"Vakafa Mweya" ongororo. Kuongororwa chigadzirwa "Dead Mweya" by Gogol

"Vakafa Mweya" - huru yemudzimu Nikolaya Vasilevicha Gogolya, kwete chete pakafunuka nokudzika romubati kunanga. Nokuti ichi munyori basa pariri akatanga refu basa munyori uye kwevanhu kuzvidzora ruzivo. Analysis kuti "Vakafa Mweya" zvichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

Gogol vakataura mushure bhuku rokutanga vhoriyamu kuti huru nyaya mabasa ake - kwete dzakashata landlords uye kwete rwenyika, uye "chakavanzika" kuti pakarepo anofanira ngaawone vaverengi ari zvinotevera vhoriyamu.

"Pale pakutanga" chikuru design

The kutsvaka Genre, magadzirirwo shanduko, basa mashoko mavhoriyamu maviri okutanga, uyewo kufunga wechitatu - ndivo zvimedu huru "Construction", kuitwa Nikolai Vasilyevich chete aoma. Kuburikidza kuongorora "Vakafa Mweya", zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti vhoriyamu yokutanga - izvi chete chikamu umo vakaronga rehurukuro yose. Ndiyo "kutanga rakachenuruka" webasa, kuziva munyori. Ndosaka Nikolai akamuenzanisa paberere, kuti kuisa munhu "kumuzinda" Kurumidza dzematunhu mapurani.

Sei urongwa basa?

Features sezvamunoita uye pasi, mavambo pamusoro Genre chokuita kudzamisa uye kusimudzira yepakutanga pfungwa "Dead Mweya". At pamudzi chigadzirwa raiva Pushkin. Mumashoko Nikolai, mudetembi vamurayira kuti atore basa guru uye yaitoti rangano iyo aida kusika "chinhu chakafanana detembo." Zvisinei, kwete zvokuti nyaya pacharo, sei vasungwa vakawanda izvozvo "akafunga" aiva "ruvhevhe" pamusoro Pushkin Gogol. Zvakanga aizivikanwa yemberi munyori nhetembo nyaya chaiyo dzinobva imwe vanonyengedza pamwe vainzi "mweya akafa". Sewechiduku, Gogol muna Myrhorod paiva nomumwe Muzviitiko izvi.

"Vakafa Mweya" by Gogol munguva Russian

"Mweya Dead" - serfs, vakanga vafa, asi akaramba inyorwe kusvikira mangwana mhenyu "kunyora-dzechembere." Chete pashure peizvi vakanga pamutemo vakafa. Yakanga pashure "kunyoresa-ngano" landlords vakarega kubhadhara yokuvhota kwavari - mutero chaiyo. Aripo papepa vanhuwo zvavo anogona ambofanobata, yomupiro kana kutengeswa kupfuura all scammers dzimwe nguva rinoshandiswa nokunyengedza landlords kwete chete mukana kubvisa asiri kwemari generating serfs, asi kumubatsirawo mari kwavari.

Mutengi kuti "mweya akafa" Saka akava muridzi mamiriro iwayo zvechokwadi. Adventure protagonist anoshandira Chichikov - migumisiro "Inspirational Ndaifunga", mumatsutso nayo - bhodhi kuti matirastii angazviisira mumwe serf nokuda 200 rubles.

Adventure-picaresque yokufungidzira

The hwaro vanonzi kutsika-picaresque yokufungidzira akapa "anecdote" ne "mweya akafa". Izvi mhando yokufungidzira kwagara mukurumbira chaizvo nokuti yakasiyana kunakidza. panguva Gogol Older akasika mabasa ari Genre ichi (VT Narezhny, FV Bulgarin and said.). enganonyorwa dzavo, pasinei panzvimbo yakaderera zvinoyevedza sandara, pamwe akabudirira zvikuru.

Nadzurudzo of Genre kutsika-picaresque yokufungidzira pakuitika

Kukurukura womuenzaniso tiri kufarira chigadzirwa - ndiwo kutsika-picaresque yokufungidzira, sezvo "Vakafa Mweya" ongororo. Zvinonzi, zvisinei, zvikuru rakavapo mukufamba basa munyori zvisikwa ichi. Anopupura ichi Somuenzaniso, vechinyorwa chiratidzo "Poem", yakabuda pashure mukuru kuronga uye chikuru pfungwa kugadziridzwa Gogol ( "Vakafa Mweya").

