The Club of Rome - chii? International voruzhinji sangano (funga tangi): kare, zvinangwa, nhengo

Munguva dzazvino, zvinetso zvakawanda zvavanhu vari munyika yose. kukasira kwavo kukuru nokuda zvinhu zvinoverengeka: .. Riwedzere kwechirwere vanhu pamusoro zvakasikwa, kuwedzera kukura kwenzanga, chinonyanya kuitwa Kuparadzwa zviwanikwa, kufurirwa vezvenhau ano uye zvekushandisa midziyo, nezvimwewo basa rinokosha pakugadzirisa nyaya idzi vairidza Club of Rome.

Chii matambudziko munyika yose vanhu? Ndicho sharpest evanhu uye zviwanikwa kuzvipokanidza chokuita yose, uye naizvozvo munhu nyika uye kumatunhu. Vanofanira kusiyaniswa kubva voga, omunharaunda uye emunharaunda nyaya.

matambudziko Global nguva yedu

Vanofanira kuva zvainyatsoratidza, sezvo yakanga chisarudzo chavo inotaura Club of Rome. Chii idambudziko pose, hatina kutoziva. Zvinofanira akati kuti vari kuva mapoka matatu. Rondedzera muchidimbu nomumwe wavo;

1. Yokutanga ndivo avo kuti chokuita ukama pakati mumapoka inotaura. Zvinetso zvakadaro vanonzi intersotsialnymi. Mienzaniso aya: dambudziko kuunza rugare uye kudzivirira hondo, pave chete zvoupfumi kuti panguva dzakawanda chechetere.
2. Boka matambudziko rechipiri rinobatanidza kunobva kukurukurirana hunhu uye vanhu. Vari chokuita chokwadi kuti zvakatipoteredza ane shoma kukwanisa kuita kuti anthropogenic zvazvinoita. Mienzaniso matambudziko akadai: Zvokudya huni, simba, yakachena mhepo, mvura yakachena. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuchengetedza zvakasikwa kubva siyana kusingarapiki kuchinja, uyewo zvine ubanguranyika dzokunze nzvimbo uye nyika gungwa.
3. Pakupedzisira, boka rechitatu rinobatanidza yose matambudziko nyaya chokuita yevanhu-nzanga hurongwa. Chinhu mubvunzo kuti anorondedzera zvakananga wacho. matambudziko aya anoenderana sei vanhu vanogona mikana yokuti munhu kukura.

Aurelio Peccei, muvambi Club of Rome, uyewo semutungamiri wayo wokutanga, anoyeuka kuti zvakajeka kupfuura aifungidzira zvose ngozi kuti kutyisidzira vanhu, zvikuru chokwadi chokuti tinofanira kuita chiito pasina kunonoka. Oga, aikwanisa kuita chinhu, saka ndakasarudza kusika denderedzwa dzakafanana vanhu. Aurelio Peccei aida kupa nyika imwe nzira itsva kuti kudzidza matambudziko yose anonetseka naye. Zvakaguma pakusikwa Club of Rome.

Ndiani A. Peccei

Makore oupenyu murume uyu - 1908-1984. Aibva mumhuri kuItaly mugovanisi. Peccei muna 1930 akadzivirira ake doctorate chinyorwa pamusoro itsva zvoupfumi mutemo, iyo yakaitwa kubva USSR. Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II akatora mugove kuramba sangano. Peccei akaenda nguva ino yevaNazi kurwadziswa makamuri. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti mhuri Aurelio haisi chokubata. Asi, izvi murume muduku aiva nehanya kutsakatisa kusaruramisira munzanga. Peccei akafamba munyika. Akaona muumbozha uye pfuma vamwe uye nhamo uye urombo nevamwe.

Alexander King

Izvi Purofesa British mumuviri Chemistry uye akanomira kwakatangira Club of Rome. Pakupera 60-ies wekupedzisira remakore, akava CEO of Science of OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). Pashure Peccei afa aiva Alexander King (yaifananidzira kuruboshwe) akatungamirira Club of Rome kusvikira 1991.

Pakusikwa Club of Rome

Kuwanda nokuwadzana ichi hachina kupfuura mumwe zana. It rakaumbwa muna 1967. Analytical Center akanambwa asiri ehurumende dzakawanda sangano rinounza pamwechete masayendisiti, vanamuzvinabhizimisi uye vezvematongerwo enyika pasi pose. Kuwedzera zvizere nhengo, shamwaridzana uye honorary zvinowanikwa muna Club of Rome. Analytical Center akawana zita rayo kubva muguta reRoma, kwaiva musangano havaoni ayo (panguva Accademia Dei Lincei).

