The nharo pamusoro chokwadi mutambo "The Lower makadzika" Gorky

Genre anotamba Maksima Gorkogo "Nechepakaperera" rinogona sokuva mumutambo kwouzivi. In basa iri, munyori akanga achikwanisa kumumutsa yakawanda matambudziko nyaya womunhu uye zvinoreva ivepo. Zvisinei, nharo pamusoro chokwadi mutambo "The Lower dzakadzika" aiva kiyi.

History chokusika

Mutambo rakanyorwa muna 1902. nguva ino kunoratidzwa chakakomba zvoupfumi, izvo zvakaita kubva kuvhara womufekitari vashandi vaiva kunze basa, uye vanhuwo zvavo dzakamanikidzwa kupemha uye achipemha. All izvi vanhu, uye pamwe navo uye mamiriro, vaiva chaizvo pasi upenyu. Kuti tiratidze pakagumira kuparara, Bamba Gorky akaita vatambi ake vamiririri zvikamu zvose vemo. It Baron, uyo akava mushingi, aimbova mutambi, pfambi, mumwe Locksmith, mbavha, shangu, mutengesi, kugara imba landlords, mapurisa.

Uye zvakaita pakati kuora ichi uye urombo vanopiwa kiyi mibvunzo husingaperi muupenyu. Uye mwoyo makakatanwa akarara ari nharo pamusoro chokwadi kutamba "The Lower makadzika". Izvi vagara dambudziko kwouzivi aripo sokuti asingagadzirisiki mabhuku Russian, nokuti vaite Pushkin, Lermontov, Dostoevsky, NdiTolstoy, Chekhov nevamwe vazhinji. Asi Gorky haana kutya mamiriro ezvinhu aya, uye zvaakasika basa isina didacticism uye moralizing. The Fafitera pachake ane kodzero sarudzo yake, pashure pokuteerera akasiyana pfungwa maonero, izvo kuratidza vanotaurwa.

The nharo pamusoro chokwadi

In mutambo "The Lower dzakadzika", sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, rinovava kwete wairatidza zvairwadza chaichoicho, munyori chaiva mhinduro dzemibvunzo inokosha zvikuru kwouzivi. Uye pakupedzisira Vanotarisira kuti uvhure nzira itsva chigadzirwa, akanga asina kuenzana munhoroondo mabhuku. Pakutanga, nyaya sokuti disjointed, plotless ichiparara, asi vose zvipenga dambanemazwi vari zvishoma akawedzera, uye kuona zvakunowedzera ari kurwisana wemagamba, mumwe nomumwe ndicho mutakuri chokwadi.

Chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda, zvakawanda uye hariperi nyaya dzakadai nharo pamusoro chokwadi mutambo "The Lower makadzika". Table, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti vanzwisise zvakakura izvozvo, kuti vanoumba matatu kutaurwa: Bubnov, Luka uye Satin. Zviri vatambi ava nhaurirano nenharo pamusoro kudiwa chokwadi. Achiziva kuti hazvibviri kupindura mubvunzo uyu, Gorky anoisa mumuromo magamba mafungiro akasiyana, izvo zvakaenzana uye ravnoprivlekatelny nokuda Fafitera. Hazvibviri kuona nzvimbo munyori, saka izvi zvitatu mifananidzo vatsoropodzi nokududzirwawo dzakasiyana, uye pachine hapana tabvumirana kuti vane pfungwa kuva kwechokwadi ndezvechokwadi.

Bubnov

Achipinda nharo pamusoro chokwadi kutamba "The Lower dzakadzika", Bubnov ndiko pfungwa kuti kiyi zvose vari. Haadaviri muna yepamusoro simba uye yakakwirira muupenyu hwevanhu. Munhu anozvarwa uye anorarama chete kufa: "Vose nzira: akaberekwa, achararama, uchafa. Uye ini ndafa ... uye iwe ... Ko akazvidemba ... "hunhu uyu tariro mwoyo muupenyu uye anoona hapana mufaro mune ramangwana. Chokwadi iye ari kuti vanhu havagoni kuramba ezvinhu uye utsinye kwenyika.

