The Danish Muzivi Kerkegor Seren: A Biography, mapikicha

Ndiani Seren Kerkegor? Chokutanga munhu ane zita anozivikanwa vose, asi vashoma vanoziva kuti ndiye inozivikanwa. Kazhinji achida sokuti akangwara, zvakawanda vakadzidza, njere kupfuura zvechokwadi, vechiduku vanhu raireva anonziwo ake, kwete kunzwisisa kuti zvairevei. Kunyanya kana iri unonzi iziviswe kana akaperengerwa zvakanaka. Saka ndiani chaizvo?

Biography. Early upenyu.

Seren Kerkegor (akaberekwa May 5, 1813) akaberekwa muCopenhagen (Denmark) mumhuri murimi mudiki. Akanga ari gotwe mumhuri uye gare gare mwana nababa vake. Vabereki vake kunetseka pamusoro zvoupfumi nemateru nezvisingafadzi, uye panguva nenguva yekubva kune dzimwe nyika, kwete kunyimwa vana vavo nhaka. Mhuri yakanga zvechitendero uye vose vana ezero mukunamata uye rudo rwaMwari.

Mumakore 17, Kerkegor Seren anoenda yunivhesiti kudzidza dzidziso, uzivi uye zvepfungwa. Kwemakore masere, iye plunges mugomba kupenga rinopfungaira nezvezviitiko zvine chokuita noupenyu mudzidzi. Muna 1838, pane kuchinja chimbichimbi mune maonero, uye simbe kumaresitorendi asisiri kufarira muzivi ramangwana. Seren Kerkegor, ane pikicha akakunda nguva chete rethinking tsika kuti dzakaiswa yake pauduku, pakarepo ikachinja maonero enyika. Zvikurukuru, akashora kutenda kwayo muna Mwari uye mweya usingafi. Kuti awane nzira itsva uye kunzwisisa chiKaturike, Kerkegor Seren akasarudza kudzokera zvinokosha uye apiwa kudzidza Bhaibheri nouzivi.

Kuchinja vakura

kuferefeta ake kuunza zvimwe zvibereko makore maviri - musoro anoda kubhabhatidzwa sayenzi dzechitendero. Panguva imwe chete kuchinja uku, uye chinzvimbo namajaya, akanga avimbiswa kuroorwa nemusikana wangu uye anogadzirira kuva mufundisi. Kerkegor Seren dzakafanana apedzerana kushanda chinyorwa chake tenzi kuti dhigirii zvoruzivo, waimira sehwaro dialectics Hegel kuti mukuru pfungwa Reformation, ichionekwa nemaonero ndyaringo uye yaSocrates nevanhu.

scrapes mhuri uye kuzarurirwa kwouzivi

Muna 1841, iye anotarisira kuva mhuri murume uchasiya muzivi, sezvo haagoni kuwana pachake, nechokwadi kwake dzechitendero uye akasarudza kuti dai chete mutoro kuti mwenga wake. The kuroorana kwakanga akaputsika, asi iye akarambwa. Kudzivisa wokupomera, jaya akaenda Berlin. Kwakavakirwa pfungwa dzavo uye manzwiro, akanyora rondedzero kwouzivi "kana-kana", iro kunomutsa mibvunzo tsika aesthetics. Asi muparidzi 1843 totaura pasi rekunyepedzera pane zita chairo - Seren Kerkegor. Makore hwake muGermany, kunobatsira vanhu kuti apore, asi akarasikirwa iye kudzoka sezvo mukana musangano aimbova anoda chiedza ekare chido zvakare. Asi pashure pfupi, murume zvakare chinonzvenga kuna Berlin uye rinobudisa kamwe mipumburu miviri itsva, allegorically achiudza rudo rwake. Iri raiva nguva apo ndakatanga kutora chimiro Serena Kerkegora uzivi. Asi kunyange asati kwebhuku rake rinonzi, muzivi anodzidza kuti ake aimbova nomusikana anowana. Uyu ake tifungisise.

Period kutsoropodzwa uye dzairamba chokwadi

Kuwedzera mafeni, Kerkegor Seren anogamuchira uye nevatsoropodzi avo unflattering mashoko pamusoro mapeji "Le Corsaire" mabasa ake. Achipindura muzivi ino rinobudisa imwe nyaya umo anoedza nyadzi uye kunyadzisa nevatsoropodzi ake. Izvi zvakasimba anokuvadza kutendeseka kwayo pamberi kwenzanga, pane tsamwisa cartoons, zvakaipa majee. Nguva pfupi pashure paizvozvo pakudhinda rimwe bhuku, riri akaudza mumazana mumapeji muuzivi Serena Kerkegora, kubva pakutanga kwake rokusika uye sayenzi nzira okupedzisira mhedziso.

