Zeigarnik kushanda muna kwepfungwa

Dzimwe nguva tinofanira kusiya ichi kana kuti chiito kukwana nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvakanaka, pashure tikatambura usiku, uye konekwa mabhizimisi ichi kuzviyeuchidza pamusoro uye pamusoro kunetsa pfungwa, kunyange kana izvi zviri izvo, uye hapana chikonzero kupedzisa mugumo mumwe chikonzero kana mumwe asati. Izvi zvose haana kutaura yedu yakakwirira mwero conscientiousness kana chinhu chakadaro. The ndechokuti mune ano dzidziso Gestalt zvepfungwa pane chinhu chakadai ive zvazviri Zeigarnik, iyo inotumidzwa zita rayo kuti Soviet nesayenzi B. V. Zeygarnik.

Ndianiko iye - Blum Volfovna?

Blum akaberekwa muna 1900 iri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweRussia, uye nomunyika yake uduku uye haana kuvimbisa vechidiki wake mukuru kubudirira mune psychopathology. Ava nemakore 21, iye akawana uye akatamira Berlin, apo akaenda kukoreji.

Yakanga chete panguva kushanya hurukuro iye aifarira kwazvo munguva iri zvepfungwa wacho, uyewo akasiyana pezvakaitwa kuti kuitika maitiro evanhu panguva imwe kutyora.

Zvinoshamisa kuti Chiitiko, iyo gare gare kupa zita "Mugumisiro Zeigarnik mu zvepfungwa" uye kuti varumbidze Volfovna Blum, akava chinhu kudzidza muna chiremba basa richiri naye makore mudzidzi uye akanga chikuru nyaya yacho chinyorwa. Chokwadika, muupenyu hwake, Mai Zeigarnik akaita, zvakawanda vakashanda mutevedzeri L. S. Vygotskogo ari neuropsychiatric kiriniki iri Institute of experimental Medicine. Zvisinei, basa rake rokutanga, kudzidza uye akazaruka kunyika pane muduku, wava mupiro zvinokosha kuti Gestalt zvepfungwa mazuva ano.

Tandem Russian kwepfungwa uye Berlin hweta

Sepakutanga akataura, mugumisiro Zeigarnik yakavhurwa ne Ms. chiremba apo achiri mudzidzi. Kunze kwaiva nemakore 20 remakore rechimakumi maviri, uye musikana Blum mumazuva iwayo aiva Intern ari mwenje zvemamiriro zvepfungwa pamusoro Kurt Lewin. Sezvineiwo kamwe chiremba mukuru uye musayendisiti akasarudza kushanyira mumwe ungana cafes German dzose, achikoka kuti mudzidzi wake Zeigarnik. Kubata chiito mberi somumwe mitemo Gestalt zvepfungwa akaberekwa mudzidzi musoro pazuva, sezvo zvakaitika kuti zvinotevera zvikonzero.

Kana hweta akasvika, haana kunyora rimwe chete shoko kubva yakazivisa mazita vaenzi varayirwa, asi panguva imwe chete mukasakangamwa zvachose, uye pashure imwe nguva paiva ndiro patafura. Kushamiswa tisaone kukwanisa kushumira mushandi, Blum akati Volfovna ndangariro yakanaka kwazvo hweta. Zvisinei, iye akati haana kuedza kunyora. Ipapo Zeigarnik akabvunza hweta kudana kuti akarayira vanhu pamatafura, izvo akashanda asati - uye asingagoni zvakazara kurangarira kuti, dzichishandisa yakazara nevanhu Datenroku.

Miedzo rokutanga chinonakidza kuti inosimbisa

Ukatadza nyaya iyi uye kutsvaka rutsigiro rwake kwesayenzi, kwapera nguva Zeigarnik Blum pamwe shamwari yake uye waanodzidza Mary Ovsyankina takasarudza abate mumwe yakawanda ruzivo.

The experimental zvinhu zvaisanganisira mumwe boka revanhu uyo chinangwa chakagadzwa rezvedzidzo mabasa. Muchiitiko chino, vamwe vanhu akakwanisa kugadzirisa dambudziko zvachose, asi chii vamwe hwakakanganiswa, zvichiita zvisingaiti kupedza basa. Somugumisiro, gare gare pabvunzo mazuva mashoma vakabvunzwa pamusoro zviri mabasa, uye vaya chete vasingagoni kuagadzirisa kuburikidza kuyeuka zvakajeka mabasa ezvinhu. Fani iyi inonzi "Zeigarnik mugumisiro". Kana - nenzira yakasiyana - kubata chiito mberi.

