World madhaimani musika

Chii chaunoziva pamusoro madhaimani pamusika? Ndezvipi romugove uye kudiwa matombo aya? Maiziva kuti wegore Vhoriyamu mangoda ari mabhiriyoni masere emadhora pamusoro mangoda - gumi bhiriyoni, uye zvishongo navo - mabhiriyoni makumi mashanu? Usakanganwa kuti nedhaimani - ndiwo yakatsvuka zvinhu, nedhaimani - Semi-rapera uye zvishongo - rakapera zvigadzirwa. Zvisinei, isu funga mubvunzo uyu zvishoma.

madhaimani musika - kudiwa umbozha nhumbi

Where kutanga? Diamond musika - chinhu kuti mafeni vakawanda vanofarira zvakasiyana-siyana hwomutambarakede nhumbi (kwete chete inoshanda ounyanzvi, Antiques, zvipfeko kubva vagadziri wakakurumbira, mutambarakede anonhuwira). Kudiwa mangoda anoratidzwa pashure waguta zvinodiwa nevanhu muzvinhu zvinokosha. Saka, havana kuwana navo, ave mutemo, munyika zvemari akura. Kune yemadhayamondi deposits munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzenyika yose. Nenzira dzakawanda munharaunda nyika zvishoma dzakabudirira.

Akaoma nzira matombo

Chinotevera Chinhu chinofanira akati pamusoro nedhaimani pamusika. Izvi zvinoshanda gwara mabwe, nguva imwe neimwe vakazvipira nzvimbo yavo pamberi isapinde mumaoko yokuguma user. Uye nzira iyi inopfuura nzendo dzakawanda.

Rokutanga kutsvaka, ubanguranyika uye kuongorora zviri dhipoziti. Wechipiri - iri dzokubudisa kuti mangoda ari mugodhi uye vapfume. The wechitatu - iri commodification kuti ine mangoda ari Sorting uye kuongorora. Wechina - iri kwemangoda kutengeserana mbishi zvinhu zviri nesekondari pamisika. Wechishanu - mu kwemangoda okurwadzisa. Wechitanhatu - mune zvokutengeserana. Wechinomwe - iri kugadzirwa zvishongo. Worusere - vari kutengeserana kare zvishongo (Wholesale uye chitoro).

Danho rimwe nerimwe rine chinangwa chawo. Saka, "almazozavod" uye vanofanira kushanda sezvo rimwe hurongwa.

zvokushandisa havabvumirwi

Asi usakanganwa, uye zvakawanda pamusoro chinhu. Diamond musika iri zvakananga ndezvokungotevedzera pfuma yavo. Asi, nhamo, vane shoma. Naizvozvo, pane kusimba kuramba makwikwi pakati munyika dzakawanda vari kugadzirwa zvinhu izvi uye kutsvaka kwavo kwaunenge.

Munguva ichangopfuura, yakawanda kuchinjai kuitika munyika yose kwemangoda pamusika. It chokuita dzinotsanagura kukura munyika hana dzavanhu, kusangana pakati rinoti kugadzirisa dambudziko kubvisa mumvuri upfumi, kudyidzana kwenyika dzepasi pose.

Diamonds conditionally rakakamurwa hwokugadzira uye zvishongo. First kushandiswa zvisingawanzoitiki kuchera mbiru, kushandiswa munharaunda noutsinye zvikuru. Wechipiri - roga, nokuti zvaAtemisi mangoda.

kuchera nzvimbo

Diamond nyika musika kunotsamira zvinoverengeka pamusoro. Pakutanga kubva panzvimbo kugadzirwa yavo. Nhasi, vari zvinogadzirwa munyika dzinopfuura makumi maviri nezvitanhatu. Asi zvose makondinendi harimiri hakunganzverwi minda yavo. The chikuru Vhoriyamu munyika mashomanana kubvumira dzokubudisa. It - Australia, Namibia, Congo, South Africa, Angola, Canada, Russia uye Botswana.

nedhaimani makambani

Ngatimbotaura pamusoro majors. Munyika musika nedhaimani inozivikanwa kunyanya nokuda makambani mu "Bi-eich Pi Billiton", "Rio Tingo", "De Pierce," uye, Chokwadi, "ALKOROSA". Zvisinei, munyika dzakawanda chepamusoro okupedzisira vachangobva akarasikirwa zvishoma. Kunyange zvakadaro, mumwe kukwanisa kuvandudza, akakwanisa kuponesa. Kazhinji, ari pedo izwi kubva "ALKOROSA" ungatarisira yakawanda mberi.

