VVVs pamatairi ekudzvinyirirwa: photo

Munzvimbo ipi zvayo yenyika, pane nzvimbo iyo migwagwa isati yaiswa, uko zvisingabviri kuidzikisa kana kusina kukodzera. Asi, kufungidzira sezvazvinonzwika, pane imwe nzira yekufamba-famba nenyika yakadaro. Uye vanhu vakawana nzira yekubuda mamiriro ezvinhu ikozvino - yakagadzirwa ATVs. Kubvira pakuonekwa kwavo, marudzi mazhinji akasikwa - mutoro, mutasvi, ane maitiro akasiyana-siyana emabasa, pamakwara uye pamakumbo.

Nhoroondo yechitarisiko

Mushonga wokutanga, uyo wakakwanisa kukunda chando, wakabuda muna 1912 uchivonga munyanzvi weRussia Kuzin. Akanga aine zvikanganiso zvake - motokari yepamusoro-soro yaigona kungoyambuka pamapani, kukwira kuduku kwaive kwakanyanya kwaari.

Nguva inotevera mukuvandudzika kwaive mberi kwekurwisana kwehondo. Kumusoro kuchamikisa motokari kuisa mataire makuru kubva kumakori. Saka pakanga pane caracas. Izvi, iwe unogona kutaura, ndiyo yekutanga motokari yemotokari pamadhora mashoma. Vakanyatsoita basa remotokari pavanenge vachifamba nechando chando kana kuyambuka polynya. Vanokurumidza kusvika 50 km / h.

Imotokari yekutanga yekuenda-yemugwagwa yaiva yekuvandudzwa kweApptictrans - Nara. Nokuda kwezvisikwa zvaro, gumbo rechikwama chaishandiswa - chisina kumira. Zvisinei, iyo inogadzirwa nemabhizimisi inoshandisa mufananidzo "Arctic". Iine imba yakagadzirirwa kubva kuchiteshi chemotokari chemauto ehondo. Uye mushure mezvo nguva yekusika motokari dzinokwanisa kukurira kusagadzikana kwakatanga.

Mukuwedzera kune zvirikuitika mumagetsi ekugadzira mabhizimisi uye mabhizimisi ekugadzira mashizha, vhizimisi nemotokari dzese-dzenyika pamatombo asingadzvinyiriri zvakasikwa nemaoko avo pachawo. Nokuda kweizvi, miviri yeVAZs yepamusha yakashandiswa (kazhinji kazhinji), asi mamwe mhando yakatanga kushanda.

Zvechokwadi, nhamba huru yezviitiko uye motokari dzese-nzvimbo dzakagadzirwa muU.SR uye kuRussian Federation. Mune dzimwe nyika mune dzimwe mhando dzinofanirwa kutarisirwa, asi kune vashoma kwazvo, uye haisi chokwadi chokuti ivo vari nani kune veRussia - zita remuiti rinongobatsira chete.

Zvigadziri zvinowanikwa

Izvo zvinokonzerwa nekuputika kwechando zvinotsanangurwa kwete chete nechepasi-kutengesa mataire emakona makuru. Mushure mezvose, SUVs inowanikwa, yakagadzirirwa kuenda kune imwe kunze kweguta, haikwanise kukurira maruva, nzizi kana chando. VVVs pamatairi ekudzivirira-pasi vanewo mufananidzo wakaiswa. Iyi nzira yekugadzirisa inobvumira mavhiri kumira panzvimbo ipi neipi nekuremekedzana. Izvi, zvakare, zvinosimbisa kugadzikana kwaro uye zvinodzivisa kudengenyeka munzvimbo yakanyanyisa. Chinhu chechipiri chinowanikwa kune vakwegura chaivo pamakumbo.

