Yak-42D - ndege inofamba pfupi-pfupi: maitiro uye kuongororwa

Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemapurisa epamba, ayo zuva rimwe nerimwe anomuka mumhepo pamusoro pedu nyika yedu, uye kwete vose avo vanofananidzwa zvakafanana kumadhorobha emaguta. Saka, vashomanana zvikuru vanhu vanoziva pamusoro pemuenzaniso we Yak-42D. Iyo motokari yakasiyana, inokodzera kutarisirwa.

Yak-42 mumazuva edu

Ndege inodhura kushandiswa kwezvikepe zveSaratov airways. Hapana chinhu chinoshamisa, chaiva muSaratov kuti kuvaka kwekufambisa kwakagadzwa panguva yakakodzera. Mukuwedzera kune Saratov yekufambisa kwemafirimu, Yak-42D inoonekwa muDododedovo. Ikambani yekufambisa ndege ine motokari 14 muzvikepe zvayo, 4 pakuchengetedza.

Kutakura kuri mumapaki emakambani:

• "KrasAvia";
• "IzhAvia";
• "Tulpar-Air";
• "Kutyisa Avia";
• Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation.

Kwakanga kune Yakut (ndege) uye mubasa naG Gazprom Avia, asi munguva pfupi ikambani yakasiya zvachose kushandiswa kwayo. Motokari dzakawanda dzinofamba kunyange kune dzimwe nyika: kuChina, Pakistan neIran, kuCuba.

Chokwadi kubva pane zvakaitika

Yak-42 kubva kuYakovlev Design Bureau yakagadzirwa kubva muna 1972 kusvika muna 1980. Chinangwa chacho ndechokuti tishandure TU-134 - ndege yakanaka, asi yakakurumidza kukura. 1988 yakaratidzwa nekutanga kwekugadzirwa kwemashure kwemuenzaniso mutsva - Yak 42D. Imotokari yakakunda nekuwedzera kutora-kurema uremu uye kureba kwemaodzanyemba.

Imhizha iyi yakabudisa ndege 183 dzekushandurwa uku. Zvimwe zvacho zvakagadzirwa kuti zviongorwe simba. 11 yakavakwa mukati me 1977-1981. Pachigadzirwa chekutengesa ndege muSmolensk, 172 yakaitwa paSaratov Aircraft Plant. Yak - ndege yacho yakavimbika, asi kuvakwa kwayo kwakagumiswa. Izvi zvakaitika muna 2003. Iko yakanga yakatogadzirwa fusages yemapurisa, iyo yakanga isingafanirwi kuenda kumugwagwa, yakasungirwa zvikafu.

Sezvo basa racho raive rokuita Yak-42 semhepo shomanana yokufambisa ndege, yakagadzirirwa nechitarisiko chemaerodromes akasiyana-siyana. Imotokari haifaniri kutora nzira yakareba yekutora kana nzvimbo yakakura yekukwira, iyo inowanzoenderana neBeing ne Airbus. Izvo zvakagadzirwa zvakabvumira kudzivisa kushandiswa kwechikwata chemhepo.

Ndege Feature

MuIvory Yakovlev Design Bureau, mahwendefa ega aircraft akagadzirwa. Zvinowanzoita kuti vashandi ve hangar vauye pa slang. Kushumira bhodhi rakadaro ibasa rakaoma. Sezvaunoziva, Saratov Aircraft Factory yakatanga kuvharwa, uye yakanyarara zvachose. Zviri pachena, iyo yakagadzirwa, kusanganisira kugadzirisa kits, zvikamu zvitsva, zvinorega. Asi rudo rwebasa rake rinobatsira ma mechanics kuti aunze "Yaki" kakawanda mumamiriro ezvinhu anogutsa - uye motokari dzinodzokazve kumugwagwa.