Chinangwa uye zvebasa mukirabhu

Chinangwa chikuru chemusha sangano kubva pakutanga kwayo - tsanangudzo dzinokosha dzakatarisana vanhu, uyewo kuti kuva nzira kutaura navo. Zvinangwa Club of Rome, pamusoro hwaro ichi, zvinotevera:

• Kugadzirwa nzira ongororo atumidzwa vanhu kuoma (kunyanya ari kupfuma uye kusingadzoreki kukura zvinodyiwa uye kugadzirwa pezvakaitwa);
• kukurudzira kukosha dambudziko, iyo akava ano;
• kuziva matanho kuti anogona kukubatsira kubudirira zvakanyatsoenzana yose.

Aurelio Peccei akagadzira kuti "zvakaitika-kuburikidza" pfungwa yokuti dambudziko iri nemhaka musiyano uri pakati hwokugadzira nebudiriro vanhu uye kukura kwayo tsika.

kirabhu chokugadza

Sangano iri kwagara akaramba vashoma, kuti vaifanira kutsigira pakagadzwa zvachose vokukurukura pakati nhengo dzayo. Zvisinei, uye vakawanda muviri hakusi nyore nguva dzose. The Club of Rome hakufaniri kuva sangano kwakajairika pfungwa shoko, sezvo munyika, uye saka vasina shamwari dzakadaro. It aripo yayo bhajeti, kunyange zvishomanana, kwete kuvimba chero zvose mari zvinyorwa. The Club iri transcultural, kureva, nhengo dzayo dziri kubatwa zvakasiyana-siyana kutenda mugadziriro, pfungwa uye anoranga kwesayenzi, vasina akasungwa uye kana mumwe wavo. Association anonzi kurongwa, izvo zvinoita kuti vakasununguka kupanana maonero. Chimwe chokugadza - The Club of Rome akagadzirira kunyangarika kana zvisisadiwi, nekuti hakuna chinhu kupfuura nemasangano kana pfungwa kuti akararama richibatsira yavo.

Mabasa Club of Rome

basa rake vakabatsira zvinopfuura 30 Ushamwari siyana munyika, vaitungamirira tsvimbo kuti kusimudzirwa pfungwa dzavo inoti. Research zvirongwa anosarudza navo, anobata mativi ose ano dambudziko mamiriro redu. Vakanga inotsigirwa makuru yemakambani uye rwaiitwa nemasayendisiti kubva kunyika dzakasiyana, vakanga migumisiro muchimiro mishumo kirabhu. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chakarongwa bhajeti uye mudonzvo vasingafariri kushamwaridzana. basa rake riri kwakarongeka rinoumbwa nhengo 12 nevarikutonga komiti.

International Secretariat pakutanga 2008 rakazotamisirwa kubva muguta wokuGermany Hamburg muna Winterthur (Switzerland). Pari kirabhu kuramba kuongorora mamiriro enyika. Uye sezvo sangano zvigadziko kuchinja kukuru, kunyanya mu geopolitical.

nenhamba tsvimbo

International voruzhinji sangano racho sezvamunoita ndehwokuti kupa chikamu zvishoma nezvishoma vanhu. Pakati nhengo dzayo dzakanga dzakanyorwa akakurumbira voruzhinji, vanofunga, masayendisiti, mamaneja uye vadzidzisi kubva kunyika dzinopfuura 30 pasi pose. Hwavo upenyu ruzivo uye dzidzo zvakanga zvakasiyana, uyewo munzanga. Uyezve, vanhu ava vane maonero akasiyana uye zvaunotenda. Organization Club of Rome akaunganidza zvipenyu Aklila Lemma weEtiopia uye Karl-Goran Haden kubva Sweden; nyanzvi uye Marxist muzivi Adam Schaff kuPoland; Canadian uye American vakuru Lamontana M. uye K. Pell; political musayendisiti kubva Brazil Hélio Dzhagaribe; Japanese urbanist Kenzo Tange nevamwe. Zvose izvi nezvimwe nhengo zhinji dzakanga dzakabatanidzwa nehanya zvichaitirwa vanhu uye rakadzika pfungwa Humanism. Vane maonero akasiyana, asi vakanga vakasununguka kutaura navo muchimiro iyo kwainzi kupfuura zvakakodzera. Ona kuti nhengo hurumende, sezvo mutemo, haagoni kuva nhengo Organization inotifadza panguva imwe chete.

The Club of Rome muna Russian

Mune USSR muna 1989, wakaonekwa chokusimudzira Association of Club of Rome. Nhengo dzaro zvizere panguva dzakasiyana vaiva Academicians EK Fedorov, D. Gvishiani, VA Sadovnichy, AA Logunov, EM Primakov, uye munyori Ch. T. Aytmatov.