Death muurombo

Kwemakore akawanda, Kierkegaard waitsigira mumabhuku ake somuparidzi, razyasnitel nheyo kutenda kwechiKristu, paakanga, kwete ari muteveri wake. Kanenge akafunga kudaro. Muna 1855, muzivi akavamba ake pepanhau pachake, asi anokwanisa kubudisa nyaya chete 10, pamberi zvokufa kurwara. 42 gore upenyu, Seren Kerkegor, uyo Biography zvinoratidza kuti kunyange munyika yakadaro pfupi anogona mberi zvinooneka mune uzivi uye zvechitendero, kutaura nezvazvo zvaakanyora, uye kugamuchira rumbidzo kutsoropodza, anofa Denmark. Iye akasiya mari chete kuvigwa, uye konekwa basa.

kunwa existentialism

The Danish Muzivi Seren Kerkegor, anowanzonzi baba existentialism, mumabasa ake, akaita somunhu anotyisa achitsoropodza rationalism uye adherent ari kuzviitira yokusvika uzivi. Maererano naye, chete kuti akanga akasiyana kubva sainzi, kwakavakirwa kazhinji akagamuchira chokwadi. Mubvunzo mukuru kuti munhu wose anokumbira pachavo: "Unoda kuvapo rangu" - ane zviuru mhinduro yakasiyana. Muzivi akapikisa kuti chido - izvi kuzviitira, uye pane chokwadi kuti zvose kuroora munhu. Uye chii inyaya kuti kuongorora kudiwa kutora dzakasiyana yakasiyana munhu kucharatidza kwavo maonero enyika.

pfungwa

Pahwaro kuzvivako nechinzvimbo Kierkegaard panyaya iyi, tinogona kugumisa kuti aitenda chete kuripo chinhu kuti haafungi amene. Pashure pezvose, kamwe tine chinhu kutanga kufunga, kuti kuvhiringidza chaivo basa aibuda zvinhu. Saka, chinhu ichi anenge asisipo, akatendeuka kupinda mumwe kare achinja nokuongororwa. Saka, muna tsika uzivi chikuru nzira zivo nyika haina vaiona chakatangwa, uye zvakaitika zviitiko, zvinhu, nokuti navo, pasina kukanganisa kuvapo kwavo.

Freedom uye rusununguko

Kierkegaard vaiti, chinopesana Hegel, kuti evanhu kare - ndiyo imwe kuramba Ribbon kuti zvakakodzera zviitiko. Kureva kuti, vanotaurwa dziri nyaya, pakanga pasina imwe sarudzo asi kuita kudaro, uye kwete zvimwe. Nyika womunhu mukati ari pasi iye chete, uye chii chinoitika mairi chero nzira hakufaniri kubata kwokunze ezvinhu. Kuita ose zuva, kweawa, kwechinguva, mutsva womukati sarudzo, vanhu pedyo Wamazvirokwazvo, riri kupfuura kunze nyika. Asi panguva imwe chete nerimwe sarudzo inofanira kuzviverengerwa. Kana nguva kusarudza munhu kuti vambomira nokusingaperi, ipapo kwaari zvinoita ezvinhu, uye nokudaro, munhu anorasikirwa ake kuzvida.

Uzivi netariro

Nokuuya rive mamiriro mwoyo, vanhu vanorasikirwa nokutenda maari uye anotsvaka kubvisa ichi kunzwa. Uye nokuda kwaizvozvo unofanira kubvisa pachako kubva kuvapo, kuti mwoyo aenda. Asi kutiza, siya, bvisa pachako zvisingabviri. Munhu haasi kuziva magumo ake guru sezvo chikwata zvomudzimu, asi zviri zvikuru kwakapararira ezvinhu pane Kusara mutemo. Uye, muna Kierkegaard mafungiro, zvakanaka. Nekuti chete wakaora vanhu vanogona kuwana simba kufamba mberi, vabate pachako. Zviri kuti kutya kuti chinoita mweya yedu akakodzera pakakwirira.

nzira yokuva

Kerkegor Seren akataura modes zviviri ariko wacho: chokuita aesthetic.

Esthete, maererano muzivi, kurarama sezvo hunhu aida. Zvinotora ayo uye zvaasingagoni, Kusakwana nyika nezvavakambosangana ukoshi mairi, kuedza kunzwa uye kutora napo. The chikuru mirayiridzo ariko "aesthetics" zvinofadza. Asi akapiwa kuti munhu akadaro nguva dzose neKomisheni zvokunze ezvinhu, haana mukati akasununguka. Chimwe ainge ariko ane esthete, ndechokuti haana kushandisa kusvika mamiriro kugutsikana zvizere. Pane nguva dzose chinhu zvakawanda zvatinogona kuedza, kutsvaka hedonistic dandadzo. Man anorasikirwa aesthetic pfungwa dzokuzvikoshesa urwa kuruvazhe nyika uye nyika kukanganwa rwomukati. Kuti kamwe zvakare kunzwa rose zvinokosha unyatsosarudza.