Kana iwe ukaverenga nezve Yak-42D kuongororwa, ichasiya pfungwa yokuti motokari haisi yakanaka, saka kumira kwekugadzira hakusi chiitiko chakaipa zvakadaro. Inowanzotaurwa kuti kutakura kwekushanda kwakange kusingagoneki. Kunyange zvakadaro, tarisiro dzakanga dzisiri dzakaipa. Vagadziri vakaronga matanho anotevera:

• Dzorera injini nenzira yakanyatsoshanda;
• Kuisa zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvebhazi;
• Lengthenze nyaya yacho kuti igare kune vamwe vatakuri.

Mutongo wokupedzisira unoshandiswa nenzira ye Yak-42M. Imotokari inoshumira vatengesi 168 panguva yekufamba.

Zvisinei, kuziva kuti pfungwa iyi yakakundikana. Asi mhinduro dzeavo vanoramba vachikwira ku Yak-42 vanotaura zvechokwadi kuti ndege yacho ichiri yakanaka, pasinei nekunyatsoona.

Chokwadi chinofadza

Yak-42 ine injinpical injini - basa rinongororwa risingachinji. Izvi zvinokubvumira kudyara chikwata pamutambo wakadzika kwazvo, haifaniri dzimwe nzira dzokufambisa zvinomhanya, kunze kwemabheki akavakwa muchitsikisi, uye rubatsiro rwephiko rakagadzirwa nemichina.

MuGeorgia, muRustavi, ndege yakangofanana Yak-42 (imwe nzira yekutakura YAK-40) yakanyorwa, yakashandurwa ikazarurwa mukati megoroke.

YAK-42D inoratidzwa mumimhanzi. Saka, Sergei Minaev, kunyora parodyi rwiyo rukuru rweSweden, akanyora mitsara inotevera:

"Kana ndege dzisina kubhururuka mumamiriro okunze akaipa - hazvina basa,

"Era" haagoni, uye "Yaki" - hongu. "

Uye haisi mashoko asingasviki, nokuti zvinodiwa kune nzvimbo yekuchengetedza uye mamiriro okunze, "Yakov" yakanyanya kuderera.

Iye zvino izvi hazvisati zvarangarirwa, asi makumi emakore adarika pane purojekiti yekutakura ndege yakabva Yak-42.

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana

Yak-42D ndege dzakasiyana-siyana dzinosiyana zvishoma kubva pakusangana kuenda kuungano. Izvi zvinowanzoenderana nekuve mukirasi ye ndege:

• VIP;
• Rubatsiro rukuru.

Kusiyana kukuru mukati megadziriro yeimba yevatambi. Ipaji yeVIP inosanganisira:

• Saloni yemisangano;
• Rest room;
• Chikoro cheSaroni 1;
• Saloni yekufambisa.

Neyo mutakuri mukuru, imwe nzvimbo yekamuri yakagadzirirwa swivel armchair uye sofa yezvigaro zviviri, zvinogona kuwedzerwa kuva muvete zvakakwana. Kune tefura inoshanda (mahwende kana zvichidikanwa), wadhirobe uye imba yekugezera yega yega.

Imba yakakonzerwa yemisangano ine zvigaro zvitanhatu, zvinogona kutenderedzwa pese salon. Kune tafura huru, sofa mbiri, yakagadzirirwa vanhu 7. Kune vhidhiyo yekukurukurirana nzira uye kuwanika kune foni.

Saroni yekirasi yekutanga yakagadzirirwa zvigaro zvechigaro zvezvigaro zviviri, zvakakamurwa kuva matombo. Zvose zvinodzivirira 4. Pakati pavo zvinowanikwa kufungidzira matafura (zvidimbu zviviri). Iboka iri rinopinda munzvimbo yakasarudzwa, yakagadzirirwa kuendeswa panguva imwe chete yevanhu 18.

Muchikwata chepamusoro-zhinji yeYAK-42D, imba yacho inofarira ndege huru, yakashongedzerwa nebhokisi, michina yekicheni yakaiswa. Zvombo zveVIP zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvekupedzisira zvekufamba, kuongorora, uyewo maredhiyo evanhu vekupedzisira. YAK-42 iri kubhururuka, yakashongedzerwa nehurongwa hwemhuri, kune motokari kune dzimwe nyika dzekutonga zvigaro.

