The humburumbira, humburumbira nharaunda

Cylinder (Rinobva echiGiriki, kubva pamashoko "chinotenderera", "chinotenderera") - muviri geometric riri kunorondedzerwa kunze pamusoro inonzi cylindrical, uye vaviri ndege. ndege izvi piringisha pemvura chimiro uye zvinofanana nomumwe.

A cylindrical penyika - munhu pose kuti inotengwa translational inofamba achirurama mutsetse ari muchadenga. kufamba ava vakadaro kuti kusarudzwa pfungwa yakarurama mutsetse inoita kufamba achitevedza munyonga kuti sandarara mhando. mutsetse uyu chairuramira anonzi jenareta, asi munyonga - mutungamiriri.

The humburumbira ine peya nezvigadziko uye lateral cylindrical pamusoro. Sepombi kuuya munzira dzakawanda:

1. Circular, yakananga humburumbira. Pamusangano mujinga humburumbira uye perpendicular kuti mutungamiri mutsetse generatrix, uye ane mukana akabatana kuti symmetry.

2. humburumbira zvokunamata. It angled pakati urwu mutsetse uye pasi hakusi zvakarurama.

3. Cylinder zvimwe fomu. Hyperbolic, rakaita denderedzwa chairo, parabolic, uye vamwe.

Nzvimbo humburumbira, uye zvachose pamusoro nzvimbo neimwe humburumbira inowanikwa nokuwedzera dzine Nezvigadziko mufananidzo uye parutivi pamusoro nzvimbo.

The yemaitiro kuti anoti zvachose nzvimbo humburumbira kuti dzeraundi makavharidzira, yakarurama humburumbira:

SP = kusapindirana kweropa + 2n 2n 2n R2 = R (h + R).

Lateral pamusoro nzvimbo iri vaitsvaka iri zvishoma kuoma kukunda munharaunda yose humburumbira, izvozvo rinowanikwa nevanhu vachiwedzera Kureba urwu mumutsetse mukomberedzo kwomuchinjikwa chikamu inoumbwa ndege riri perpendicular kuti generatrix mutsetse.

Izvi pemvura nharaunda kuti dzeraundi makavharidzira humburumbira, rworudyi humburumbira kuzivikanwa Ongororo yacho chinhu.

Tarisei - a rectangle kuti ane H kureba uye urefu P, izvo zvinotipa nechigadziko mukomberedzo.

Izvi zvinoreva kuti humburumbira lateral nzvimbo akaenzana kushanda pakuvheneka nzvimbo uye kunogona akaverenga ne fomura ichi:

SB = ph.

Kana iwe tora munhu dzeraundi makavharidzira, yakarurama humburumbira, ipapo kwaari:

P = 2n R, uye SB = 2n kusapindirana kweropa.

Kana humburumbira vachida, nzvimbo kurutivi pamusoro zvinofanira kuenderana zvibereko urefu hwayo jenareta mitsetse uye chikamu muchinjikwa ari mukomberedzo riri perpendicular iri urwu mutsetse.

Sezvineiwo, hapana nyore payakavakirwa nokuti anoratidza nzvimbo lateral pose humburumbira vachida kuburikidza kukwirira kwayo uye parameters ose chawo.

Kuverenga nzvimbo humburumbira chikamu, unofanira kuziva zvishoma zvinhu. Kana chikamu muchinjikwa kwayo ndege chawo chinoyambuka, muchinjikwa-chikamu munogara rectangle. Asi rectangles izvi zvichava zvakasiyana, zvichienderana chikamu chinzvimbo. Rimwe divi Muchikamu axial pamusoro nechipi, chiri perpendicular kuna muzasi akaenzana pakakwirira, uye mumwe - the dhayamita pakati mujinga humburumbira. A sectional nzvimbo dzakadaro, ukuwo, zvinotipa zvinobikwa rumwe rutivi rectangle kune vamwe, perpendicular wokutanga, kana zvibereko kukwirira mufananidzo kuti dhayamita pakati chawo.

Kana muchinjikwa chikamu chiri perpendicular kuna nechigadziko nhamba asi harizopfuuri nomunyika yacho Kutenderera akabatana, nzvimbo chino zvichava akaenzana chigadzirwa rakakwirira humburumbira, uye mumwe nevaya. Kuwana Chord, zvakakodzera kuvaka denderedzwa pazasi humburumbira nharaunda kuomerera uye kuibvisa kure, inova sectional maonero. Uye kubva pfungwa iyi unoda perpendicular kuti nharaunda kubva mharadzano pamwe denderedzwa. The mharadzano Pfungwa dzine chokuita pakati. A mujinga Triangle - ndiye zvaida nevaya, kureba uko kubvunzwa pamusoro Pythagorean theorem no. The Pythagorean theorem no iri: "The vakaverenga dzinoungana vanhu makumbo maviri akaenzana hypotenuse akaenzana":

C2 = A2 + B2.

Kana chikamu asingadi kukanganisa mujinga humburumbira uye humburumbira pacharo, uye dzeraundi makavharidzira mutsetse, nzvimbo muchinjikwa chikamu ichi chinowanikwa sezvo nzvimbo yacho denderedzwa.

Nzvimbo denderedzwa akaenzana:

S env. 2n = R2.

Kuti tiwane nharaunda yacho denderedzwa R, zvakakodzera vagovere Kureba C 2n:

R = C \ 2n, apo N - Pi, ari kwemasvomhu kugara dzaona kuti mashoko uye circumferentially zvakaenzana 3.14.