Thyroid gland. Zviratidzo zvechirwere chine hyper- uye hypothyroidism yejeremusi gland.

Utachiona gland ndeimwe yezvinyorwa zvepachivande zvepachivande mukati, mahomoni ayo anorongedza zvirongwa zvemagetsi zvehupenyu hwose. Inowanikwa mumutsipa, mberi kwelarynx. Chiremera chemuviri uyu paavhareji chinobva pamasendimita makumi matatu kusvika ku40. Morphofunctional unit of the thyroid gland is follicular cells in which two hormone iodinated important are formed: thyroxine and triiodothyronine, uye imwe isiri iodinated - calcitonin. Basa rekushanda kwemahomoni aya nde:

• Kukurudzira kushingaira mumasero ezvinyorwa zvinogadzirisa;
• Mutemo wemvura, mafuta, mineral, makhahydrates, proteine metabolism;
• Kubatanidzwa mukukura uye kubudirira kwehupenyu hwose zvakakwana;
• Kufurikidza nebasa remutambo wenheyo.

Utachiona hutachiona, zviratidzo zvahwo hunokonzerwa nehupenzi hwaro kana hutachiona, huri pasi pekutonga kwepituitary-hypothalamic system. Hypothalamus, mukuru wepamusoro kana kuti kuderedza kweurouroendocrine system, uye adenohypophysis mumusimboti wemunhu ane hutano hwakakwana nokuda kwekuoma kwemaurochemical reactions inoita kuti utachiona hwetachiona huve hwakasimba. Inobva mubasa rakanyatsogadziriswa yezvinhu izvi zviviri zvakagadziriswa kuti kuwedzera kwekubudisa mahomoni muhutori hwehutori hwepamusoro nekuda kwekushaiwa kwavo kunofanirwa, pamwe nekuderera kwekugadzirwa kwavo apo mhuka inenge ichizadzwa nezvinhu izvi zvinokosha uye zvakafanira zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvehupenyu.

Utachiona hwehutachiona (zviratidzo zvechirwere, hutachiona hunoonekwa, kuburikidza nekurema kwekurema, kuputika kukuru uye kusununguka kwekutya), pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zvinodzora ropa reropa. Nokudaro, pamwe chete nezviratidzo zvepamusoro zvehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona, pane chimwe chinhu chinokosha - kuwedzera kunoramba kusingagadziki muropa, zvinonetsa kusimbisa hypotensive mishonga. Uyewo kune kuwedzera kwekugadziriswa kwechirongwa ichi, iyo chirwere chetrojeni, zviratidzo zvechirwere chacho munyaya iyi zvinomiririrwa nemakosveti anotevera:

• Kunzwa kwokudzvinyirira kwakawandisa;
• Kunetseka uye kusagadzikana mumutsipa;
• Kuchenesa kweruzhinji rwemukanda;
• Mawere emawere (Graves 'chirwere);
• Kurwiswa kwekutambudzika;
• Tachycardia, iyo inowedzera nekushanda kwakanyanya kuderera;
• Kurara kukanganisika;
• Low-grade fever;
• Kuwedzera kudya, izvo zvisingabatsiri kuti zvive nani;
• Kuramba kwezuva;
• Kukanganiswa kusina kukodzera, nezvimwewo.

Zvose izvi zvinoshanda sechinhu chinopenya chinyorwa chekupararira -toxic goiter, zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi hazvingakanganwiki zvokuti zvichava zvakaoma zvikuru kupesanisa tambo nezvimwe zvirwere. Mamiriro akasiyana zvakasiyana-siyana anoratidzirwa nekuderera kwechinhu chetachiona gland. Zviratidzo zvinopesana zvakanyanya: murwere ane usimbe, asina hanya, anotarisa, ane maziso "kushambira", murwere anogara achida kurara, kuda kudya kunoderedzwa, asi izvi hazvibatsire kutapudza. Mwoyo unofara, asi unononoka, unogara uchimbomira. Dzimwe nguva chirwere chetachiona, chine zviratidzo chinosanganiswa ne myxedema, chinogonawo kuwedzera zvishoma. Zvisinei, iyi hypertrophy haifambi mberi, sezvinonzi thyrotoxicosis.

Chinhu chinokosha chinowanikwa apo sclerosing the thyroid gland inoitika. Chiitiko chakafanana chakaitika mu autoimmune thyroiditis, iyo inonziwo "goiter yaHoshimoto", uyewo muusingaperi fibroid thyroiditis, kana kuti "Ridella's craw". Mugumisiro wekupedzisira wehutachiona hwehutachiona ndeye kuiswa kwechirwere chetachiona chetachiona nehutano hunobatana, izvo, zvechokwadi, hazvikwanisi kubereka mahomoni ehutori. Izvi zvirwere zviviri zvinotungamirira kukuremara kwevarwere. Vanofanira kugara vachiparadzaniswa kubva mune zvechiitiko.