Paton Boris Evgenevich uye Gorbachev Mihail Sergeevich - ane honorary nhengo kirabhu. The yokupedzisira hakudi sumo, asi pasi havazivi zvose. Paton Boris Evgenevich (yaifananidzira pamusoro) - muzvinafundo, Ukrainian uye Soviet musayendisiti mumunda nesimbi rwokugadzira uye simbi. Akanga kaviri paakavapa musoro Hero pamusoro Socialist Labor. Uyezve, masayendisiti vaiva vokutanga munhoroondo akava Hero rweUkraine.

Full nhengo kusvikira 2012 aiva Professor Sergey Petrovich Kapitsa. Unofanira kunge akanzwa chinhu pamusoro musayendisiti ichi. Sergey Petrovich Kapitsa (yaifananidzira pamusoro) - Russia uye Soviet yefizikisi uye mudzidzisi, Vice President of Natural Sciences, presenter uye mupepeti ari mukuru akakurumbira magazini "Munyika nesayenzi." Kubvira 1973, akatungamirira chirongwa TV "pachena zvinoshamisa." musayendisiti Uyu mwanakomana Petra Leonidovicha Kapitsy, vakagamuchira Nobel Prize.

matambudziko maviri yose, izvo akaona kirabhu

Mumunda maonero inotifadza kwaiva sangano yakawanda nematambudziko akakura. Zvisinei, murume kufarira wenyaya ndiwo mubvunzo kwezvakatipoteredza uye nzanga yevanhu - imwe gadziriro. Kusingadzoreki basa evanhu inotungamirira kurasikirwa nokugarika mairi. Zvinofanira akati pamusoro maviri vanonzi ngano pamusoro desirability uye kudiwa anotaurwa mishumo mukirabhu. Tiri kutaura kwepasi uye ozone maburi. Ivo akaumba hwaro Kyoto uye Montreal Protocols - chikuru dzakawanda zvibvumirano.

Vanhu vakawanda vanoziva kuti ozone rukoko chiri mumhepo vematunhu, riri imwe kukwira pamusoro 10-50? km pamusoro pemvura redu uye anodzivirira kubva zuva ultraviolet nemwaranzi ndiyo anokanganisa upenyu. Muna 1957 takatanga vachiongorora rukoko urwu sezvo chikamu International Geophysical Year, zvakaziviswa panguva iyoyo. It Vakawana kuti pakukora zvinosiyana zvichienderana nemwaka. Muna 1980, tiri kutaura nezve "ozone mugomba" riri pamusoro Antarctica, apo dzimwe nguva rukoko thinned nzvimbo vakapfuura ba miriyoni 15. ? km. Media uye masayendisiti akaridza aramu, nharo kuti rezuva nemwaranzi hungangokanganisa upenyu pasi redu.

The Montreal 1987, nyika 36 akasaina dzakati, iyo unorambidza kushandisa zvinhu kuti deplete ari ozone rukoko. Muna 1997 rakazoshandiswa ari Kyoto Protocol. Countries kuitawo chibvumirano ichi, wakanyengwa tikadzivisa nevanhu girinihausi gasi choutsi pazasi 1990 zvese, mubvunzo ndewokuti, kupfuura zvose, mvura mhute uye carbon dioxide. Dzaizviti hunowedzera girinihausi maturo, iyo inotungamirira kuupenyu kwepasi pose. Kana mitemo achine wakasiyiwa dzakati kuti kupfuura, Saka signatory States, pfungwa dzinotevera: pakatanga quotas pamusoro womumwe, kubhadhara faindi uye kuvhara akaitwa.

In mhedziso

Pari dererei yeuka sangano dzakadai Club of Rome. Chii mubatanidzwa ikoko, vanoziva, kwete vamiririri vose kuchizvarwa chevechiduku. Sangano iri kunoonekwa zvakawanda semubatanidzwa, kuva nhoroondo. Pashure pemakore 70 rokupedzisira remakore rakanga yepamusoro kukurumbira pakati Club of Rome (Club of Rome). Izvi zvakanga kunonyanya kukonzerwa nezvokuonekwa "asiri purofiti vehurumende sangano," vane nhengo dzaiva masayendisiti, akakurumbira mamaneja, vezvematongerwo enyika uye mari vokutanga. Pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu mabasa Global Studies Club of Rome yakaumbwa sechinhu interdisciplinary chirango evanhu nesayenzi. pfungwa dzake mumakore 1990-2000 vava chinokosha tsika yesayenzi. Tisingatauri makuru mabasa, Club of Rome akabatsira kuti paumbwe mapoka maduku vemunzvimbo munyika dzakasiyana. Akabatsira kuparadzira dzinoverengeka pfungwa inokosha, zvichiguma sangano kuti nyika iri nani awana simba uye kutungamirirwa.

Saka, tine vakapindura mubvunzo: "The Club of Rome - chii?". Kuvapo masangano aya vanobvuma kuti zviri zvikuru munyika yanhasi.