Zeigarnik zvazviri, kana kuti kushandisa nheyo wakakwana

Ose mupfungwa Fani Inoshanda mafomu ayo muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, saka kakawanda mumwe wedu uchitambudzika kubva zvinokonzerwa isina kupera maitiro, hwega amene asingagamuchirwi ndangariro pamusoro imwe chiitiko.

Hapana anoda chokwadi. Asi munyika yanhasi, vanoshambadzira zhinji uye telemarketers vanoshandisa kubata chiito mberi kuitira kuti vaenderere nhumbi web mapeji, uye chete terevhizheni zvokushambadza.

Ungazviita sei? Panyaya kushambadza padandemutande mapeji, kazhinji musi nomureza akashandisa chete anokosha zvirevo kufadza mutengi. Zvisinei, vari yakagadzirirwa nenzira yakadaro kuti sokuti konekwa. Saka, vanoshandisa pawebsite, mukusaziva kudzivisa migumisiro incompleteness, zvokusumwa, uye kugamuchira mashoko matsva. Panyaya iyi Data achaparadzwa vawana nani zvikuru nokuti paiva musimboti wakakwana.

Uye ikozvino zvamunokumbira, uye nei vamwe terevhizheni kushambadza inongogara kugadzira mu kuyeuka? Uye isu achapindura iwe; ndizvo chete chikonzero, nezvaizoitwa incompleteness. Kazhinji sefa kusvika kwatiri Treatment vagadziri, mumwe Nhaurirano Fafitera, iva nechokwadi kuti kusanganisa mubvunzo kuti, chaizvoizvo, dzakawanda zvose, uye akarangarira.

Chiitiko kuti incompleteness parudo

Kazhinji, tinogona kukanganwa nezvazvo kana kuti munhu, wakange kudanana kana ushamwari, tuzvikonzero pachavo uye kusarudza tuzvikonzero akasiyana mupfungwa migumisiro. Zeigarnik ringaitei kutsanangura yakawanda kutambura hapana ukama, kunyanya kana pakanga pasina pachena kuparadzana uye pfuma pakati vakaroorana chikamu.

Naizvozvo inokurudzirwa zvakasimba kwete kuparadzana aimbova vanoda pafoni kana paIndaneti. The aggrieved bato havazokwanisi kuziva magumo, zvose pamusoro, uye chiitiko ichi zvisakakwana kuchaita vanovanda ari munhu subconscious, pasina achisunungura mufananidzo ekare anoda.

Izvi zvinoshandawo ukama kuti vanoparadzwa pamusana pakarepo kure pakati vanhu. Somuenzaniso, kana mumwe hafu anoenda kushanda rimwe guta, uye zvishoma nezvishoma kurega nomudiwa, kuva chokwadi ichipaza kumusoro munhu. Zvikasadaro, kwakadaro "nyarara" zororo anogona inorwadza zvazvinoita subconscious pfungwa atadzirwa.

Sei kuziva Zeigarnik zvazviri uye kurwisa sei?

Pashure kuverenga nyaya ino, vamwe ungadaro vakatanga kufunga, uye regai akapamba upenyu hwako kana iri kubata chiito mberi? Ngatiedzei kunzwisisa.

Chokwadi chokuti pane zvimwe zviratidzo, kufanana vakawanda zvirwere, iyo inoratidza chenguva cyclic dzemitemo incompleteness muupenyu hwako:

• kana uchinzwa kugara hanya pasinei coherence upenyu, basa rakanaka uye kuva nemhuri;
• kana upenyu hwako pachako hahusi zvakare uye zvakare kuti asingazivikanwi nezvikonzero iwe;
• kana iwe vanowanzofungisisa kunze pachavo kuenderera mberi mamwe mashoko interlocutor;
• kana uchifunga kuti zvakawanda danho pamusoro chete hara.

The pamusoro Zviratidzo - ichi hachisi zviratidzo zvenguva dzose muupenyu kukundikana. All matambudziko nhema mukati murume pachake. Imi chete vanofanira usvinudze maziso edu kuti chokwadi dzimwe nguva kurwadza chaizvo uye uongorore zvakare aripo konekwa mamiriro ezvinhu.

Uye hakuna kurapwa usingafaniri, uye kutsvaka shamwari akwegura uye kupedza konekwa bhizimisi hachisi zvakakodzera. Just musoro zvawo, rave nguva refu, uye mamiriro ezvinhu inguva regai kuenda, hamutsvaki mumwe munhu kuti tuzvikonzero uye kuzvidemba. Muchaona - upenyu ichava nyore. Just musunungurwe.