Nhanho mberi: YAK-42A

Kuvandudza pfungwa ye Yak-42D yaive Yak-42A. Serial production yakatanga muna 1999. Mukuenzanisa nemuenzaniso wekare wakavandudzwa:

• Mukova wekupedzisira;
• Bhuku rinoshandiswa system;
• Kureba kwekugadzirwa kweAppU (imwe nhanho - 5 km);
• Flap fixing system.

Gedhi rekumucheche rakapa vafambi kupinda kumagariro emagariro uye mazuva ano kutengesa teseksiki kwakagadzirirwa munharaunda dzose dzezvikepe. Nzvimbo yakagadzirika yemapapiro yakagadzirisa kushanda kwechikwata. Mishumo yekufambisa uye zvigadzirwa zvemotokari zvakaita kuti zvive nyore kushandisa ndege iri munzira uye kunze kwenyika.

Yak-42D: zvigadzirwa zvemhizha

Ndege ine zviyamu zvinotevera:

• Mapanga ari murefu we 34.88 m;
• Mutsara wakanyanyisa uri 10.8 m;
• Kureba kwemotokari 36.38 m;
• Munzvimbo yekupaka yakareba ye 9.83 m.

Yakisi Yak-42D inozivikanwa nezvinodiwa:

• Track 5.63 m;
• Nheyo ye 18,786 m.

Ndege mu classical configuration yakagadzirirwa kutakura vatasviki zana, VIP-version yeimwe ndege inosvika kupfuura vanhu 49.

Kubva mundiro kuenda kunzvimbo yekutonga

Yak-42D - serial, yakaedzwa nguva. Izvi zvaive zvakasarudzwa nesarudzo yevakagadziri, avo vakagadzirirwa basa rekuita nzvimbo yepamamiriro ekunze yakakwanisa kuunganidza dambudziko mumamiriro ekunze munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemhepo. Kuvakwa kwemotokari yevatakari kunosanganisira vashandi vemuti. Myasishchev.

Basa racho raida kubviswa kwemasviki pamusoro pendiza, inopa kuchengetedzwa kwakasimba. Kuti ndege iomirire zvose zvitsva zvitsvakurudzo, zvakanga zvakakodzera kupedzisa mapironi matanhatu pamapapiro. Iyo fuselage yakafukidzwa nemaitiro akasiyana-siyana, zvigadzirwa zvekuverenga ruzivo pamusoro pemhepo. Zhinji dzazvo dzinoshandiswa mubasa re lidar, kuenzanisa kuti zvakajeka sei mweya.

Zvose zviyero zvemamiriro okunze ekubhururuka kwebhururu zvinokwana matani 7. Muchikwata pane mutengesi, bhuku rinotungamirira nekunyora pasi izvo zvinogona kusiyaniswa nekuonekwa kwevanhu: mamiriro ekunze, zviitiko zvepakati rakapoteredza. Munda wekuona unowedzerwa ne blisters yeplexiglas. Vakagadziri vakazvivakira pamativi ose maviri. Kuisa musoro wake mumubhedha, unogona kuona zvose zviri kuitika zvakapoteredza motokari.

Zvinotaridzika, sei uchigadzira nzvimbo yepamusoro ye Yak-42D? Zvose izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa kubva pane satellite, zvinonyanya kukosha here? Asi ma satellites anobhururuka zvakasimba nenzira inotenderera, nepamhanho huru, ari kure nechepasi penyika. Asi ndege iri pamusoro peimwe nzvimbo, kutonga mhepo. Dhiyabhorosi kubva kune satellite inofanira kuongororwazve, asi ndege inokubvumira kuwana mashoko akakwana. Izvo zvinobatsira zvakakosha zvakagadziriswa kukurudzirwa kwechinhu chakasiyana-siyana chemamiriro ekunze. Pakupedzisira, ndege yacho yakagadzirwa nehurongwa hwekusunungurwa kwesirivha yeododhi munharaunda, iyo inoita kuti mvura iwedzere.