Munhu anosarudza chokuita divi, nokuzvidira kuwana pachavo rusununguko uye mafaro "enda aibuda" pamwe kunze nyika. Anogarisa chokwadi chake, achiita unyatsosarudza, kuedza, ayo chaizvoizvo, kupinda kuvapo nenzira urongwa kuti anenge runotsanangurwa pacharo. Kutaura zvazviri, munhu anosika pacharo patsva, kwete remodels pasi ezvinhu, asi kwete anokungura vavo chaivo features, uye kugadziridza nokuda kwavo chokwadi akasarudzwa.

About mutsa

Philosophy rinoti tichirwisa kubatana zvakanaka uye zvakaipa zviri hama. Mumwe nomumwe sarudzo yedu anosarudza pachikero, izvo ichazara zvakawanda. Kierkegaard aidavira kuti zvakanaka munhu nokuda rusununguko, uye kwete vakutarisire. Pashure pezvose, kana muri nechomukati vakasununguka, ipapo iye akasununguka kusarudza kuva mutsa iwe kana kwete. Ndicho aesthetic mafungiro. Pakutanga yetsika chete munhu kushandisa mitemo yetsika uye handigoni kuenda rakavaomera. Kunyange kana achida zvakanaka, vakasarudza chokwadi achisunda naye zvimwe zviito.

kuziva nokutenda

The soro pavaipfuura kwevanhu kuvapo Kierkegaard vaiona "Knights kutenda." Zvakanga yakatokura mitemo yetsika, nekuti sarudzo wakabva Providence Divine, uye kwete kubva yetsika. Ethics - pfungwa nokutenda paruzhinji - munhu, zvakajekeswa. Uye kutarisa hwake aine chinzvimbo chakadaro, munhu anoziva kuti mumwe nomumwe ane basa kuna Mwari, uye dzimwe nguva kuti vanotyora mitemo yetsika nokuda kwokuripirwa chikwereti ichi.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti yechiKristu zvetsika tariro - mufananidzo chivi, asi kana zvinoda muchimiro nokutendeuka pamberi paMwari uye kunotungamirira kuporesa, ipapo kugamuchira pakati Knights kutenda. Kierkegaard ainzwisisa kutenda soro dzevanhu nemano, kwete vachiramba uchenjeri uye dzetsika, izvo kubatsira kuita kunzwisisa kuratidzwa naMwari.

A rinokosha akanzi uzivi rwepfungwa. Aidavira kuti chete kuburikidza pfungwa munhu anogona kusimbazve kuzvida, kuramba tariro yokupukunyuka tsika "rufu" uye unoberekwazve yakaita Phoenix. Kuziva sezvo akanga mumwe mbiru kutenda uye rusununguko. It kubudirira Anobvumirana nepakati pakati finite uye magumo, zvokunyama. Zvinobatsira mumwe munhu kuchengetedza nepakati kuti pachake.

Zvichireva Kierkegaard uzivi

Contemporary muzivi vasingagoni anzwisisa. Zvino ndiyo mafungiro Reformation, kufanana reserved, utsva, pane svetuka pauri uye yetsika uye aesthetic sarudzo. Uzivi Serena Kerkegora muchidimbu retold mumapepanhau nemagazini, kwete chubvu kupinda musimboti kuti vakaminamisa zvinorehwa zvataurwa. Vazhinji vanoda kukanda matombo ari Danish anofunga. Asi vaidavira kuti ichi mukurumbira kunaka vachabatsirwa vaya anonyatsovafarira zvaanodzidzisa. Handiti, zvakakosha kuti kunzwisisa mabhuku ake, uye haana kuedza kumutevedzera, uye relished zviitiko hwake. Seren Kerkegor, ane uzivi kazhinji vakatsoropodza, akakwanisa kubata mwoyo chizvarwa akazotevera.

Pashure mukurwisana maviri nyika kuti kwakaitika muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri, vanhu kamwe zvakare akatendeukira mabasa Kierkegaard, uye akawana zvauri kutsvaka, kana kutarira nyika yakatipoteredza. Vanoziva kuti Vapererwa uye akawana simba nekumuka kubva madota. Ndizvo chaizvo zvaakanyora muzivi huru Seren Kerkegor.