Kuongororwa chigadzirwa kunoratidza zvinotevera dzinonakidza unhu. "Russia All zvichava mariri," - kuti chinyorwa pamusoro Gogol, uyo akasimbisa kwete kukura kwezvinhu "Vakafa Mweya" kana tichienzanisa chido yepakutanga "kunyange pane rimwe divi" kuratidza Russia, asi panguva imwe chete kwaireva unokosha kudzokorora Genre womuenzaniso akasarudzwa kare. Takava pedyo Nikolai mhiri chinyakare kutsika-picaresque itsva nokuti vasingagoni kutakura fuma urongwa hutsva. Chete imwe nzira zvakaratidzwa Russia yava "Odyssey" Chichikov.

Adventure-picaresque yokufungidzira, akarasikirwa aitungamirira basa "Vakafa Mweya", akasara pamwe Genre hamvuropu nokuda paakaita nhetembo uye unhu kudzidza kuitika.

Features mufananidzo Chichikov

Chimwe chidobi kuti rinoshandiswa Genre ichi - chakavanzika Nezvekwakabva gamba. Mutambi mukuru akanga ari muzvitsauko munhu vanhuwo zvavo, mumwe foundling, uye kuguma basa rokutanga, kukunda zvipingamupinyi muupenyu, aizviwana pakarepo mwanakomana vabereki vakapfuma, nhaka. Nikolai akarambwa zvakasimba nokuda template.

Kuburikidza Kuongorora nhetembo "Vakafa Mweya", vanofanira kuva nechokwadi kuti kuona kuti Chichikov munhu "pakati". Munyori rinoti nezvake kuti iye "kwete zvakaipa-achitarisa," asi kwete akanaka, kunyanya dzakatetepa uye kunyanya gobvu, kwete vakwegura uye kwete muduku. Muverengi nyaya wakavanzika noupenyu mushingi pasi kwokupedzisira, chitsauko nomumwe. In ichi muri chokwadi kuti kunyatsoongorora verenga "Dead Mweya". Analysis nechitsauko inoratidza chokwadi kuti pakanyorwa munyori anotiudza chete nomumwe. Asarudza kuzviita, Gogol anotanga vaone "vulgarity", iro ordinariness kuti gamba rake. Iye anonyora kuti "mwero" uye "rima" vayo mavambo. Nikolai zvakare anoramba kunyanyisa kuona hunhu hwako (asiri munyengeri haanganzi mukomboreri, asi kwete gamba), asi anodzivira panguva huru sezvo Chichikov - a "anotenga", "webasa".

Chichikov - the "avhareji" munhu

In unhu ichi, saka hapana kujairika ikoko - vanonzi "avhareji" munhu, izvo awedzera Gogol mutsetse, vanhu vakawanda vanowanzopedzisira. Nikolai anoona kuchinja vamwe ruchiva ake unotiranga mukutsvaga mweya chiedza uye rakanaka kuratidzwa upenyu "urombo kwevanhu" urombo zvinangwa muupenyu uye zvinhu zvokunamata - zvose kuti vanhu vakawanda takavanda kudaro kunyatsoongorora. Analysis kuti "Vakafa Mweya" kunoratidza kuti Gogol akatora Biography ari gamba haisi zvakawanda kuratidza pakupera chigadzirwa "chakavanzika" hwake, sei kuyeuchidza vaverengi kuti ichi hachisi rakasiyana munhu, uye zvikuru zvavo. Munhu anogona kuona imwe "chikamu Chichikov."

"Positive" magamba mabasa

The kutsika-picaresque enganonyorwa tsika nyaya "tsime" ndiyo mukutsvaka utsinye, makaro uye anorura vanhu protagonist. Vairwira kodzero dzavo ano ezvinhu vakatarira dzinenge "muenzaniso wakakwana". Kazhinji, akabatsirwa ne tsitsi uye zvakanaka vanhu, nokushayiwa mano achingoratidza nevatambi nemunyori.

Zvisinei, Chichikov mu bhuku mabasa kusina anodzingana wokutanga. Uyewo ari yokufungidzira, kwete vatambi, izvo zvinogona pane kusvika, ivai vateveri emunyori pfungwa. Kuburikidza kuongorora basa, "Vakafa Mweya", tinogona kuona kuti chete bhuku rechipiri pane "zvakanaka" magamba Kostanzhoglo muridzi womunda, murimi Murazov, vasingawirirani kuti zvisina kufanira vakuru siyana remutungamiriri. Asi izvi kujairika nokuda Nikolai vatambi vari kure kwazvo itsva mapatani.