Nokuti Bubnov nhema zvisingagamuchirwi uye zvisinganzwisisiki, anotenda kuti chete vanofanira kutaura chokwadi: "? Uye nei vanhu nhema se"; "Mupfungwa dzangu, Wali chokwadi chose, sezvazvakaita!" Iye akasununguka kurovererwa akataura pfungwa yake, pasina kutarisa panguva vamwe. Uzivi Bubnov wechokwadi uye pitiless munhu, haana kuona pfungwa dzavo nevavakidzani uye autarisire.

Luke

For Luke chinokosha chinhu hachisi chokwadi, uye kunyaradzwa. Mukuedza kuunza mamwe pfungwa tariro nezuva muupenyu vagari imba doss, rinovapa tariro yenhema. rubatsiro rwake inhema. Luke anonzwisisa vanhu uye anoziva zvinodiwa kuti munhu wose pahwaro ichi uye anopa chipikirwa. Saka, anoudza Anna kufa kuti pashure porufu kwakamirira kwake zororo, mutambi anofuridzira tariro mushonga udhakwa, nemadota anopikira upenyu kuSiberia nani.

Luke rinopa mumwe kiyi mukufambisira nyaya iyi sezvo nharo pamusoro chokwadi mutambo "The Lower makadzika". Isingadhuri yezvifananidzo ake azere tsitsi, kurudziro, asi havana shoko rechokwadi. mufananidzo uyu ndomumwe kupfuura dzichipesana mumutambo. Kwenguva refu nguva yake chaiko kungoonekwa chete kunaka divi, asi nhasi vakawanda vanoona nemuzviito Luke uye zvakanaka nguva. nhema ake vanonyaradzwa simba, asingagoni kurwisa utsinye chokwadi. Uzivi hunhu ichi mu mutsa: "Munhu anogona kudzidzisa zvakanaka ... Apo vanhu vanotenda - vakararama, asi akarasikirwa kutenda kwake - akandozvisungirira." Achiratidza izvi ruremekedzo anoonekwa kuti nyaya sei mukweguru akaponesa makororo maviri kana vakamuitira mutsa. Luke wechokwadi - mune tsitsi kumupa tariro kuvanhu uye chido, kunyange illusory, mukana nani, izvo zvakabatsira kurarama.

sateen

Satin anonzi huru anokumhan'arira raRuka. Zviri vatambi ava vaviri vari chikuru nharo chokwadi iri mutambo "The Lower makadzika". Satin Quotes Kusiyana zvikuru nemashoko Luke: "Manyepo - chitendero varanda," "Wechokwadi - munhu akasununguka murume mwari"!

For Satin nhema zvisingagamuchirwi, somunhu, paanoona simba, mukurumari uye kukwanisa kuchinja zvose. Tsitsi uye tsitsi vane maturo, vanhu havafaniri havo navo. Hazvina hunhu uyu unotaura yakakurumbira kupa vamwe mukana wokutaura munhu-mwari, "Pane chete munhu, vose - basa ake uye pfungwa dzake! It - kukuru! Zvinoita - zviri vanozvikudza "!

Kusiyana Bubnov, Anobvumawo chokwadi uye akaramba nhema Satin anoremekedza vanhu vanotenda maari.

mhedziso

Saka, nharo pamusoro chokwadi mutambo "The Lower pakadzika" riri plot-. Gorky haana kupa mhinduro yakajeka kunetsana, kuti zvionekwe kuti ndiani zvakarurama, anofanira mumwe Fafitera pachavo. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kwokupedzisira kupa vamwe mukana wokutaura Satina rumbo anzwa panguva murume uye chiito chokuchinja chinotyisa chaichoicho.