Mhando dzechando motokari uye mabhogi

VVV pamatairi ekudzvinyirirwa pasi zvakaparadzaniswa nerudzi rwakadai sezvizvi:

1. Pamusoro pemafuta anoshandiswa - petroli uye dizeli.
2. Pane mikana yekukunda zvipingamupinyi zvakasiyana-siyana - nyika uye amphibians.
3. Pachikumbiro chavanotakura, mutoro, vatakura-uye-vanofamba, matareta nemigwagwa-zvitima.
4. Maererano nechimiro chemuti iyo muviri unowedzerwa - yakataurwa, yakataurwa, pane imwe fomu.

Chero motokari yemugwagwa inofanirwa kusarudzwa inofanira kusarudzwa maererano nenzvimbo uye mamiriro ayo ichashandiswa. Haasi ose maVVV ane mavhiri anogona kuonekwa mumigwagwa yevanhu vose.

Kubatsirwa kweAVV mavhiri

Nguva yekusashandiswa kwekusarura kwezvinhu zvakasikwa zvakapfuura. Kuti kuchengetedza mamiriro ehupenyu, kuedza kukuru kuri kuitwa kuti uite. Uye iyo yakakosha zvikuru yevhiri rakasvibiswa nechando ndiyo matairi emotokari yose. Pamusana pekudzikisa kana kushandiswa kwepasi-pasi uye nzvimbo huru, havangokwanisa chete kufamba munyika yakaoma, asiwo zvekare hazvikuvadzi pasi pevharo. Izvozvo, ivhu nemiti zvinowanikwa zvakanyanya kukuvara.

Articontrans ATVs

Mhuri yakawanda yevashandi vechando ndiyo "Lopasnya". VVVs pamatairi ekudzivirira-pasi pasi pechigadzirwa ichi vakaratidza kuti vakavimbika kwazvo - mienzaniso iripo mukushanda kwemamiriro ezvinhu ayo asina kubviswa muna 1989. Basa ravo rakazara kwazvo - vanogona kufamba-famba nevhu, nzira yakashambwa yakashambwa, yakachera munda wakarima, chando, maruva, uye kukunda zvipingamupinyi zvemvura. Uyewo, vanogona kukunda zvipingamupinyi kusvika kusvika masendimita makumi mana pakureba uye nzvimbo dzakasviba dzenyika kusvika 87%.

"Lopasnya" inobudiswa ne whebases 4x4 uye 4x6 uye yakagadzirirwa masero maviri - yechando uye yezhizha. Izvo zvigadzirwa hazvikwanise kupfeka nekuda kwesimiriro yakasununguka, iyo inotora kushungurudzwa. Imba yemotokari yose inogadzirwa nenzira yakafanana ye fuselage ye ndege inogadzirwa neduralumin uye inodzivirira zvakakwana zvinhu zvose zvinokosha kubva mukukuvara.

Mukugadzira, zvikwata zveVAZ uye nzira dzakashandiswa, saka kuwana zvikamu zvekugadzirisa kana kugadzirisa hazvisi nyore. Pasinei nokuti "Lopasnya" ichando-barker, inofanirwa semhando yekurima uye haifaniri kuverengwa. Panguva imwechete inogona kuonekwa mumigwagwa yevanhu.

Nhamba-Auto-off-road motokari

Mhuri yemotokari "Strannik", yakakodzerwa nemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma ezvisikwa, inomiririrwa nekambani iyi. Mhando yekutanga yekutanga yakasunungurwa muna 2004 uye yakanga ine mafirimu matatu mafirimu akagadzirirwa mavaraidzo. Kusvika iye zvino, kambani inobereka "Wanderer-08" uye "Wanderer 10" (kuchinjwa kwemuenzaniso wekare).

Iyo motokari chikamu chemaviri, ine vashandi venguva refu uye mairi masere anofambisa mavhiri. Kutengesa kwakavakirwa kune analogyo ye "Niva", injini yeVAZ-2103 inoshandiswa sechigadzirwa chemasimba. Iyo midziyo yakazara inosanganisira chirongwa chekupemha kwepakati pamatairi - inogona kuitwa nenzira yakananga kubva pachigaro chemufambisi.

