The shanduka uye echimurenga zvakasiyana kukura? The ukama uye huru kusiyana

The shanduka uye echimurenga zvakasiyana kukura? Pfungwa idzi mumagakava enyika pfungwa, runoonekwa sechinhu zvachose vachitopikisa. Shoko "shanduka" rine chokuita zvishoma nezvishoma uye kuramba kukura, nepo chimurenga Rinobatanidzwa chimbichimbi kuchinja munharaunda, achiperekedzwa dzimwe nguva zvikuru okunyanyisa nzira. Vamwe kudanwa pokuchinja kwezvinhu nokukurumidza shanduka, zvino, pfungwa, ndizvo zvimwechete. Vanhu, kune rumwe rutivi, ane katsika kutenda uchenjeri zvishoma nezvishoma, Ukuwo, vanhu vakajaira kuzobvunza kudiwa nguva nenguva zvakohwewa nezvakanga vaigona kukurumidza kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu ari muvanhu.

Change: Evolution kana Revolution?

Mao Tse-tung akati kuti simba rezvematongerwo enyika inokura kubva nepfuti dhiramu. Kukura echimurenga kufamba zvinowanzoitwa apo akatadza kudzora mamiriro acho ezvinhu. Anotungamirira mutoo, sezvo mutemo, munhu takapoteredzwa boka duku kuvimbwa navo. The chaizvo urongwa yokuchinja inova novimba munhu. Kana shanduka shanduko, ipapo mutungamiri anofanira kutora kosi pamusoro shanduko pamberi zvichaita kuti okunyanyisa mutungamiri. Chii Kuchinja ndiyo nzira yakarurama? Pasinei chokwadi kuti vanhu vakawanda intuitively vanosarudza shanduka nzira, hazvina kukodzera nguva dzose.

Interconnection vaviri pakatarisana pfungwa

The shanduka uye echimurenga zvakasiyana kukura? maitiro evanhu anonyanya pakutsvaga kare zviitiko uye zvakaitika pane zviri mberi. Kuwedzera pfungwa iyi matambudziko yesangano, zvinokwanisika kuziva zvinoverengeka maitikiro, mumwe nomumwe unotanga kukura nguva kuramba kukura uye isimbe, uye inoguma echimurenga nguva kuchinja kunokosha kwesangano uye ukapisa murwi. The Mwero izvo echimurenga nguva mumnhu, uye kunotema kana vanhu ichifamba mberi kwayo inotevera padanho shanduka kukura. Detail kufunga nyaya chii dzakasiyana-shanduka uye echimurenga kukura, zvinofungirwa kuti shanduka - ichi inzira nevakawanda mberi mumuviri, mupfungwa uye mune zvokunamata mune zvakasikwa kuumbwa nguva uye nzvimbo. Zvisinei, vamwe kuchinja munhoroondo vanhu vaiva zvechokwadi echimurenga, pasinei nokuti vakanga Transitional uye zvishoma nezvishoma. Panyaya iyi, unogona vakafunga kuti kumukira chingaitika mukufamba shanduka, uye achangozvinetesa kuonekwa sezvo rikurumidze muitiro, vaiona hofori waruka mberi.

kushanduka

Culture uye vanhu kunge wakashanduka-shanduka kubva nyore kuti zvakaoma, kubva noutsinye kuburikidza zvoutsinye kusvika budiriro. chinhu chakadai mberi, razova chinokosha pamusoro shanduka. Chii chave yezvakaita shanduka kukura kwenzanga? The Organic kukura, unosanganisira dungwerungwe kufanana kuchinja imwe negwara. Shanduka - idungwerungwe dyidzana mananara zvainanga kwokushanduka. Izvi ndizvo chinoramba achichinja kubva yakaderera pamwero kuti yepamusoro uye kuoma sezvo zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera kwevanhu kudzora zvakatipoteredza.

chimurenga

The echimurenga dzidziso yemhindumupindu zvinoonekwa pakarepo, kukuru, kana zvakakwana kuchinja, kumboenda reorientation uye nokubatanidzwazve. inokosha shanduko iyi iri enyika musangano kana hurumende, rokuramba bumbiro kana unscheduled pakuputsa mutongi mumwe. The chimurenga kungasanganisira kushandiswa zvose chisimba uye vasiri chisimba chiito. Izvi kukuru Qualitative kuchinja kukura siyana mananara hunhu, vanhu uye ruzivo. Kupindura mubvunzo pamusoro shanduka uye echimurenga zvakasiyana kukura chii, zvakakosha kuziva kuti izvi chimbichimbi kugumiswa zvishoma nezvishoma, pamwe pakumedura rekare mufundisi. History inoratidza kuti akasvetuka dzakadaro kazhinji kutungamirira slowdown ari kukura.

Chii chave yezvakaita shanduka kukura kwenzanga?

Nemaonero vanodzidza nezvavanhu uye mamwe masayendisiti, tsika yose ikabuda yunifomu uye nezvishoma. Mhindumupindu, pana yaDarwin yokushanduka-shanduka uye rwokuzvarwa selection, vakatsvaka kuronda kukura tsika kuburikidza nguva. Zvaidavirwa kuti makambani akawanda kuenda kuburikidza akatevedzana dzakananga zvokukura kukura. Chii chave marwiro shanduka kukura? Mumwe Mazano dzataurwa nomuzivi Montesquieu muzana remakore rechi18, raiva muzvikamu zvitatu: kuvhima (wildness), pastoralism (zvoutsinye) uye budiriro. Weboka kupinda shanduka matanho, kubva chinyakare kusvika yakabudirira, chinokosha kuti pfungwa itsva Social-shanduka ari namapfumbamwe remakore.

Dzidziso yokushanduka-shanduka

Zvichienderana Darwin uye tsika, nhoroondo uye matongo uchapupu, zvemagariro, shanduka theorists ndakasika akwikwidzane Zano mukuru magariro mberi, sezvo vakatsanangura kwakabva siyana nemasangano. Izvi zvinosanganisira chitendero, muchato uye mhuri. Nokupfupikisa zvose pamusoro apa, tinogona kutaura kuti shanduka kukura nzanga kuchinja kuburikidza zvishoma nezvishoma kuchinja aripo ezvinhu, kusiyana echimurenga matanho, naro pane wakakwana kana rushoma yaitsiva aivapo kurongeka.