Russia - a mukwikwidzi simba

Zvino zvakananga pamusoro Russian Federation. Diamond pamusika Russia ndiyo wenguva ubatanidzwe ino. Imboona 2011. Panguva iyi isu aivigirwa vanenge mamiriyoni matatu carats ose kutsauka risina kugerwa mangoda. Zvakanaka, ndizvo - mabhiriyoni matatu US emadhora. Huru importers muRussia - India, Israel uye Belgium. Kunyange Russian anotenga mangoda ari Brazil kana Guinea.

Kazhinji, Russia - mumwe akasimba vakwikwidzi kuti nyika dzakawanda. Kunyange zvazvo ... "Alrosa" kambani panguva dambudziko, oneka kusiyana. Chii? ..

Munguva dambudziko,

Diamond pamusika uye mhando yayo kusimbiswa iyi. Vanotungamirira ichi, Mapoka maviri - "De Pierce" (South Africa), uye "ALROSA". Nemhaka kwavari mamiriyoni 133 carats kuti ine mangoda vakanga mined muna 2011. Yaipedzerwa yaiva mabhiriyoni 12.3 US emadhora. Not kufungisisa mangoda achitengeswa miners pamutemo. Annual pre-dambudziko Kugadzirwa yomuropa ranged kubva 150 kusvika mamiriyoni 160 carats. Muna 2008-2009, kugadzirwa ine mangoda kwave kuderedzwa makambani rose. Kusara "ALROSA". Maererano nedzimwe zvemagariro mitoro, kambani akamanikidzwa kushanda "iri kuerera". To musi, nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti pre-dambudziko zvese zvichava kuitwa 2017. Wakafupisa inogadzirwa Mavhoriyamu uchadzoreredzwa.

zvirongwa zvitsva

Diamond pamusika uye upfumi - zviviri kufanana zvinhu. Funga guru idzva guru-pamwero mapurojekiti, izvo zvinofanira kuuya nyika inenge mamiriyoni 23 carats ose mbishi zvinhu.

Wokutanga - a "Gacho weKew." It riri kuchamhembe Canada. Production vanokwanisa anenge mamiriyoni 6 carats ne 2020.

Wechipiri - "zita Karpinski chubhu." Zvinowanikwa iri Arkhangelsk mudunhu. The chirongwa iri chikamu kwe "ALROSA". Kukura kunosanganisira kugadzirwa vanenge mamiriyoni 5 carats gore negore.

Wechitatu - "Bandar". It yaiva India. Achatanda okuwana vanenge mamiriyoni 5 carats gore negore.

"Danho rechipiri" The chekambani

Nedhaimani pamusika upfumi hwenyika ichazivikanwa noku "kusvetuka" zviratidzo. Uye basa rinokosha racho kukura, uye boka inoitawo kuti 'Danho rechipiri ". Kunyange vaya vane ruzivo rokutanga kwemangoda migodhi.

Somuenzaniso, "mashoko Grib Pipe". Pakutanga kwaiva akatengeswa kambani wokuRussia mafuta "LUKOIL". Zvisinei, kuti zvevakomana, izvozvo kuikurukura tisingatungamirirwi.

The zvazvingava pagore madhaimani kurimwa muna 2016 vaigona kusvika mamiriyoni 170 carats. Zvisinei, mumakore akatevera, kugadzirwa vachamuka zvishoma. Pakazosvika 2020, izvozvo kuchawedzera chete mumwe 5 miriyoni carats. Chokwadi chokuti mumatanda vari zvino kushanda kunze zvishoma kwezvinoshandiswa. Asi zvikuru mabasa matsva hapana zvakawanda.

Uyezve, nyanzvi dzinoti kunyange kana munguva yemberi iri pedyo vachawanikwa mutsva nedhaimani yangu, regadziriro uye ubanguranyika zvinhu zvichiri kutora nguva yakawanda. Kuti, kubudikidza 2020, zvizere hachina kuchinja zvikuru.

budiriro pezviitiko

The musika pamusoro mangoda ari, pfungwa, vanogona kusiyanisa uye zvakanaka zviratidzi hereinafter. Nekuti zvose hakubvi chete dzinoitwa vatungamiriri kugadzirwa kugona. A rinokosha iri kuridzwa ne chidzoke idzva nedhaimani-mugodhi kumatunhu. Great zvinogona kugadzirwa guru zvemaBhaibheri ine mangoda ndiwo Democratic Republic of Congo uye Zimbabwe. Kana mamiriro ezvinhu enyika nechokumusoro, vachakwanisa kuita kuti madhaimani pamusika chinhu mupiro chinokosha zvikuru neimwe munyika idzi. Pakazosvika 2020, kugadzirwa nyika anogona kuwedzera mamiriyoni 209 carats.

