The zvoupfumi sangano "Customs Union" ndiyo hwaro rwokugadzira mirayiro

Kubva zita pacharo, "tsika mubatanidzwa" inotungamirira vakagumisa kuti rudzi chibvumirano pakati zvinoverengeka inotaura. nyika chete vane tsika uye kodzero kupinda chero zvibvumirano.

The chidzoke netsika mibatanidzwa

Nechekare pakutanga ari XIX remakore, muna 1815, yakanga yakasainwa chibvumirano wokutanga zveupfumi uye akaritumidza Zollverein, hwokugadzira mirayiro anopa pakagadzwa akasununguka kutengeserana Prussia. Kubatsira nevakawanda zvoupfumi nzvimbo kwave kunyange kuzivikanwa zvino. Zvisinei, mukuru kushamwaridzana kwakadaro nezvenzvimbo Southern African Customs Union. nemirau Technical vari dzakabudirira kwenguva refu. It yakaumbwa 1889, uye sungano yokutanga yakasainwa chete muna 1910. Nokufamba kwenguva, vamwe rinoti munyika vakagumisa nemumwe zvakadaro mibatanidzwa yakavakirwa dzidzo kuti protectionism, kana kudzivirirwa mumusika inoumbwa wechitatu nyika.

dzinokosha mbuva yakagadzirwa, Codes dzakawanda uye michina nemirau yacho Customs Union. Kufungisisa Zvakaitika maviri emakore zviratidzo zvose izvi zviri kuvandudza dzose nguva kuumba mubatanidzwa yakwidzwa, vakawedzera uwandu vasabatanidzwe kuti nyaya.

Zvakanakira zvibvumirano zvakadaro

Kubvisa miganhu, pakatangwa pamusika imwe womukati, abolition kuti mari yechikoro nemari tsika Clearance - izvi zvose zvarinoita mari zvaitakura zvinhu.

Zita pamwe ichi pamberi vanhu vakawanda pamusoro chii asingadi kutaura. Zvakanga kusvikira 2006, iye kana kutanga kutaura pakusikwa Customs Union pakati Belarus, Kazakhstan uye Russia, iyo aifanira ndimutsidzire pahwaro of EurAsEC - Eurasian Economic Union (the chidimbu inomirira ichi). Panguva iyoyo zvakanga mvumo chete tsika bumbiro uye chete mutero zvinhu zvose zvifambiswe. Mukusonganira iri vatsoropodzi zhinji uye nevatsoropodzi. Asi haugoni kuramba chokwadi kuti muna 2012 kupfuma Kazakhstan kaviri.

Maererano mutsara Sergey Glazyev, kuti ipapo nzvimbo motokari dzaitungamirira Munyori Commission (pamutemo uye zvechigarire muviri), wokutanga hafu kuvapo Economic Community misoro nyika yaisanganisira mariri yakawedzera chimwe muzvitatu, uye basa iri pamuganhu munzvimbo - 40%. Benefits ari peziso.

Chinangwa chebasa mirayiro

Kurutivi pakasikwa sangano iri aiva nematambudziko akawanda, sezvinoratidzwa nguva yapfuura kubva mutongo pamusoro pokugadzwa pamwe muna 2006 isati akazviratidza muna 2010, ari Customs Union. nemirau Technical vanyatsohuongorora yakagadzirwa kuti usabate discriminatory mutemo pamusoro chero kubatanidzwa nyika. Pakutanga, Union akabvumirwa 27 zvekushandisa nemirau, sezvinotevera wokugamuchirwa: muna 2012 - 8, muna 2013 - 12, muna 2014 - 5, 2015 - kunyange 2. Kubva nhasi, nhamba yakawedzera uye akaenzana 31. Vakawanda vari budiriro. Yoga akataura kuti mabhizimisi chamakaisa zita renyu kwokutanga zvimwe zvibvumirano, kupedzisa, pasi ndishandise mamiriro kusvikira nhambo apo rapfuura chibvumirano vanorega inoshanda. Kurerutsa yacho hwokugadzira murau (pasi pamutemo kuumbwa) pamusoro munharaunda Union, akatanga imwe chete mazita zvigadzirwa. Kana muchipinda simba chero murau pakati Tsika Union, anofa kwokutanga uchishandisa mamiriro National achitarisirwa.

Zvinangwa of Customs Union

The Interstate Council, iyo inosanganisira vakuru pasvikira kunyika nhatu, ndiye mukuru Rinodzora international sangano.

Customs Union hwokugadzira mirayiro anosanganisira zvachose vose pamutemo kuumbwa uye tsika code, akasika zvikurukuru kuti nechokwadi kukura GDP (chakakomba mumhuri chigadzirwa) pakati pokuita nyika. Uye kukura iyi zvinoitika, sezvinoratidzwa nenhamba kunyika achida abatane mubatanidzwa. Armenia ichi, Tajikistan uye Moldova. Nhaurirano vari kuitwa pamwe New Zealand, Israel, neSiria, Vietnam uye India. Ivowo kuitwa pamwe Iceland, Luxembourg uye Switzerland - marudzi vakabatana sangano rinonzi EFTA. The Customs Union ane zvaunoda wezvokutengeserana nharaunda ine nyika dzakawanda pasi pose.

Apo Tsika Union, pane miviri mvumo pamusoro Mapato. Mabasa avo anosanganisira kukura unyanzvi mirau, uyewo penhungamiro zvaidiwa zvinodiwa nemitemo iyi, kudzora pamusoro aurayiwe chawakaronga mabasa nokuda Implementation mabasa.