Chii chinokunakidza Nikolai pakutanga?

Chakavambwa, chakagadzirwa nyaya dzaiva mabasa mazhinji zvakanyorwa Genre pamusoro kutsika-picaresque yokufungidzira. Nyaya iri uchinzvera, "mashoko adventures kuti" rogues-magamba. Uye Nikolai havasi vanofarira adventures huru mutambi mavari, kwete dzavo "zvinhu" mugumisiro (Chichikov Pakupedzisira chete nezviripo kubiridzira), uye mutsika dzavo uye munzanga kugutsikana, izvo rinobvumira munyori kuti Kunyepa "girazi" kuratidza Russia ano mu "mweya Dead" chigadzirwa wacho. The ongororo inoratidza kuti izvi ndizvo nyika landlords vari kutengesa "mhepo" (kureva vanhuwo zvavo akafa), uyewo vakuru vanopa rubatsiro kune fraudster panzvimbo nokuvakanganisapo. Rine kukuru zvinogona kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro chomunda chigadzirwa - nemhaka yaro chaiyo siyana seari akaturikidzana vamwe tsika - uye uzivi rokufananidzira. Zvinofadza chaizvo kuongorora Varidzi ( "Vakafa Mweya"). Mumwe nomumwe wevanhu shanu nderokufananidzira chaizvo - mu pokuratidzwa ravo Nikolai anoshandisa zvokufananidzira.

Tava kuderera kufamba rangano

Gogol zano sangano DZEMUNHU DZINODZORA nemaune, mumwe chiitiko achabatsirwa zvakawanda kurondedzerwa zvenyika zvinhu umo vatambi kurarama, uyewo avo chitarisiko, akataurirana pamusoro dzavo nounhu hwevanhu. Kwete chete simba rinomutsa asiwo kukosha kurasikirwa kutsika-picaresque nyaya. Chiitiko chimwe nechimwe chinoita zvinobikwa "chinhu aval" Copyright nokufungidzira uye nezvakatongwa, details, chokwadi. The nganonyorwa zvinopesana zvinodiwa Genre akarega rinenge chose okupedzisira muzvitsauko. Izvi zvinogona achasimbiswa pasina nokuita kuongorora Gogol kuti nhetembo "Vakafa Mweya". Nokuti pokumuka maitiro zvichireva maviri chete zviitiko kubva vamwe vose kuti kutora nzvimbo kubva wechinomwe regumi chitsauko. Izvi kubva Chichikov uye kunyoresa gwaro kwavari.

Rinonetsa vaverengi

Nikolai vaverengi vanoda chaizvo - anoda kuti kupinda mumba musimboti mananara, uye haana Vaiisa pamusoro pemvura, isu akafungisisa pamusoro zvinoreva mabasa "Vakafa Mweya" yakavanzwa. Zvinofanira ongorora vanyatsohuongorora. Zvakakodzera kuona zvinopfuura "chinangwa" kana kuti mashoko kukosha yemunyori mashoko havasi pachena, asi chinonyanya kukosha - yokufananidzira generalized. Zviri sezvo zvakafanira muna Pushkin kuti "Evgenii Onegine", iro co-pakusikwa vaverengi munyori "Dead Mweya". Pazvese, kuti unyanzvi kunoita Gogol kwakaita prose haisi vakasikwa chii anoudzwa chii anoratidzwa uye sei zvinoitwa. Munoona here, une kamwe kuongorora basa, "Vakafa Mweya". Shoko iri kusimba mudziyo, yaiva mwene Gogol.

Nikolai akataura kuti munyori, aireva vanhu, vanofanira kufunga kutya uye kusava nechokwadi kuti kurarama avo vanoita mabasa akaipa. Uye atifarire uye kuzvidzwa achatakura shoko "mudetembi lyrical." Yaitaurwa pamusoro hunyambiri zvakaita mananara upenyu - munhu kufarira musoro yemunyori mabasa mubereko kwatiri.

Ichi pfupi kuongorora ( "Vakafa Mweya"). About basa Gogol raMwari, unogona kutaura zvakawanda. Tava kuziva chete huru. Zvinofadza kuti vanogara mifananidzo landlords uye munyori. Unogona kuita izvi pachavo, yakavakirwa ongororo yedu.