Kugadzikana kunopiwa nechepakati nzvimbo yakakura yemhepo, kureba kwemotokari uye kubuda kukuru kwemakumbo. Kupera kunowanikwa nekuda kwekushanda kwemakumi mashanu-centimita, pasi rakananga, nzvimbo huru yematairi uye kugadziriswa kwezvinetso mukati mavo. Nyaya dzakawanda dzemotokari dzese dzenyika dzinotorwa kubva mumagetsi eVAZ motokari, saka kana paine kuparara, kugadzirisa haisi dambudziko guru.

Imotokari inogona kutora vatasvi vanokwana 6, ine injini ye petrol, diski mabheki, yakagadzirwa nematangi maviri e39 litita, inomhanya kusvika 50 km / h panzvimbo dzakaoma, pamvura - 1.5 km / h.

"Matangi evhu haana kutya"

Pasi pemitemo yekutengeserana yakadaro, kutengesa nekusimudzirwa kweKAMAZ motokari kwakaitwa mumaguta akawanda eCIS. Uye zvechokwadi, mauto ehondo nehurumende yefambisi yemotokari aive akaparidzirwa neyakanaka kwazvo yepamberi yenyika. Mukushandurwa kwechisarudzo, vanoshandiswa kutakura zvinhu kune zvinhu zviri kuvakwa, uye kwete munzvimbo dzose dzeRussia, asiwo kune dzimwe nyika dzeCIS yose. Mushonga wacho wakabudirira zvikuru uye wakavimbika zvokuti unoshandiswa kuzvinangwa zvechiuto, nekugadziriswa kwakakodzera, hongu.

Masoja ose-emotokari pamatombo asingadzvinyiriri (mapikicha anowanzoonekwa pane dzimwe nzvimbo) anoshandiswa kuita mabasa ekuzivikanwa. KAMAZ-43269 "Shot" (aka BPM-97) ine zvombo zvishoma, inogadzirwa mukugadziridzwa kwebhasibase 4x4 uye 6x6 ("Bulat"). Inofanirawo kuonekwa kufambiswa kwe "Dutu" - iyo yakatora zvose "Shot", uye "Bulat", uye mhuri "Mustang". Matairi paKAMAZ-ATV akagadzirwa radial uye ane kugadziriswa kwemhepo. Vanosunungurwa paP PO "Nizhnekamskshina".

Mupikisano weKAMAZ

Imwe motokari yeRussia yenzvimbo yakawedzera ndiyo Ural. Chinhu chaicho chinonyanya kushandiswa kushandiswa kunowanikwa mumamiriro ezvinhu emamiriro okunze akaipa, nyore nyore kwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvekugadzira zvigadzirwa uye zvikamu. Maintenance uye kugadzirisa haisi dambudziko. Muchidimbu, zvose zvinodiwa zvebhizimisi remauto.

Nzira dzomugwagwa "Ural" - motori ine wheelbase yakasiyana, zvichienderana nechinzvimbo. Iyo inoshandiswa zvose muhurumende uye zvehondo. Matairi pa "Ural" -offrange anogadzirwa pachigadziko chimwechete seKAMAZ.

Kuzvigadzirira - hazvirevi zvakaipa

Sezvo mutemo, kuitira kugadzira motokari dzese dzenharaunda pamatairi ekudzivirira-pasi nemaoko ega, ndiyo yekutanga pane zvose zvakakosha kusarudza mamiriro ekushanda. Iwe unogona kuwana mifananidzo, kana iwe ukatarisa zvakanaka. Inofanira kurangarirwa zvinotevera - sezvo injini iri nani kushandisa avo vanomanikidzirwa kugadziriswa (VAZ vakakwana), kusimudzirwa kuzvimiririra uye mataire makuru. Iwe unogona kuzvitenga, asi iwe unogonawo kuvaunza kumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka iwe pachako. Matairi anotakura emotokari yemigwagwa yose inoitwa nokuda kwekuti iwe haugone kuisa motokari yemhepo yechando pamakumbo engoro. Uye matairi ari pamotokari akadhura zvikuru kupfuura avo vakatozvigadzirira pamigwagwa.