zholkovsky pachena. Somugumisiro, muchirimo 1969 akakwanisa sowakajeka kupfuura kuchengetedzwa nzira, uye gare gare kuti vawane mvumo yacho WAC. Ndiyo yaiva chete dissident humanist akabudirira kuzvidzivirira.

Makore okutapwa

Independent uye vakangwara Aleksandr Zholkovsky, ane Biography kwakabatana kwete chete kuti sayenzi asiwo kurwa, ndaigona kufanira kupinda Soviet chokwadi, uye muna 1979 vakatama - kutanga kuna Vienna uye muna US, apo iye akararama kubvira. Kwemakore anoverengeka iye aishanda ari Cornell University, uye kubvira 1983 - paUniversity Southern California. Zvishoma nezvishoma Alexander Zholkovsky, ane pikicha iri chero mutauro enisaikoropidhiya, nokubva vanachandagwinyira structuralism akatanga kunyora bhuku pamusoro hunoshamisa Russian munyori, iri rakatangwa muna essays, novellistka.

mabhuku

Writer Alexander Zholkovsky, ane mabhuku nhasi vane yakatsiga pedenderedzwa admirers, haana kunyorwa zvinopfuura 30 mabasa kwesayenzi uye netsamba, uyewo nyaya anenge 400. Inonyanya kufarirwa pakati voruzhinji wakaunganidza basa rake nokugadzirwa pamusoro Genre unfabled prose. The inozivikanwa mabhuku vari Zholkovsky "Stars uye zvishoma nekakutya," "Maturo uye dzimwe vignettes kukwana", "Pasternak Poetics", "Mikhail Zoshchenko. Poetics kuti kusavimba. "