Netariro kuitika anofungidzira uyewo kuwedzera makuru nevatengi mari, zveEl GDP yose nokukurumidza (kupfuura 3.9%). Nokudaro, kudiwa ine mangoda vanogona kukura nokuda 2020 kusvika mamiriyoni 371 carats.

Kunyange zvazvo nyanzvi funga zvikuru kuchinja nzira uye musika kukura. Panyaya iyi, zvikuru vagadziri kuunza kugadzirwa pa zvizere vachikwanisa havazokwanisi kuti nokuda akaoma mamiriro zvoupfumi uye michina zvikonzero. World kwemangoda Kugadzirwa achagara kuruoko ano pamwero kwenguva yakati. Asi kutanga kusviba zvishoma nezvishoma. Pakazosvika 2020, izvozvo kuchasvika mamiriyoni 127 carats. Zvisinei, pasinei pakukura muchiitiko, akatevera 10 makore, maererano nyanzvi, pamusika pose anotarisira kuperevedza kutsauka mangoda. Musiyano vachapiwa akafunga chete mavhoriyamu.

Pari, musiyano uri pakati pomugove uye kudiwa mangoda ari kukura. Pakazosvika 2020, ari dhefisiti isvike nedhaimani carats mamiriyoni 72. Uye - hafu kugadzirwa munyika.

Chimwe chikuru vatambi panyika kwemangoda musika ndiye Russia. Pagore aivigirwa kumwe, dzakawanda namabwe. Export ari kukura. Vazhinji mangoda zvose muRussia akawana Belgium. Uchiteverwa Israel (nyika yose gore akatenga mafungu mangoda munokosha inenge $ mamiriyoni 300). matombo akawanda anowanawo uye India.

Zviya, Russia pacharo anotenga kumwe mangoda. Bhuku kupinzwa Russian rakawedzera pagore. Mabwe yakatengwa muna Guinea, Belgium, United Arab Emirates.

Vazhinji mangoda ose kambani "ALROSA" (vanopfuura 90% of nhamba) kuRussia mugodhi. Maererano nokufungidzira ari boka muna 2020 kudyiwa mishonga pamwe nengoda munyika kuchasvika mamiriyoni 128 emadhora. Kunyanya zvichadaro muna USA (45%), China (26%), India (20%), Japan (10%).

On yemadhayamondi kunze kwenyika kubva kuRussia vari makambani marezenisi dzakawanda. Izvi - "ALROSA", "ALROSA-Nyurba", "Severalmaz", "Diamonds pamusoro Anabar", "Lower Lena", "Uralmaz", "Almazuvelirexport". The Kudeuka Russian mugadziri uye ekisipota kuti vakagadzirira akagadzirwa zvigadzirwa kubva mangoda (mangoda) ndiye Smolensk PA "Crystal". Akawana "Crystal" 60% kuti mangoda kubva kambani "ALROSA", 4% kubva ine mangoda - kambani "De Pierce," vamwe matombo - ari pamusika dzisiri (kusanganisira, uye panguva dzakawanda paIndaneti Auktionen).

Saka, aunganidze pamwe zvabuda. Zvichida munhu panyika asingadi kuuya zvikafadza runako uye Kupenya mangoda. Chokwadi, ichi ndicho - nacho chaicho! Diamond kwezvishongo rutsvene mukurumbira zvikuru, pasinei nokuti mari kwavari, haasi munhu wose anogona. Zvisinei, matombo zvinhu munyika zviri shoma. Nguva ichangopfuura, kwave kune zvakawanda zvinokosha kuchinja yose kwemangoda pamusika. Chimiro chavo yakanga kufurirwa siyana pezvakaitwa - .. Kudyidzana, kuti mubatanidzwa zviito kunyika pakurwisa ugandanga uye mumvuri upfumi, nokusimbaradza uye kukura munyika kuziva, etc. Saka, mumwe mufananidzo itsva nedhaimani pamusika. Hutungamiri ari kwemangoda indasitiri ndezvevanhu makambani kusuma yemhando yokutengesa unyanzvi, kusanganisa mabasa avo vertically.